Počiatky motoristického športu v Bratislave a Košiciach v rokoch 1921 – 1933

Author(s): Mikuláš Jančura / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2014

The tradition of motor sport in Slovakia is not rooted so deeply as in the Czech lands, or west European states, where it was developed since the turn of 19th and 20th century. This expensive and marginal activity at the beginning started to grow through the organized motoring associations, which were based in Slovakia during the 1920s and 1930s. In Slovakia didn’t exist stable speedway in this period and the races were organized on public roads, what required the cooperation of the districts’ structures and security forces. This kind of races were more attractive and it made them accessible to a wider circle of audience. From the slowly beginnings in the first half of the 1920s a solid base of sports motoring has been formed, subsequently extended its activities range from small club trips to events such as: Competition reliability,„Star-driving“, Speed races or Competition of elegance. This positive trend, however, was temporarily dampened by the impact of the global economic crisis, which also closed the pioneering stage of development of motor sport in Slovakia. This paper aims to capture the character of a relatively dynamic growth of modern sport activity in its pioneering stage in Slovakia.

Археолошке теме у будућим византолошким истраживањима у Србији

Author(s): Vesna Bikić,Marko Popović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

On the whole, archaeological investigation to date has been extensive and varied in character, ranging from small-scale trial excavations, usually aimed at obtaining basic information about particular sites, and excavations within conservation and restoration projects, to long-term systematic excavations. Consequently, the obtained results vary in value. The best explored so far are the sites in the Danube basin and southwest Serbia, while the archaeological picture of other regions is much vaguer. Despite this disproportion, the results of fieldwork and post-fieldwork analysis provide a solid basis for designing a few major research projects, the final outcome of which is expected to have the value of first-rate historical sources. On this occasion, three projects chronologically corresponding to major phases of Byzantine political, economic and cultural history are proposed. First project is early-Byzantine, encompassing topics relating to fortifications and defence systems, the provisioning of garrisons and trade in general, models and characteristics of planned urbanization and church organization. Second project would deal with topics relating to the period of restored Byzantine control over the Balkans in the 11th and 12th centuries, such as military and administrative seats on the Empire’s re-established border, the Archbishopric of Ohrid, especially the issues such as Christianization and the extent of Byzantinization, including the identification of the symbiosis and distinguishing between Byzantine influence and Slavic legacy. Third project would focus on exploring Byzantine urban and proto-urban centres within the medieval Serbian state, involving programmes of physical and chemical analyses of the recovered archaeological material, which may provide key answers to questions concerning the nature of the economy and trade between the Byzantine core areas and the Balkans. The proposed archaeological projects are expected to come up with some answers to central questions in the field of Byzantine studies. In that sense, the early-Byzantine topics are fully in tune with current concerns within Byzantine studies in Europe, and will make a significant contribution to them. On the other hand, the proposed middle and late Byzantine projects fit into the concerns of Balkan Byzantinology and, as such, have a strong potential for improving the understanding of architecture, culture and art in the Byzantine Balkan provinces. Given that Byzantine archaeology forms an integral part of national archaeology in Serbia, these projects are expected to result in a significant, if not landmark, contribution to understanding the complexity of medieval Serbian culture in general and the decorative arts in particular. In that sense, apart from research based on the archaeological methods, programmes of physical and chemical analyses of products, semi-products and raw materials are proposed for all topics. In addition to identifying the nature of the economy and trade between the Byzantine core areas and the Balkans, such analyses should help clarify technological aspects, i.e. differences and similarities between Byzantine products and contemporary domestic products modelled after them, as well as artefacts of a later date relied on Byzantine technology and style. Of course, publication of excavation and post-excavation results, and the study of artefacts belonging to the Byzantine cultural orbit by origin or inspiration, remain the first and foremost prerequisite for accomplishing the defined project goals.

The Demographic Trends on Pension Systems in Romania

Author(s): Tudor Colomeischi,Eugenia Iancu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Within national pension systems, the role of private pensions tends to become increasingly important. In support of this idea, we recall the conclusion that has been made by research that has taken place over time that the value of private pension fund assets has risen on average by 11.5% annually. The impressive value of assets becomes extremely tempting for investors who see extremely good long-term investment opportunities if we consider the amounts traded.The Romanian pension system has entered a continuous process of change, not always with positive consequences on the level of pensions. The truly significant reforms have only emerged since 2000, being favored by the country's accession to the European Union. Unlike other states, in Romanian the 2008 crisis affected the pension system especially in its public component.Private funds have resisted fairly well the problems that have arisen, partly because of the extremely prudent investment policy. The paper attempts to capture the pressures on pension systems, also making a series of forecasts on future developments in different hypotheses of the economic and social context.

