„Ściana jest niema, a drzwi przemawiają” (G. Simmel). Kilka uwag o topografii spotkania

Author(s): Michał Podstawski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 26/2013

“Meeting” is one of these concepts, which in the most recent philosophy have received significant meaning. In some interpretations it is the instruction to “meet” – so to establish the unmediated relation with the Other – is the factor, which allows to break free from the pressure of the “Hegelian bite” and problems resulting from it. It turns out that the ennoblement of the subject made by the German idealism in fact limited the reality only to its exteriorisation – and thus put into question the possibility of reaching the reality, including the reality of other people. "Meeting" would be the bridge thanks to which this reach (again) becomes possible. However, it seems that speaking about the “meeting” we still too rarely think about the prerequisites, which must be met, so that the subject can open itself to accept the Other. This is an important analysis because, first of all, it allows to judge whether the whole project of the postphenomenological philosophy can be defended in the practical perspective, and secondly – it is a key indicator that allows the further development of the human thought. It turns out that for the elementary human experience the “meeting” is not an excess, and the opening to what is unusual is the natural element of the existence of human cultures. And this instruction should be used in today’s philosophizing – in order to overcome the basic aporias of modernity with its edge.

„Šetam da ne emigriram!1“: aktivizam i emigracija iz perspektive učesnika protesta Protiv diktature

Author(s): Jelisaveta Vukelić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 44/2018

The aim of this paper is to examine the characteristics of the relationship between political activism and plans for emigration among the participants of the protest Against dictatorship. A survey of the protest participants was conducted in three cities - Belgrade, Nis and Subotica (N = 175), during the spring of 2017. The paper starts from the “exit-voice” theoretical model, developed by economist Albert Hirschman (1970). Applied in a political context, this model links political activism and emigration plans in a way that – if there is a room for publicly expressed dissatisfaction – the propensity for emigration is lower. On the other hand, in the case of high dissatisfaction with social circumstances and the inability to influence them through available mechanisms of political participation, a number of citizens will decide to emigrate. The findings show that the participants of the protest Against dictatorship are more politically active than the overall population. They sign petitions more often, they protest, strike, contact government officials and donate money for different purposes. In other words, the Protest participants represent the core of the active citizenship in Serbia. However, they also take into consideration the possibility of leaving the country. The majority of respondents thought about this option; emigrating is particularly attractive to young people, students and the employed. Considering the importance of the active citizenship for the development of democracy, the high tendency for emigration among the Protest participants is worrisome. Although the more flexible forms of political activism (participation in protests, occupation of public spaces, strikes, etc.) – contrary to expectations – did not show statistically significant relation with emigration plans, the active engagement through political organizations distinguished itself as a factor reducing the chances of moving abroad, which partly confirms the assumptions derived from Hirschman’s theoretical model.

„Świat Słowiański” [1905–1914]

Author(s): Leszek Gawor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2004

„Żeby wierszowi chodziło o życie”. Liryka Bogusława Kierca

Author(s): Karol Maliszewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2 (26)/2018

The author of this article analyzes the poetry of Bogusław Kierc, a poet from Wrocław, pointing to the separateness and originality of this artist. Originality is revealed in risky and bold themes and a form that is a combination of something avant-garde with something very traditional. The language used by the poet, concerning ultimate and mystical problems, captivates with harmonious, musical finesse. Pictures in this poetry are seen, heard and experienced. The hero of these poems sees in his somatic and erotic experiences the source of potential mysticism, the possibility of approaching transcendence.

„Žemės menas“ ir fenomenologinė intersubjektyvios percepcinės vaizduotės struktūra

Author(s): Mindaugas Briedis / Language(s): Lithuanian Issue: 3/2015

This article brings together two levels of analysis. Part of it is dedicated to the conceptual analysis of one particular kind of imaginative intentionality, i. e. E. Husserl’s perceptual phantasy. After the structure of this specific type of imagination is described, it is used to shift the phenomenological perspective to the public areas of the city, particularly those which are constituted by means of “Art of the Earth”. What we get is an intriguing intersubjective apprehension of public perceptual figments, which serve as a transcendental ground for empirical communication between citizens of the city.

„Ziarno prawdy” jako nieklasyczna narracja spiskowa

Author(s): Beata Koper,Jakub Misun / Language(s): Polish Issue: 02/2016

The article outlines possible links between three types of narrative: conspiracy, critical and crime narratives. The basic methodological assumption here is that questions need to be asked about how a narrative works rather than about what genre it represents. The essay’s thesis raises questions about the need to change our understanding of the role of conspiracy theories in reconstructing the causes and courses of events. The authors argue in support of conspiracy theory as a potential narrative, because they find nothing particular in its means of reasoning that would allow us to draw a distinct boundary between conspiracy theory and critical theory within the meaning proposed by Bruno Latour. A crime narrative – Zygmunt Miłoszewski’s novel Grain of Truth – is used as a tool to analyse the functioning of a conspiracy narrative in the detective story. Utilising the division into classical and non-classical conspiracy meta-narratives proposed by Franciszek Czech, the authors of the article ask questions about the limits of the detective’s rational conduct, and the sources of his hypotheses and means of argumentation.

