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The article deals with legal nature of decision-making in doubt under regulation section 3 paragraph 3 of Law no. 44/1988 Coll., On protection Use of Mineral Resources (Mining Act), as amended. The article analyses existing legislation on the issue. It then examines whether it is possible review such a decision of the Ministry of Industry and Trade in the administrative judiciary.
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The Geographical Names Commission was established at the beginning of the 1930s. It was an advisory board of the Military Geographical Institute which was responsible for the creation of maps in Czechoslovakia between the two world wars. The documents showing the activities of this commission are archived at the secretariat of the current Geographical Names Commission working at the State Administration of Land Surveying and Cadastre in Prague. The commission working in the 1930s was responsible for the correct linguistic form of geographical names (minor place names) used in the maps of Czechoslovakia. This article analyses the standardization of several problematic names (Velička/Velečka, Vsacká/Vsetínská Bečva, Ždánský/ Ždánický les, Hloučela/Hlučela, Olše/Olza, Olšava/Olsava, Vlára/Vlář) on the basis of historical documents. It describes the principles used in this process and compares the forms standardised in the 1930s with the names in the maps and in the usage in the regions today.
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This article is dedicated to the evaluation of water use and management of 12 river water bodies delineated in the Camenca river basin – the biggest tributary of the Prut River in the limits of the Republic of Moldova. The study is based on the approaches and methodology proposed by the EU Water Framework Directive and its methodological guidelines as well as on the national normative documents. The present research was conducted as part of the Camenca river basin management plan and constitutes the basis for the development of the Programme of Measures meant to accomplish the environmental objectives established for water bodies. Considering water use problems in the limits of the pilot basin, in the present research several challenges were identified: intensification of climate change and reduction of water supply; reduced accessibility of the population to aqueducts and the lack of public sewerage systems; significant impact of diffuse pollution on agriculture; a large number of reservoirs in improper conditions. With regards to water resources management, the following issues were revealed: incomplete inventory of water resources and frequent cases of unauthorised water use; low prices for water supply and sewerage services as well as for water use and water pollution, which do not cover water use costs and investments in water resources and aquatic ecosystems protection; insufficient and fragmented subventions in water sector; issues regarding legal framework and adequate exploitation regime of reservoirs, etc.
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Our task is to measure angles for astronomical purposes using a Newtonian telescope and a DSLR camera. The paper includes overview of the construction and imaging of astronomical telescopes, instruments and DSLR cameras.The aim is to go beyond numerical estimations to the determination of real values by measurements. From these measurements various conclusions can be drawn: the variation in the apparent size of the Moon due to its motion in an elliptical orbit, which can be used to infer the eccentricity of the orbit, the ratio of the distance of the perigee and apogee from the focal point, and the determination of the celestial velocity of the Moon, compared with its calculated value.
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The implementation of autonomous vehicles in cities is the future that is now and will change the urban landscape, although it is associated with a number of ethical, social, technical, and economic dilemmas. Additionally, the problem of designing and transforming public spaces with the application of AV is a huge challenge for contemporary urban planning. The following will change: mobility, transport accessibility, space functionality, places for recreation or using micromobility. Conscious identification of significant changes in the city related to the implementation of AV and preparation for the redesign of a part of the city infrastructure provides greater opportunities for the safe coexistence of AV, normal vehicles, pedestrians, and cyclists. An attempt was made to identify important research aspects and international trends in urban transformation in the context of the application of AV. The aim of this research is to determine what the main areas of impact of the introduction of AVs in urban transformation are. The types of autonomous vehicles dedicated to public transport were identified as well as the general characteristics of the solutions implemented around the world. The above research can be used to create a design, and then test and implement the above activities related to the safe use of the areas served by AV, taking into account the new civilization needs. Research will have an implementation value and may form the basis for further considerations on the impact of AV on the urban transformation of the city.
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The article presents ways to use renewable sources of energy in the 19th and early 20th century in the Zagożdżonka River basin (left tributary of the Vistula River). The river basin is located in central Poland, in the south of the Mazowieckie Province Physico-geo- -graphically, it is located within three mesoregions: the Vistula Central Valley, the Kozienice Plain, the Radom Plain. The aim of the study is to reconstruct the location of the renewable energy source receivers. Special attention was paid to the terrain conditions and settlement network. Archival sources were used to perform detailed analyses. The most important sources include archival maps: Topographic Chart of the Kingdom of Poland, Karte des westlichen Rußlands, the tactical map of WIG, The Geographic Dictionary of the Kingdom of Poland and Other Slavic Countries. Thanks to GIS tools, it was possible to reconstruct the location of linear (watercourses), surface (mill ponds, forests), and point objects – water wheels and windmills. Several spatial analyses (density of water wheels and windmills, geomorphological position, density changes) were performed using GIS software. The wind potential (Wind Effect) was also calculated, to which the location of windmills was related. The population density in the water basin was reconstructed, which gave a picture of the socio-economic space. The results of the analyses indicate the dynamic development of milling in the 19th and early 20th century. The reconstruction of the then existing settlement network provided a basis for relating the location of mills to the socio-economic conditions in the river basin. The highest densities of mills were found near the largest towns, e.g. Kozienice, Czarnolas, and Policzna.