Geologiczna historia Polski

Author(s): Marek Narkiewicz / Language(s): Polish

The book describes successive stages of Poland’s geological history: from accretion of the crystalline basement nearly 2 billion years ago to recent times and the near future. Present geological structure of the country is shown as the result of overlapping processes and events, using earlier tectonic patterns and structures. Historical phases are discussed against the current chronostratigraphy, in the continental and partly even global context. The author refers to the results of latest geophysical and geological research.

Economia României în perioada interbelică

Author(s): Cătălin Constantinescu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

România în timpul regimului comunist

Author(s): Roxana Matei / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

România după 1989

Author(s): Laura-Iulia Ciupercă / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Relațiile României cu vecinii (1918-2018)

Author(s): Alina Gherghina / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

Geschichte der Ukraine von den Anfängen bis zum Jahre 1920

Author(s): Borys Krupnyćkyj / Language(s): German

Content: I. Die Kiewer Periode II. Das galizisch-wolhynische Fürstentum III. Die Ukraine unter litauischer Oberherrschaft IV. Die Ukraine unter Polen V. Anfänge und Entwicklung des Kosakentums VI. Die Lage der Ukraine in der ersten Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Die Auseinandersetzung der Kosaken mit Polen VII. Bohdan Chmelnyckyj, der Begründer der ukrainischen Kosakenstaates VIII. Der Kosakenstaat in der zweiten Hälfte des 17. Jahrhunderts. Die Zeit der Irrungen und Wirrungen IX. Die Zeit Mazepas X. Der Hetmanstaat der linksufrigen Ukraine im 18. Jahrhundert XI. Die Schicksale der rechtsufrigen Ukraine, der Zaporoger . Sitsch und der Sloboder Ukraine im18. Jahrhundert XII. Die ukrainische nationale Bewegung im 19. Jahrhundert XIII. Die Westukraine zur Zeit des nationalen Erwachens XIV. Die Ukraine im 20. Jahrhundert. Der Befreiungskampf bis zum Jahre 1920 Literaturnachweis Namenregister

Политическите послания в турските сериали по българските телевизии и "Нетфликс"

Author(s): Zhana Popova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 10/2021

The text presents the main conclusions based on the study of the political messages in the Turkish series broadcasted on Bulgarian television and on Netflix. The main political messages in the series, showed on Bulgarian television, are the responsibility for decisions, connect with the life of a woman and a child. Among the important political topics are: migration, education abroad and returning home, conflicts between rich and poor.

Потопено наследство, изгубени места и пейзажи на паметта

Author(s): Lina Gergova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The text introduces in the problem of a collective research on the settlements obliterated during the construction of dams in Bulgaria, making an attempt at a terminological discussion. Based on the examples of the cultural practices of village commemorations, of the narrative patterns of fellow rural communities, and of the intimate gestures of connecting family memory and public spaces, different kinds of optics to the phenomenology of loss are proposed. The submerged as a particular case of lost heritage is in opposition to the heritage of loss, which is valorised as a value in the intergenerational discourse. Efforts are made to interpret the submerged and obliterated village not only as a lost place, but also as an irretrievably lost world. The cultural landscape is correlated with the landscape of memory – all this on the example of one of the most popular dams and the submerged village of the same name – Zhrebchevo.

Българските язовири. Политика по именуване

Author(s): Grigor Har. Grigorov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

Choosing a name is an important part of the construction of significant infrastructural projects, such as dams. Naming is not only a utilitarian procedure of individualizing a concrete space, but also a symbolic act that gives value to a specific name and transforms it in a cartographic and geographical “site of memory”. The selected name is picked out among other possible variants and is thus the result of a choice that implies an intention or at least a mental attitude. The article attempts to reconstruct the logic underlying the naming of Bulgarian dams.

Несигурност при преселване от язовирната чаша

Author(s): Petar Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The resettlement of the inhabitants of the village of Bara, Bulgaria, due to the construction of the ‘Aleksandar Stamboliyski’ Dam prolongs from 1942 to 1953. During this long period, social and economic life in the village is marked by uncertainty. A number of unpredictabilities, caused mainly by political and economic factors, hinder people from making informed choices and adequate decisions. My research interest is focused on the context that produced uncertainty and on resettlers’ worries. The reconstruction is based on archival documents dealing with the resettlement; they include also local complaints.