„Život u senci apokaliptičkog ruleta“: Razgovor sa Svetozarom Stojanovićem

Author(s): Aleksandar Nikitović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 3/2010

Progress and invention of apocalyptic means have brought mankind to rad- ically new situation of possible self-destruction. Living in a shadow of selfapoca- lypse rises new basic dilemmas and questions of understanding of the sense of hu- man actions and poses as most important goal the sole existance of humankind. Could ethics as we know it today and modern political philosophy find the answer to chalenges of ’apocalyptic roulette’ which humankind is facing today, or we need entirely new principles of politicial organization, is crucial question to which we need to find the proper answer.

„Zły” jako wyzwanie dla etyki

Author(s): Paweł Miech / Language(s): Polish Issue: 56/2012

Zły podmiot jest wyzwaniem dla filozofii moralnej. Etyka nie jest w stanie uznać realnej możliwości istnienia podmiotu moralnego, który byłby permanentnie i samoistnie zły. Uznanie tej możliwości wydaje się przeczyć podstawowym elementom definicji podmiotu moralnego, która stwierdza wszakże, że podmiot ten cechuje racjonalność, zdolność do uświadomienia sobie zobowiązań moralnych i wolność, która umożliwia mu poniesienie odpowiedzialności za własne poczynania. Jeśli zgodzimy się, że podmiot moralny jest z zasady świadomy prawa moralnego – musimy uznać, że jest on potencjalnie przynajmniej zdolny działania moralnego. Godząc się na tą logikę dochodzimy do wniosku, iż nawet w dogłębnie zepsutym i zdegenerowanym podmiocie istnieje potencjał do poprawy, istnieje pewien moralnie chwalebny element (np. rozum, wolność, odpowiedzialność). Zło podmiotu jest więc jedynie pewną słabością, niedoskonałością poznania lub działania wynikającą z subiektywnych lub społecznych uwarunkowań.

„Zwierzęta musiały być czujne”

Author(s): Arkadiusz Górnisiewicz,Joanna Bednarek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 752/2018

„Бесове“: психиатрия, антропология, метафизика

Author(s): Nina Ivanova Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The proposed text discusses the adequacy of the psychiatric interpretation of Dostoevsky’s works, and especially of his novel “The Devils”. The author analyses the views of the most popular literary critics insisting on the psychopathological characters as an expression of the inner life of Dostoevsky himself, as well as some Russian psychiatric texts on the same topic. The main idea of the article is that the pathology of Dostoevsky’s fictional characters is rooted in the spiritual – and not in the psychological – sphere and despite the close resemblance between some clinical cases and the behavior of these characters, the latter is due to the conception of the demonic mangodhood and its different incarnations.

„Богомилски легенди” на Николай Райнов – неразчетената мистификация

Author(s): Violeta Ruseva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

Bogomilski legendi (Legends of the Bogomils) by Nikolai Rainov is a unique book that can be said to have Protean qualities insofar as each of its four editions, published in 1912, 1918, 1938 and 1989, presents a different version of the text. Because of this peculiarity readers’ responses to the book have tended to vary, and even commentaries by professional literary critics have often given the impression of being about totally different books rather than about different editions of the same text. Rainov edited Bogomilski legendi extensively. The book’s four editions differ in a number of significant ways but are best approached as a composite text. This article links the book’s Protean textuality to medieval manuscript culture in which a text existed in several different versions because it was copied by different scribes. The first edition of Bogomilski legendi contains intertextual references to the Bible and The Secret Book of the Bogomils. It also invokes a number of medieval apocrypha which were subsequently brought to the attention of the Bulgarian reading public by the literary historian Yordan Ivanov, who published his Bogomilski knigi i legendi (Books and Legends of the Bogomils) in 1925. The correspondences between the first edition of Rainov’s book and the apocrypha suggest that Bogomilski legendi may be read as a literary mystification. The article presents such a reading.

„Византийското богословие през ІV век“

Author(s): Nina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2016

Review of Ivan Hristov's book, published in 2016.

