Debata Samuela P. Huntingtona z Francisem Fukuyamą

Author(s): Kamil Szymański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 16/2015

Reviewed is Francis Fukuyama’s theory of the “end of history” formulated in the context of Samuel Huntington’s criticism contained in his essay “No Exit –The Errors of Endism”. Presented are the differences in the perception of the “end of history” by these authors and other critics of the theory as formulated with reference to Hegel. Pointed out are some similarities in the often mutually contrasting conceptions advanced by Huntington and Fukuyama.

Sprawozdanie: Otwarte Seminarium Filozoficzno-Psychiatryczne "Diagnozy Współczesności", Lublin, 12-13 listopada 2015

Author(s): Andrzej Kapusta / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2016

Guillaume Apollinaire et Faik Konica : une amitié et une collaboration de caractère européen et balkanique

Author(s): Luan Starova / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2017

In 1903, on the road of exile, Albanian prolific and versatile author Faik Konica met a kindred spirit, Guillaume Apollinaire. The chronicle the latter published on 20 August 1903 in L'Européen Weekly and entitled War on French words in Germany would become the starting point of almost a decade of correspondence between the two men of letters. These relations would take place in a period that would become significant for their future development. In fact, their cordiality would go so far that Apollinaire would visit Konica and stay at his London home on two occasions (in November 1903 and in May 1904). Apollinaire had understood well the “double persona” Faik Konica used in his literary work: one pseudonym for his works directed towards European aestheticism, and another for the ones directed towards Balkan militancy. Konica wanted to anchor his homeland Albania in Europe, and to bring it back to where it rightfully belonged after five centuries of Orientalisation in Ottoman Asia, meeting on his way the poetry magician of Europe and of the “aesthetic of differences”. The result of the effort was that relations between Apollinaire and Konica were not random and anecdotal. They derived from deep affinities that could not be neglected. The friendship of these two “uproots” could develop and could last so long only because of the European dream they both shared.

Интенционалност и съзнание: опит за разбулване на мистичното преживяване като ординарно неинтенционално съзнание

Author(s): Petar Radoev Dimkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Perhaps the most widely accepted definition of consciousness is the one that it has an intentional directedness: it is a consciousness of something, an objective consciousness (Brentano, Husserl). Husserl speaks of the existence of such contents of consciousness, which are objectless, unintentional. Mystical experience is a concept which includes idiosyncratic experiences of union with a deity or a principle, a union with a variety of unique traits. In this article, an attempt is made to define mystical experience as an experience which consists of unintentional content of consciousness. In this way, mystical experience can be demystified and revealed as an ordinary state of consciousness, a consciousness inherent only to man. The positives of the experience are not negated but rather from the theoretical perspective of the discipline of neurotheology mystical experience is defined as an ordinary human state, even in the face of the difficulties of its definition and description.

Czarne słońce i błądzące planety – wokół „El Desdichado” Nervala

Author(s): Piotr Śniedziewski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2016

This article explores the metaphor of the black sun in Gérard de Nerval’s works, in particular the famous sonnet ‘El Desdichado’ and the autobiographical fiction ‘Aurelia’. The French writer uses this metaphor in a variety of contexts (astronomical, religious, solar) in order to signal a melancholy crisis, which characterizes not only the lyrical subject in the sonnet or the narrator in the story, but also the writer himself. Śniedziewski points out the fact that Nerval’s metaphor, though it carries a distinctively subjective mark, also appears in many other works (by writers such as Jean-Paul, Heine, Gautier, Hugo) and is inscribed into Romantic attempts to define depressive states.

Sny, świadomość i jaźń: perspektywa filozoficzna

Author(s): Jennifer M. Windt / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2016

This article outlines the state of research on dreams and dreaming. Windt proposes a new structure to describe conscious experiences while dreaming. Building on methodological and theoretical achievements in the natural sciences as well as philosophy, she indicates new directions for the development of a philosophical theory of dreaming and related concepts of dreaming, wakefulness and consciousness. Windt discusses the phenomenology of dreaming as well as the relations between the sleeping physical body and the sleeping ‘I’. This allows her to explore alternative states of consciousness and their relationship to dreams and dreaming.

