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Ocenianie wypowiedzi pisemnej na egzaminie certyfikacyjnym z języka angielskiego (poziom B2) – analiza jakościowa wyników badania projakościowego

Author(s): Jolanta Sujecka-Zając,Radosław Kucharczyk / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to reflect on the method of assessing the B2 English writing subtest in the context of English certification exams administered by the University of Warsaw Council for the Certification of Language Proficiency. The paper starts with a brief discussion of two types of assessment: holistic and analytical. Next, the results of a qualitative study conducted among the raters of the English language certification exams are presented. The aim of the study – of a pro-quality nature – was to determine which of the two types of assessment (analytical vs holistic) results in a more reliable and accurate assessment of candidates’ language skills.

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Introducing interactive speaking tasks to improve the construct coverage of a test: A welcome change for test users?

Author(s): Monika Sobejko / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

The paired format of a speaking test appears to offer a more interactionally symmetric alternative to traditionally used Oral Proficiency Interviews (OPIs) (e.g., Lazaraton, 1992, 1996; van Lier, 1989). This article focuses on two paired tasks, a simulated discussion and a problem-solving task, which have been developed to enhance the construct of the speaking test which is currently used at the Jagiellonian Language Centre at the Jagiellonian University.

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(Nie)uczciwość akademicka polskich studentów a poświadczanie kwalifikacji

Author(s): Agnieszka M. Sendur / Language(s): English,Polish Publication Year: 0

Examination malpractice is claimed to be a problem in Polish schools and universities. What is the actual scale of academic dishonesty among Polish higher education students and what seems to be its causes? What kind of actions do Polish students consider dishonest and which of them are not assigned to this category? The article describes a survey on academic integrity conducted at Polish higher education institutions and presents conclusions relevant to certification purposes.

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Ukrajinistika na Masarykově univerzitě

Author(s): Halina Myronova / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Je známo, že ukrajinistika v české kultuře má dlouhou, skoro dvousetletou tradici, jejíž počátky jsou spojeny zejména s reakcí řady významných představitelů českého národa na ukrajinské obrozenecké hnutí (např. F. Palacký, P. J. Šafařík, K. Havlíček Borovský aj.). Začátek minulého století se v tehdejším společném státě Čechů a Slováků vyznačoval prohloubeným vědeckým zájmem o studium ukrajinského jazyka, což souviselo s připojením Podkarpatské Rusi k Československu. Především za podpory prezidenta T. G. Masaryka byl v roce 1922 založen Slovanský ústav, jehož jedna komise měla za cíl studium jazyka, kultury a ekonomiky Slovenska a Podkarpatské Rusi.

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Summary - Department of Slavonic Studies. Starting Points and Perspectives

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This volume has its roots in the brochure published on the occasion of the tenth anniversary of the Department of Slavonic Studies (2005)1 summarizing its previous development. The department came into being in 1995 though its predecessors under various names, e. g. Slavonic Seminar or partial departments or sections belonging to wider entities dealing with individual Slavonic languages and literatures, have never ceased to exist since 1919.

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Jméno Jan v průběhu 12.–21. století na území dnešní České republiky

Author(s): Jana Pleskalová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The author investigates the first name Jan (John), its modifications and usage on the territory of today’s Czech Republic. On the basis of rich anthroponymic sources she has proved that the name Jan has belonged among the most frequently used names in the Czech lands since the 12th century and has kept this status to the present day. Numerous hypocoristic modifications of this name have served the purpose of distinguishing individuals bearing the same official name. Today, they still exist as both surnames (Janáček, Janda) and hypocoristic forms of first names (Jenda, Honzík) used in informal contexts.

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Morava jako multietnický organismus: problémy jazyka a identity v letech 1848–1918

Author(s): Jiří Malíř / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

The study deals with the development of linguistic, ethnic and international relationships in Moravia in 1848–1918 and their specific features. The focus is mainly on the complex relationships between Czech-speaking and German-speaking inhabitants of Moravia and the aspects that played a key role in them. These included a complicated settlement situation given by the mixing of Czech and German inhabitants (the numerous ‘German linguistic islands’), the economic influence of Jewish inhabitants on international relations in linguistically diverse cities, the impact of social and economic status of various groups of inhabitants on their voting and political participation, the unevenness in the promotion of national identity and the effects of Czech-German international compromise of 1905. The application of the principle of personal autonomy led to alleviation of international tensions as well as an increased demand for legal determination of nationality.

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ON STRATEGIES FOR TRANSLATION OF CULTURE-SPECIFIC ITEMS

Author(s): Micaela Ţaulean / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Every language bearer is a rotten culture, so the lingual expression in communication is an expression of national culture. Language serves culture, but it does not determine it. For translators, representing the stereotype of a nation for another culture is an extremely difficult task. The author focuses on the problems that arise during the translation of cultural specific elements (CIS) from English into Romanian or Russian. The aim of this study is to describe the different areas of cultural knowledge that contribute to the competence of the translator.