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Electoral geography is a relatively new discipline that dates back to the French school (1913). It studies the nature of democratic elections, their conduct and results. In its development, it uses a number of quantitative and qualitative methods, as well as knowledge from many other sciences
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The specifics and upheavals of tourism in recent years worldwide and in Bulgaria is associated with significant fluctuation of the employed in the tourist industry. This brings up the problem of human resource management in tourism as especially current. Human resource management in tourism has a number of specifics that are determined by the features of the tourism industry. They, in turn, determine the specifics of labor in tourism, as well as the specific requirements for employees. At the same time, wages remain low and lead to demotivation and difficult career development. The present report focuses precisely on these specifics
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The material analyzes some very little-known religious sites in Bulgaria. An attempt is made to characterize their accessibility, touristic value and current state. In their geographical position, they are everywhere. They are chosen among many others, which aims to draw attention to such little-known religious sites.
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Today, when natural and cultural heritage elements are exposed to negative effects, transferring cultural heritage elements to future generations in a healthy way, both locally and globally, is an important issue in the urban planning agenda. For this reason, the concept of cultural route emerges as an important planning tool in order to protect cultural heritage elements in a sustainable way and to transfer them to future generations. The goal of creating cultural heritage within a route setup is important both for the conservation of cultural heritage elements and for the formation of an alternative and sustainable tourism movement. Istanbul contains heritage items from various historical periods. For this reason, in this city, which is rich in cultural heritage elements, the construction of a cultural route has an important aspect both for the conservation of the heritage and for the transfer of the heritage to future generations. Since no cultural route has been constructed in the Historical Peninsula until now and the routes organized have the characteristics of a tour route, it is of great importance to look at the subject from the perspective of creating a cultural route. Istanbul Historical Peninsula is an area rich in heritage items belonging to various periods, especially for fresh water supply. In this study, open and closed cisterns, which are among the water heritage elements in the Istanbul Historic Peninsula, were examined and evaluated within the scope of a field study based on GIS analyses in terms of their potential to create a cultural route. It is aimed to increase the visibility of these water heritage elements, whose visibility has decreased in daily life, in spatial planning and to transfer them to future generations by protecting them in a sustainable way. As a result, the most important finding of the research is that the open and closed cisterns in the Historical Peninsula of Istanbul can be evaluated within the scope of a cultural route for water heritage. Accordingly, the creation of a cistern-themed cultural route will create an opportunity to increase the visibility of water heritage elements in a sustainable way and to transfer them to future generations, both in heritage conservation studies and spatial planning studies.
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Palembang City is divided into two regions by the Musi river, and there are 114 tributaries streamed within Palembang City, with 31.58% located in the Seberang Ilir region and 68.42% in the Seberang Ulu region. In the lowland topography of Palembang City, with most of the region below 5 m above mean sea level, flooding becomes repetitive. This paper examines the flooded area within the Bendung river basin using multi-temporal composite remote sensing radar data from Sentinel 1. Flood events in November 2018 and December 2021 were selected. The flood extent and affected populations will be calculated using Google Earth Engine (GEE) and Geographic Information System (GIS) application. In this study, flood extent was delineated and compared for different digital elevation models. It is found that the threshold value, the DEM, and the availability of radar data in conjunction with the flood event will better delineate the affected area to the flood. The DEM contributed a 37.5% to 83% difference in the delineated area calculation. The script in the GEE is customizable for different areas of interest and can be applied to different areas with adjustments to the threshold value that should be a minimum of 1.0 or higher.
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The strategic direction and level of competitiveness of tourism businesses and locations are now determined by the impact of smart technology on the industry. The objective of this article is to showcase the concept of "smartness" by analyzing the latest advancements in wellness technology and exploring the development of smart wellness cities. Through all stages of travel, technology-enabled tourism experiences increasingly assist travelers in co-creating value. Intelligence in the Environment (AmI) Tourism is propelled forward by several emerging technologies. Innovation is used to enhance or help the destination's ecotourism management system. Hotels can accommodate and serve tourists of all levels according to tourist’s expectations. Technological advancements bring together a wide range of stakeholders. Additionally, technological developments bring together a diverse variety of stakeholders in tourism services. Moreover, it enlisted the assistance of all parties, including Chiang Mai public health and the municipal. Smart environments will inevitably transform industry structures, processes, and practices, resulting in consequences on innovation capability, strategic planning, management, marketing, and the competitiveness of all stakeholders.
