7.50 €
Preview
We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The following text aims to offer and illustrate a new concept for grasping the phenomenon of conspiracy theories. Based on field research in the form of semi-structured interviews and previous research, it provides a triadic schema for navigating the conspiracy landscape and understanding the transformations and functions that conspiracy theories provide to their adherents. After introducing the topic, the first part of the text briefly summarises previous research relevant to the article and describes the theoretical position on which it is based. Subsequently, it uses H. S. Versnel’s schema to introduce the three levels of meaning of conspiracy narratives: substantivist, functionalist, and cosmological. It then concludes by reflecting on the possible applications of this framework and its relevance for future research.
More...
The text is an attempt to analyze „the modernist premises of postmodernism in light of postmodern perspectives on modernism” or, put more simply, the interdependence of these two historical phenomena. The argument focuses on a variety of modernist approaches: in physics (quantum mechanics), in literary theory (new criticism), in philosophy (existentialism), across psychoanalytic theories and practices (sexual revolution), and across Soviet social and intellectual trends, such as “collectivism” and “materialism.” All these trends manifest the phenomenon of “hyper” in its first stage, which is constituted by the revolutionary overthrow of the “classic” paradigm and an assertion of a “true, essential reality,” or “superreality.” In the second stage, the same phenomena are realized and exposed as “pseudo-realities” thus marking the transformation of “hyper” itself, its inevitable transition from the modernist to the postmodernist stage, from “super” to “pseudo.” The author argues that the development of the twentieth-century cultural paradigm depends on a necessary connection between these two stages of the “super” and the “pseudo.” The concept of “hyper” highlights not only the lines of continuity between modernism and postmodernism, but also the parallel developments in Russian and Western postmodernisms as reactions to and revisions of a common “revolutionary” legacy.
More...
Iwona Alechnowicz-Skrzypek’s aim in this paper is to compare the two nonspecific Neo Kantians, admittedly both representing critical realism. Nicolai Hartmann, a follower of the Marburg School, was an idealist before becoming a critical realist, while Richard Hönigswald, a student of Alois Riehl, held on to the position of critical realism from the beginning of his philosophical career. There are many similarities between Hartmann and Hӧnigswald in terms of their understanding of the concept of realism. There are also several differences, which mostly relate to how they addressed the question of the thingin-itself. The most important difference concerns their solution of the problem of empirical data as a basis for the mental representation of objects. A comparison of Hartmann’s and Hönigswald’s approaches to this problem helps us to understand why both are considered non-specific neo-Kantians.
More...
The present article reviews the Polish-language edition of Gottlob Frege’s scientific correspondence. In the article, I discuss the material hitherto unpublished in Polish in relation to the remainder of Frege’s works. First of all, I inquire into the role and nature of definitions. Then, I consider Frege’s recognition criteria for sameness of thoughts. In the article’s third part, I study letters devoted to the principle of semantic compositionality, while in the fourth part I discuss Frege’s remarks concerning the context principle.
More...
Tracing the themes of political economy in Nietzsche’s thought, this article has two main purposes. The first of these is to problematize some narratives such as eternal return, will to power, and revaluation of values, which are the crucial concepts of Nietzsche’s thought, in the critique of political economy. The second is to re-read Nietzsche’s themes of political economy in conjunction with the concept of the virtual political economy of life, to link Nietzsche’s ‘grand politics’ with the overshadowed concept of ‘grand economy’ by making the move that put Nietzsche’s hammer on the idols of the established grammar of political economy. All of these themes are part of an economy of power that goes against the grasp of economics and political economy by grammatical thought. I call this political economy the virtual political economy of life.
More...
The general commercialization of all spiritual fields in modern society removes them from the sphere of the sacred and turns them into a commodity. Art loses autonomy and identity, becomes indistinguishable from non-art, and all its evaluations outside the sphere of the market are relativized and illegitimate due to the lack of aesthetic norms. The article examines the market and social mechanisms that replace aesthetic criteria in the evaluation of contemporary collectible art.
More...
The article examines the last novel of Pavel Vezhinov–Libra (1982), which in a narrower sense also culminates the last, clearly separated period/section in the writer’s work–the philosophical-scientific one (after the novel The Barrier, 1976). Here, the novel’s fiction masks in a highly stripped-down fashion a central scientific theory, both civilizational and biological–of human evolution as devolution. Part of a larger study, the article discusses the P. Vezhinov’s radical anti-humanist criticism in the broad context of late modern philosophical skepticism (Heidegger, Deep Ecology) and its autochthonous reflections in Bulgarian literature during the second half of the twentieth century.
More...
The essay is dedicated to Bogomil Raynov's story Roads to Nowhere and the script of the film “The White Room” based on it. Through parallels with examples of existentialist literature and authors such as J.-P. Sartre and A. Camus, it is shown that the work bears the marks of a literary work created with the pathos of existentialism, which encodes the main stages and dimensions of rebellion (metaphysical, political, artistic). The role of the color white, internal monologue, movement, detail, and the convergent-divergent effect obtained from the use of the second person in the narrative is emphasized. The external signs of chaos and awareness of the absurd are sought. The thesis is defended that with the story Raynov in his way reaches the idea of the conscious choice of responsibility and human solidarity of Je me révolte, donc nous sommes (I rebel, therefore we are!) of Camus.
More...
The article discusses regulations concerning the crimes of killing and abusing animals in the Polish legal system. The provisions of the Regulation of the President of the Republic of Poland of March 22, 1928 and the Act on the Protection of Animals of August 21, 1997 are analyzed. The following topics are discussed: the history of the provisions on crimes against animals, the subject of protection of the provisions of the Act on the Protection of Animals, along with considerations regarding the subjectivity of animals. The subject-matter of crimes that fall within this category is also considered, i.e., a description of the premises which make it possible to classify a given act as a crime. The subject of prohibited acts as well as the subjective side in the form of the perpetrator’s motivation are analyzed as well.
More...
The text is a review of Aleksandra Ubertowska’s book, Historie biotyczne. Pomiędzy estetyką a geotraumą [Biotic histories. Between aesthetics and geotrauma]. The starting point becomes the biocentric lens applied by the researcher and the geo-story behind it. Equally interesting and important are the possibilities of ecocritical theories in interpretation and their application in the Polish ground.
More...