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SUBSTANTIVISCHE OKKASIONALISMEN UND IHRE FUNKTIONEN IN DER NOVELLE „DIE ENTDECKUNG DER CURRY-WURST“ VON UWE TIMM

Author(s): Lina Cabac / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

This approach discusses the contextual functions of substantive occasionalisms in the short story "The Invention of Curry Seasoned Sausage" by Uwe Timm. The paper explores the meaning of the term occasionalism and demonstrates the relationship between word formation patterns used in creating occasionalisms.

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CAMBIOS SEMÁNTICOS EN EL LÉXICO ESPAÑOL RELACIONADO CON LA TERMINOLOGÍA DEL COVID-19

Author(s): Tatiana Gorea / Language(s): Spanish Publication Year: 0

In the following article we will try to determine some of the linguistic changes produced in the Spanish language due to the decisive introduction of the lexicon related to the terminology of COVID-19. These linguistic processes of a morphological and semantic type are part of the processes of change of the lexicon, formation of neologisms

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THE LEGAL TEXT: CONSTITUTION, CONCEPTS, CHARACTERISTICS

Author(s): Nicoleta Baghici / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

According to the constructive interdisciplinarity, the text draws attention of the theorists for several decades. In the new approaches, the text calls for complex research, including research centered on determining the mechanisms of producing and meaning understanding. A legal text is very different from ordinary speech. The concept of text is not identical at all authors, and sometimes it does not even have the same acceptance for one and the same author. However the legal text is based on the use of language, which is more than a stock of words, it is an instrument and an image, an object of power that seeks to be captured.The legal text reflects the terms and expressions of a legal system. In the legal text, language is a means of expression and texts constitute the main object of study. It is indisputable that law could not exist without a means of expression. The legal texts are very different depending on the type of legal act and its transmitters, are not uniform, as the legislator issues law, the judges speak it, the jurists comment on it, and the practitioners apply it. The style of law will differ from the style of a court order or a regulation. The proper drafting of the various types of texts is very important if we want the legal rules to be effective, that the judgments have exactly the same value that the judges impose on them, that the intention of the parties to a bilateral act to be expressed in the proper way. From this perspective, legal texts need to be coherent, drafted in impeccable style with the clearv use of terminology.

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DEVELOPING PRAGMATIC COMPETENCE WITH ENGLISH SCHOOL TEXTBOOKS

Author(s): Iulia Ignatiuc / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The paper focuses on the importance of pragmatic competence acquisition in the EFL classroom and on the great role the textbook plays in this process. It provides the results of an analysis of five English textbooks used in the schools of Moldova in the first five years of pupils’ studying English. The results show that all the textbooks contain some implicit and explicit pragmatic information, which, however, is not equally distributed. Special attention was paid to the treatment of speech acts in the textbooks. The results show that the success of pragmatic competence development depends on several factors revealed in the paper.

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МИНИ-ЛЕКЦИЯ КАК ИННОВАЦИОННЫЙ МЕТОД ИЗЛОЖЕНИЯ ТЕОРЕТИЧЕСКОГО МАТЕРИАЛА В ПРЕПОДАВАНИИ ИНОСТРАННЫХ ЯЗЫКОВ

Author(s): Tatiana Kononova / Language(s): Russian,German Publication Year: 0

The modernization of the educational system reveals new challenges and opportunities in the process of teaching foreign languages at the university, setting new requirements for a modern teacher prone to constant updating and professional learning. Mini-lectures are an innovative method of organizing the learning process in general and of presenting the theoretical material in private. This article examines the relevance and essence of mini-lectures; it focuses on how they are worked out and implemented as a means of creative self-realization of the future philologists providing the grounds for their personal development.

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MOVE THE WORLD THROUGH DIFFERENTIATED INSTRUCTION

Author(s): Victoria Mascaliuc / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article focuses on training public speaking skills through differentiated instructions. It touches upon the importance of public speaking skills and principles to follow when differentiating instructions. The authenticity of the topic is determined by a lot of researches in the field, thus, the studies made by A. C. Tomlinson and S. E. Lucas have been used in creating the theoretical framework. The practical framework is based on one public speaking lesson that provides some findings on a way to differentiate instructions for four types of learners.