Цимлянското море в разказите на жителите на потопените (преселени) станици

Author(s): Olga Belova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

The article analyses the plot-motive content and genre structure of the oral narratives (memories) about the submerging of the Don stanitsi [stations] in connection with the construction of the Tsimlyansk Dam in the middle of the 20th century. The focal points of the narratives about submerging are: the loss of the ‘small homeland’ as a result of the catastrophe, the eschatological experiences, the miraculous ‘return’ of the submerged territories and objects (in visions and in reality, depending on natural phenomena). The narratives about the submerging from the Don region demonstrate a typological similarity with texts from other regions of the former USSR, which allows us to speak of a separately developed genre of modern verbal folklore.

„Язовир Йовковци е истинско богатство“: спомените на един хидростроец

Author(s): Lozanka Peycheva,Ventsislav Dimov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

This empirical study presents the results of a field research in the town of Elena and other settlements around the ‘Yovkovtsi’ Dam. The content presents fragments of an interview with Sava Kovachev, one of the hydro-builders of the ‘Yovkovtsi’ Dam. The proposed text includes our interlocutor’s memories about his first workday at the dam; brief descriptions of several submerged settlements (Yovkovtsi, Karadzhovtsi and Zingievtsi); an account of a particular case of resistance to the resettlement; memories of destroyed church, school and inn; evidences for the life of the dam builders with details about technological elements and processes of the construction, as well as for the everyday life of the builders; observations on the creation of landscapes for local dam tourism, developed by rediscovering and constructing a memory and a monument of Valchan Voivode above the ‘Yovkovtsi’ dam.

„Нашите преместени гробища“: концепцията за гробище в наративите за принудително преселване

Author(s): Iryna Koval-Fuchylo / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2022

In the narratives of migrants from submerged areas, four main concepts can be distinguished: home, land, church and cemetery. The article is devoted to the concept of a cemetery in the memories of forced resettlement from areas submerged during the construction of hydroelectric power plants in Ukraine. Excerpts from memories about the moving of cemeteries are presented. Folk beliefs, nominative vocabulary for events, places, characters, plots, persistent themes, and basic folklore plots are explored. The following main ideas are identified: it is not possible to move a cemetery entirely; disturbing the peace of the cemetery leads to dangerous consequences and provokes the wrath of the dead; the re-installation of grave crosses restores the sacredness of the graves, consolidates the resettled community and updates the memory of its historical past.

Чешката и словашката следа в България

Author(s): Ivana Srbková / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2023

Book review

Oliver Jens Schmitt, Biserica de stat sau biserica în stat? O istorie a Bisericii Ortodoxe Române (Bucharest: Humanitas, 2023), 457p.

Author(s): SZABÓ Csaba,Dragoş Ursu / Language(s): English Issue: 7/2023

Етническата памет в топонимите на Артануджи (историческа Грузия)

Author(s): Inga Ghutidze / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

Artanuji, the oldest city of Klarjeti, historical Georgia, is within the boundaries of Turkey on the grounds of Kars Treaty (1921). According to the data, gathered through the fieldwork in 2010‒2014, ethnic Georgians were exiled from Artanuji after the World War II. The article deals with the written sources and field data, providing detailed information about the Artanuji population, ethnic Christian Georgians as well as Muslim Georgians. The historical past in this region reminds of itself through the toponyms that appeared in the places of historical Georgia and through the speech of population and covers the history of the ethnic groups. The toponyms attested on the territory of historical Georgia have a great importance for they shed light on a certain period of history and are the only witnesses of Georgian settlement here.

Св. Георги в грузински културен контекст

Author(s): Nino Abakelia / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2023

The article briefly evaluates the vast literature relating to the worship of St. George in Georgia and draws on the ethnographic data collected by the author in the years 1977 to 1987. It explores the worship of St George in the Caucasus Georgia both in the past and present. Consequently, it discusses such categories as religious practice, belonging to the parish and territory, identity and, sharing holy places, epithets of the Saint, hybrid cults, etc. The materials used are: written historical sources, ethnographic data attested in the writings of Christian Missionaries (Christopher Castelli, Jean Chardin, Arcangelo Lamberti, etc.), the ethnographic data gathered (during 2018-19) among Internally displaced persons, and contemporary emic and etic researches undertaken by anthropologists of the 20th and 21st centuries. The argument of the present contribution is based upon a series of ethnographic observances that present traditional feasts of the saint and their transformations in the light of current political processes. Accordingly, detailed ethnographic field data and observations are contextualized in time and space, using the explorations and studies of anthropologists and historians. The article tries to show how once traditional Christian site (lieux de mémoire in Pierre Nora’s sense) with its real environment and with is firm identity is deterritorialized and transformed into a shared place of mixed and ambiguous pilgrimage place through the political processes and hybridization.