Polityczne doświadczenie obrazu. O "Obrazie krytycznym (obrazie krytyki)" Georgesa Didi-Hubermana

Author(s): Andrzej Leśniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 5/2016

In ‘Critical Image/Image of Criticism,’ Georges Didi-Huberman presents the phenomenon of negative dialectics as a turning point in the entire philosophical tradition. According to this new interpretation, negative dialectics allows us to rethink the image as a critical instance. The French philosopher offers a commentary on Adorno’s concept, but he also outlines a vision for a critical practice at whose centre we have images of a practice that goes beyond the dichotomy of engagement and non-engagement. Images provoke strong affective reactions, allowing us to define our own position with respect to reality, and this is why they can be said to enable politically meaningful experiences. Didi-Huberman’s attempt to relate visuality and politics is consistent with the ever more urgent necessity he sees, across his output, to think about the political as an essential horizon for intellectual activity.

Sploty

Author(s): Przemysław Czapliński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Czapliński presents new research in the humanities of the last decade, identifying general deficiencies (mostly methodological ones) and general functions (the intertwining of researcher and subject, of the humanities with science, of science with society).

Nowa humanistyka w Polsce: wstępne koniektury i refutacje

Author(s): Ryszard Nycz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Nycz outlines the main trends in the New Humanities in the world – digital humanities, engaged humanities, cognitive humanities, posthumanism, art based research, as well as the main debates and misunderstandings that have emerged in the Polish context over the last decade. The evolution of ways of thinking and research is exemplified in literary-cultural studies, CTL. This acronym stands for various notions from cultural theory of literature to cultural-textual literacy.

Literaturoznawstwo jako nauka. Nowe szanse, stare zagrożenia

Author(s): Andrzej Skrendo / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

Skrendo explores the scientific status of research in the humanities. Looking at the problem from a historical perspective, he reaches back to the anti-positivist turn and argues that the transformation that began at that time was about finding a common ground for all sciences. From a theoretical perspective, Skrendo’s argument draws on constructivist approaches, broadly understood, from Fleck and Kuhn to Luhmann and Latour. These researchers help us develop non-positivist approaches to the humanities’ scientific assumptions and goals.

Хегел и Байрон. Диалог между „Феноменология на духа“ и мистерията „Каин“

Author(s): Deyan Penchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This article discuss the relationship between stoicism, scepticism and unhappy consciousness in Hegel’s “Phenomenology of Spirit” and George Byron’s play “Cain”. The Byron’s biblical hero Cain, a son of Adam and Eve, raises a number of philosophical questions and like Hegel’s concept of scepticism, revolt against the established heavenly norms and laws. Through the knowledge that comes from Lucifer and like Hegel’s unhappy consciousness, Cain reaches the self-consciousness for himself.

Моделиране на истината в логическото пространство

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

This statue will pose the question for the truth beyond language constituents in its defining and achieving and from this point toward its modeling grounded above all on cognitive parameters. The concrete solution will be searched concerning Wittgenstein’s conception, offered in Tractatus Logico-Philosophicus, for the “truth-conditions” of a proposition in logical space as its “representing relation” and for the way through which the proposition structures logical space. We will search whether this will be a legitimate version of a “logic of truth” in the sense of Kant, and which elements of Kantian logical project can be applied for the division of logical space for the cognition of an object and its cognitive dislocation in logical universum, exactly from the point of view of the whole cognitively and objectively formed universum. How we can outline the approaches, the algorithm of a “real-objective” calculation of the object value in the logical space.

Красотата и любовта в света на Владимир Соловьов

Author(s): Dobromir Dobrev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

Vladimir Solovyov has his own unique presence in the philosophical discourse of beauty and love. His endeavor to achieve integrity and completeness in the reincarnation of nature and man is reflected in the presented article.

From Global to Alter-Globalist Art History

Author(s): Piotr Piotrowski / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

The author presents a recent discussion on “global art history,” posing some specific questions, whether and in what way it could be created, what is the role of art historical post-colonial studies in such a project, as well as the so called comparative art history, especially dealing with a history of East European art. However, in the concluding remarks he suggests an alternative approach to the issue, called the alter-globalist art history, which at the same time would be a critique of the global Western cultural hegemony (though, different than post-colonial perspective), and the activist contribution to the constitution of contemporary political condition of the world, called “the global agoraphilia.”