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The present paper describes the hydrochemical evolution of mineral groundwater in the northeast area of Gardunha mountain (centre region of Portugal) which is formed by low permeability igneous rocks. For this study were considered 50 water samples and analyzed the values of major ions. The methodology used consisted in the use of Piper diagrams that had allowed to identify the water chemistry and in the application of statistical techniques of multivariate analysis, including factor analysis. The results guided to sodium-bicarbonate water type, with very low mineralization, designated by fresh water in relation to total solids and soft in relation to hardness. When using the factor analysis, 4 factors were considered, which explain and identify the origin of the presence of ions and their geochemical processes.
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The paper focuses on evaluation of the current state of designing and realization of railway substructure layers on modernized Slovak railway tracks with the emphasis on an effective use of geosynthetic products. The presented method of intelligent compaction may significantly increase efficiency of design and realization of construction layers with the objective use of geosynthetics and other adjustments at various geological conditions of subgrade.
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The "National Geographic" magazine, which has been published in the United States since the 19th century, appeared on the Polish market in 1999 due to the political transformation that had taken place and led to many changes, also in context of media system, in the country. This magazine, due to its characteristics, belongs to the segment of popular science journals. Its editors aim to spark readers' curiosity about various topics, including outer space. The article presents a formal and content analysis of the periodical as a potential source of information in this area of interest. In addition, it discusses the historical overview of the magazine on the Polish publishing market, statistical data on selected publications, their substantive, cognitive and aesthetic value.
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Ulayat land is traditional West Sumatra land frequently subject to competing demands from various stakeholders, including government agencies, private companies, and local communities. Those demands lead to the need to update geospatial data in the form of land use modeling for further land management purposes. This research used remote sensing technology to develop land use and land cover models based on cellular automata and socio-economic data. This research shows that there will be a significant increase in population in 2030, followed by changes in residential land use. The land use model shows that the use of customary land in most areas is not followed by a change in ownership which shows that tribe rules are still being followed and maintained correctly.
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Rising environmental pressure, new ways of using naturally-based composite materials, as well as technical innovations, has lead manufacturers to application of those materials (with the goal of reducing the consumption of financially demanding, non-recyclable types of reinforcements – e.g., fiberglass). Wood Plastic Composites (WPCs) are a product developed in 1980s. They consist of wood flour (natural fillers), polymer blends and suitable additives (to improve mechanical properties, rheological properties and production process). Technologies of WPC composite materials production frequently include extrusion, injection moulding, pressing (thermoforming), calendaring and fused layer modeming / laser sintering. When choosing a suitable matrix, it is necessary to pay attention to the processing temperature – max. Tmax = 200 °C. At a higher temperature, natural reinforcements are decomposed. The submitted paper includes information about plastic matrices from previous studies and provides comprehensive view in the given area.
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Mangroves have been degraded and converted for decades due to a multitude of factors, ranging from human activity to natural perturbations such as disasters and global warming. Experiments were conducted to determine the impact of fly ash (FA) on the growth of Rhizophora apiculata Blume's (R. apiculate). A completely randomised design (CRD) was employed with D as the control, and nine treatment soil amendments were created from abandoned shrimp pond sediment with rubberwood fly ash (RWFA). These amendments were made by mixing three separate FA samples (A, B, and C) in the ratios of 75:25, 50:50, and 25:75, respectively (A1-A3, B1-B3, and C1-C3), using a total of 200 R. apiculata specimens. The experiment revealed that the addition of FA and its combination had a significant effect on promoting the growth of R. apiculate and improved nutrient availability and retention in the soil. The results of the experiment demonstrate that the effect of Fly Ash (FA) and its combination significantly influence the growth of R. apiculate, impacting the total heights and number of leaves. The most beneficial effect the results of the experiment demonstrate that the effect of fly ash (FA) and its combination significantly influence the growth of R. apiculate, affecting the total height and number of leaves. The most beneficial effects were observed when the optimal proportion of each type of soil amendment was used. The study holds substantial benefits: it introduces a method for improving the soil of shrimp farms through the utilisation of rubberwood fly ash (RWFA) and serves essential nutrients to mangroves. Moreover, implementing this plantation technique can aid in protecting against coastal erosion.
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In today's rapid era of globalisation and internationalisation, it is essential to respond to the changed conditions. Tourism is one of the fastest growing sectors of the economy. In order to remain competitive, it is important to respond to the new challenges that the current situation brings. Every tourist destination is interested in increasing its attractiveness, attracting more tourists, improving its market position and increasing its income. One of the ways to increase attractiveness and improve the promotion of tourist destinations is the method of storytelling. The aim of our paper is to introduce the method of storytelling as an effective tool to promote tourist destinations. In our study, we conclude that this method is effective in attracting new customers and increasing the attractiveness of a given tourist destination. To achieve relevant results, we used the method of analysis, synthesis, literature study, exemplification and generalisation.
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