„Властта на малкия човек“ – сурово, но честно предупреждение за нашествието на един опасен социален вид

Author(s): Alexander Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

Review of Doncho Gradev's book "The Power of the Little Man"

„Граници на биоетиката” (Кънева, Валентина 2013, Граници на биоетиката, София, УИ „Св. Климент Охридски” /174 с./)

Author(s): Nedjalka Videva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2013

CRITICISM AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

„Да и Не" на Пиер Абелар в контекста на диалектиката и херменевтиката на дванадесети век

Author(s): Christine Latif / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 11/2005

Hermeneutics of Abelard, known as "the knight of the Medieval ages" is a key for the whole scholastics and the philosophy of the West. The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how Abelard shows his hermeneutics in his attempt to solve the problem concerning the controversial statements of the Church Fathers as it is described in the prologue of his treatise "Sic et Non". The paper also presents the influence of the histiriographical and dialectical viewes and the new historical viewes which is of a great importance in his work. Abelard begins his prologue with with the reservation that, it should be not judged rashly about all the controversial statements of the saints. Abelard uses a few arguments to prove his thesis: a lack of grace in the understanding, difference in the usage of the words, errors in the copyng and translation, errers due to lack sufficient knowledge. Before one would say that a statement of that kind is wrong, one must know the dialectics, grammer, theology, language of the original text and history. Abelard says that there is nothing wrong in Gospel. How could we explain the errors in Gospel without doing a whole destruction of the authorities? There are errors which were made by the scribes. Abelard says that sometimes not the scribe is wrong but the authority itself. The saint is not guilty in his aim but he is guilty in the eyes of those who analyze the text too mechanically. That is how Abelard sets limits to the rights of the authorities without destroying their hierarchy. The book is not the first systematical explanation of the controversial statements of the saints. It is the second treatise where it is said that in the writings of the Holy Fathers a contradiction could take place. Abelard describes in the prologue some kind of rules to be followed and examined in every searching of the truth. In this point of view Abelard points out the main reasons for which the Christianity should strive. The aim of Abelard is to approbate the dialectical methods. This is the reason why there are no answers but only rules that could be useful in the attempt at finding the answers. The treatise is a practical manual for everybody who has problems in understanding a text and who has sufficient knowledge and power, and also skills to solve them.

„Дон Kихот“ като трактат за реалността

(въз основа на „Размишления върху „Дон Кихот“)

Author(s): Javier San Martín / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

Referring to some of the basic ideas of “Reflections on Don Quixote”, Javier San Martin analyzes the philosophical approach of Ortega to the book “Don Quixote” by Cervantes. The article presents the intertextuality of the “Reflections” and explicates three different notions of reality deriving from various cultural and historical periods. According to the article’s author Ortega appreciates “Don Quixote" as metanarrative of Modernity, because the mind is presented in the novel as a problem in itself.

„Европеец” И.В. Киреевского: сравнительный анализ европейского и российского просвешения

Author(s): Vladimir D. Zhukockiy / Language(s): Russian Issue: 5/2005

The subject of the present article is the analysis of the main ideological assumptions of the founder of the Slavophil intellectual movement, Ivan Kireyevsky. In the article, one can read about the syncretic character of the Russian culture, which was described by Kireyevsky in "The European" - a magazine which he himself edited and published. According to Kireyevsky the truth can only be achieved through a comparative analysis of the intentions of the European and Russian spirits. At the same time, in his early works, he sympathizes with the Western culture presenting it as a model to be followed by the East.

„За“ обяснителната фундаменталност на диспозиционните обяснения

Author(s): Dimitar Elchinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2019

I argue that dispositional explanations which explain researchers’ behaviour are explanatory fundamental. In summary, my argument states the following: 1)an explanation which explains another explanation is fundamental; 2)non-dispositional explanations are actions; 3)dispositional explanations explain actions; 4)thus dispositional explanations are fundamental

„Идентичност и нормативност” (Гьошев, Христо, 2013, Идентичност и нормативност, София, „НБУ” /264 с./)

Author(s): Iassen Zahariev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2013

CRITICISM AND BIBLIOGRAPHY

„Интерферентната култура“: геополитика на маргиналния феномен

Author(s): Corneliu Bîlbă / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 44/1/2015

A former professor at the University of Amsterdam and currently a professor at the University of Bucharest, Sorin Alexandrescu is not only a specialist in semiotics, literary criticism, narratology, and poetics, but also a reputed historian of Romanian modernity. His studies of cultural history, such as Romanian Paradox (1998), Looking backward: Modernity (1999) or Identity in Rupture (2000), analyze the founding moments of modern Romanian culture with concepts and methods derived from cultural discourse theory, Foucauldian archeology or textual deconstruction. In this article, I analyze Sorin Alexandrescu’s discourse of method, which can be found in the prefaces of his books on Romanian intellectual history. Dealing with some methodological issues forged by Nietzsche, Foucault, and Ricoeur, Alexandrescu proposes perspectivism as a general strategy of cultural studies. He refutes the sanctifi cation of culture by modern historiography since that sanctification makes impossible a critical reflection on oneself. Such a critical approach does accept breaks, discontinuities, ruptures and Otherness; it allows to look at oneself through the eyes of the other. This does not mean defining Romanian culture as marginal but as interference culture since the distinction between center and periphery is perspectival. Alexandrescu admits that his method for analyzing the discursive strategies of modern cultural historiography is not only a form of resistance, but also (could be) a form of power-knowledge. His metahistorical reflection is a kind of self-analysis, a hermeneutics of the subject in which one can learn how to resist Foucault.