Posthumanism and Its Animal Voices in Literature

Author(s): Anna Barcz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2015

In the article posthumanism is not only presented but also seen from the perspective of literary studies and human-animal relationship. The author follows Cary Wolfe.s What is posthumanism? and analyses what consequences this criticism on human subjectivity would have when applied to animal narratives and animal characters mainly in Kafka, Bulgakov and Rilke. These writers use anthropomorphism to represent nonhuman animals but, simultaneously, they seem to decentralise human experience. Since changing perspective and giving voice to other animals is well recognised in literature, the article sheds light on what is the relation with posthumanist narrative.

Prečo "σοφία" v Sir 6,22? Disciplína cesty za múdrosťou.

Author(s): Pavel Prihatný / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Present short essay aims to point out consistency in utilising wisdom terminology in Hebrew text of the Book of Ben Sira (Ben Sira) as well as in its Greek translation by the grandson (Sirach). Both of them, especially Sirach, work in strongly Hellenistic context and this fact influences methodologies they apply in their common effort which consists in fortifying their tribesmen in faith and in exposing them the teaching about authentic wisdom. Essay presents and endeavours to prove this methodology as used in the Poem of the sixth chapter of the Book.

Múdrosť a múdry: O poznaní a nepoznaní

Author(s): James L. Crenshaw / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Contemporary researchers have cast considerable light on the limits of ancient knowledge imposed from outside the human intellect. As for obstacles to learning from within, modern interpreters have yet to give an adequate analysis of students' resistance, despite translations of Sumerian and Egyptian scribal texts and corresponding comments in Sirach. A constant complaint runs through these school texts that some students resisted all effort to educate them. Also, a section in Sirach dealing with difficulties confronting teachers and students demonstrates the extent of affinities between Egyptian and Israelite wisdom literature. Ben Sira concentrates on irksome aspects of learning, using images from agricultural labor and recalling the desirable season of harvest. In trying to understand why so many obstacles stand between learner and a desired goal, Ben Sira suggests that knowledge plays a game of hide and seek, testing students to determine whether or not they deserve any reward. The paper offers the answer to the question: “Did biblical scholars think of knowledge as an achievement or a gift?”

Benedikt z Canfieldu, Rugula perfectionis III, predhovor; I; X-XI

Author(s): / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2017

Slovak translation from Latin original edition with footnotes: „Regulae Perfectionis. Tertia pars. De voluntate essentiali, quae circa vitam supereminentem versatur“, I. cap. „Quaod voluntas Dei Essentialis a Deo nihil differat, eiusdemque cum voluntate interiore discrepantia“, X. cap. „De impedimentis huiusce annihilationis : deque subtilissimis, occultissimisque imperfectionibus contemplationis“ and XI. cap „De duplici genere annihilationis utriusque discrepantia qualiterque ad duplicem amorem faciat“ from book of Benedict of Canfield titled as „Regula perfectionis“ (Norimberg 1741, pp. 270 – 298, 364 – 392).

Czy można nie być naturalistą?

Author(s): Kamil Trombik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 63/2017

Book review of: J. Woleński, Wykłady o naturalizmie, Wydawnictwo Naukowe UMK, Toruń 2016, pp. 226.

Psycholinguistics and the Search for Extraterrestrial Intelligence

Author(s): Lidija Krotenko / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2017

The author of the article reveals the possibilities of psycholinguistics in the identification and interpretation of languages and texts of Alien Civilizations. The author combines modern interdisciplinary research in psycholinguistics with the theory “Evolving Matter” proposed by Oleg Bazaluk and concludes that the identification of languages and texts of Alien Civilizations, as well as the communication of terrestrial civilization with Extraterrestrial Intelligence, is in principle possible. To that end, it is necessary to achieve the required level of the modeling of neurophilosophy and to include these achievements of modern psycholinguistics studies: а) language acquisition; b) language comprehension; c) language production; d) second language acquisition. On the one hand, the possibilities of neurophilosophy to accumulate and model advanced neuroscience research; on the other hand, highly specialized psycholinguistic studies in language evolution are able to provide the communication of terrestrial civilization with Extraterrestrial Intelligence.