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INTERKULTURELLE STUDIENGÄNGE AN HOCHSCHULEN IN DEUTSCHLAND UND IN DER REPUBLIK MOLDAU

Author(s): Oxana Chira / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

Preserving cultural identity’ and ‘achieving social integration’ are among the few universally accepted objectives of educational policy. Therefore, we recommend to always consider each person’s individuality in intercultural situations, to suspend judgment and to find out more about possible reasons for behavior before acting. Communication on the one hand is frequently considered as being an important key competence, but on the other hand many employers think that having covered this as a subject of university studies may not count as having acquired academic expertise in a specialized field. The article will close with a short presentation of the Master’s programme in Intercultural Communication

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INTERMEZZO: RECURSUL LA METODĂ: URÂTUL, DE LA BAU-BAU, LA SHREK. ȚIGANIADA, O NOUĂ CUNOAȘTERE/RECUNOAȘTERE

Author(s): Vasile Ionescu / Language(s): Romanian Publication Year: 0

We have selected some revealing quotes for the evolution and involution of the aesthetics of the ugly (as Evil), always associated with the barbarian, the savage, the primitive. The selection took into account the paradigmatic moments of history and the radical changes that took place. The preoccupation of the Baroque, as a refinement of man (Christian), was the pedagogical distinction between animalitas and humanitas, between biological and cultural, the search for unity between the physical and metaphysical aspect of man, between the civilization of the word (writing) and the primitivism of orality (voice). The Baroque foreshadowed the emergence of a new model of reference to universal values and national specificity, as Freedom, even if still opposed to libertinism and anarchy, and in Enlightenment and Modernity

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SEMANTIC STRUCTURE AND EVALUATING CHARACTERISTICS OF PHRASEOLOGICAL UNITS WITH COMPONENTS DENOTING AGRICULTURAL OCCUPATIONS

Author(s): Oksana Ponomarova / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The article is dedicated to the complex study of Ukrainian, English and German phraseological units with components naming people by their occupation in the agriculture-related industries. The person designations reflecting the place people occupy in social relationships network make up an important part of any language lexis, as they represent the nature of various social roles, values and views of different ethnical and social communities. The article highlights structural, semantic and stylistic features of set phrases with components denoting agricultural occupations. The role of denotation for the profession of this type in the formation of the phrase meaning is traced. Special attention is paid to evaluation of agricultural occupations, their approval or condemnation in the language society. As a result of the research, it is stated that phraseological units with components denoting agricultural occupations in Ukrainian, English and German express a wide range of meanings. In the inner structure of set phrases these professions may have direct original meanings as well as the following derivative phraseological ones: the denotation of any worker, social status, a certain type of personality. It is concluded that a positively evaluated verbal stereotype of a farmer represents the basic concepts of human activity: labour, though difficult, is considered to be the basis of a happy and prosperous life. Agricultural occupations meet all the requirements existing in public consciousness, such as benefit, creative work, physical labour, importance of a product, responsibility, quality of work and its complexity, qualifications; that is why they are highly appreciated.

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"Устройство" на славянския език

Author(s): Tanya Neycheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

At the beginning of the 19th century, the “father of Slavic philology” Josef Dobrovský published his work entitled Basics of the Old Slavonic Language (1822). In doing so, he did not step on a previously untrodden ground but took as a basis the famous Slavonic Grammar (1619) by Meletius Smotritsky. The present text attempts to compare the point of view of the two authors, separated by 200 years, towards the same literary language – the Church Slavonic. It appears that while Meletius looked forward to the future, Dobrovsky looked back to the oldest state of an already classical language.

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Textsortenabhängigkeit sprachlicher Strukturen am Beispiel der Konstruktion [sich lassen + Infinitiv] in der politischen Berichterstattung in deutschen Tageszeitungen

Author(s): Zineta Lagumdžija / Language(s): German Publication Year: 0

Numerous linguistic researches have confirmed the dependence of the use of language structures on the communication situation and the text types. Individual language structures may have different meanings and communication functions in different text types based on their semantic potential. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the frequency and communication functions of the construction [sich lassen + Infinitive] in the text types report and commentary on the corpus of political reporting texts in selected German daily newspapers.

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За граматическия статус на композитумите от типа „който ще да е“

Author(s): Krasimira Aleksova,Petya Osenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The paper presents initial observations on the status of the composite type ‘koyto shte da e’. For this purpose, extensive illustrative material was extracted and considered from Bulgarian corpora and from Internet. The usages of this composite as indefinite pronoun were described as well as its usages as weak subordinator. Due to the weakened subordinator nature, the composite has been interpreted rather as a separate predicative unit in speech. In the first case the composite is a synonym of the pronouns of type ‘(to) i da e’ while in the second case it is synonymous to the expression ‘no matter who’. Attention has been paid also to the contexts, in which the pronoun and predicative usages compete. In both realizations however ‘koyto shte da e’ has been marked with the feature [+absolute arbitrariness of choice] and it expresses higher degrees of emphasis. We suppose that these characteristics of the composite are due to the inclusion of the modal formant ‘shte’. It has been shown that in the process of grammaticalization from the concessive subordinators to indefinite pronouns there exist various transitional stages between the predicative nature and the nominal one.

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