PREDGOVORI

Author(s): Mary Ann Hennessey / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Vijeće Europe je dom nekim od najvažnijih i najprimjenjivanijih sporazuma o ljudskim pravima na svijetu, kao što je Europska konvencija o zaštiti ljudskih prava i temeljnih sloboda. Na osnovu tog temeljnog zakona naših 47 europskih zemalja članica, sva ljudska prava, uključujući slobodu govora i izražavanja, slobodu okupljanja, prava na privatnost i porodični život, trebaju biti jednako dostupna svima. Osim toga, dodatkom Protokola 12 uz ovu konvenciju, garantuje se i pravo svima nama da živimo slobodni od diskriminacije na osnovu zakona ili od strane javne vlasti!

Alkalomadtán

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Amíg értelemmel fel lehet fogni Az emberi jogok köznapi értelme A szegény kis nemzetek panaszai A nemzetállam nem virág Az ideológiák zűrzavara A létező nemzetiszocializmus A gazdasági racionalizmus hiánya Kultúra és erőszak Az európai kultúra színeváltozása A felelősség dilemmái A jóléti Európa krízise A brutalitás nem politika Az idegenek Rendszerváltás és demokrácia A szerb tragédia Elit és demokratizálás A falak leomlása Klerokrácia és Isten országa Európa lehetőségei A modern demokrácia metamorfózisa A demokrácia alakulása Kisebbségek az átalakulásban

Baráti szó

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

Emberek vagyunk vagy sampinyonok Miért nem lehet a történelmet előre látni Mese a modernizációról, avagy a modernizáció és az iszlám

Töprengések

Author(s): Zádor Tordai / Language(s): Hungarian Publication Year: 0

A megváltás csillaga az asszimilációban A misztika fogalmáról Történelem és emlékezés határán Vallomás a Nyugatról Apocalypse Now

Правда и личност поводом догађаја на Косову

Author(s): Boško V. Popović / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

In this text the author is speaking about psychological consequences of disrespect of justice. All that is continuisly happening in last decades on Kosovo and Metohia is not only the matter of politics, or economy, thinks the author, but also has an important influence on individual person, especially moral education of young people and also on the building social relations generally speaking. The author speaks also about dangerouses of neglecting psychological knowledge. There could be two problems – the consequences could target the person who is the victim of someone’s forbidden behaviour, but also could target the person who is doing such things, who don’t respect justice in social relations.

Religijski moral ili „moralna religija“?

Author(s): Muhammad J. Pirmoradi / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Ovaj rad, nastojeći braniti univerzalnost morala, komparira dva stajališta muslimanskih mislilaca o odnosu između religije i morala: religijski moral i „moralna religija“. Autor smatra da prvo stajalište završava u etičkom relativizmu (relativnosti morala). Stoga, nakon kritičke analize spomenutih stajališta, autor ukazuje i na posljedice etičkog relativizma te ističe potrebu striktne distinkcije između etike i prava (tj. znanosti o moralu/’ilm al akhlaq iislamskom pravu/’ilm al fiqh). On vjeruje da stvari koje se uobičajeno imenuju kao dobro i zlo u sferi religijskog morala, ustvari, i nisu etičke kategorije, već spadaju u domen islamskog prava i vjerozakonskih (šerijatsko-pravnih) normi.

Ibn Sina – tesavuf, etika i politika

Author(s): Hasan Alfahruri / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

Ako tesavvuf definiramo kao ezoterijsko iskustvo, čak i neku vrstu talenta, onda bi sufija bio onaj ko doseže ovakvu vrstu iskustva, odnosno posredstvom za takvo što od njegovanog talenta doživljava otkrovenje. U tom slučaju, bilo bi veoma teško ubrojatiI bn Sinaa u sufije. Ipak, historičari filozofije govore i o različitim aspektima Ibn Sinaova tesavvufa, baš kao što se bave i Ibn Farabijevim tesavvufskim stavovima. Carra de Vaux, npr., kaže:“Ibn Sina naposljetku je obratio pažnju i na tesavvufsko učenje imoguće je napraviti jasnu distinkciju između njegovih tesavvufski orijentiranih radova i ostatka njegove filozofije.

Boredom and Melancholy in Utopias and Dystopias

Author(s): Mariusz Finkielsztein / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

O miłości cyborgów w filmach "Uncanny" i "Sight" oraz serialach "Black Mirror" i "Westworld" w świetle wybranych teorii posthumanistycznych

Author(s): Joanna Łapińska / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

Joanna Łapińska proposes an analysis of several affectionate relationships of contemporary cyborgs in the latest Anglo-Saxon science fiction films and television series. The contemporary cyborg in science fiction cinema is no longer just a hypermasculine “terminator”, a “robocop”, or a ruthless female killing machine like Eve VIII from Eve of Destruction. Cyborgisation is now a much more complex and ambiguous phenomenon and, with progress in biotechnology permeating many areas of life, it raises the question of distinguishing between a “natural human being” and an “artificial” one. Today’s cyborg has become more and more like a human being living in a postmodern or, soon to be, posthuman society. Mankind is now entering into realtionships that are difficult to define and to name with technology. These relatioships include love, intimate and erotic relations. Łapińska looks at the several love relationships of contemporary cyborgs from the science fiction films, Uncanny (2015) and Sight (2012) and the television series, Black Mirror (2011) and Westworld (2016). Her intention is meant to indicate possible ways of interpreting cyborg lovers on screen. In the analysis, she utilizes, therefore, cultural theories emphasizing the breakdown of classical, coherent, humanistic, phallogocentric subjectivity of humans and those attempting to replace this notion with “posthuman” subjectivity—which is inconsistent, dispersed, and relational. These are the most important theories that she recognizes. However, there are others that Łapińska recognizes; the pioneer concept of the cyborg by Donna Haraway, the concept of posthumanism by Rosi Braidotti, as well as select contemporary affection theories. Contemporary science fiction cinema participates in showcasing the departure from the paradigm of humanity as essentially defined by problematizing the issue of emotion/affection as not belonging exclusively to the humans, but possibly to the robot or the cyborg as well. The current envisionment of the cyborg, especially with its edgy and transgressive qualities, is the product of “nature-culture” dichotomy—man and machine living in symbiosis. This will not always be an easy shift in paradigms but it remains unavoidable and undeniable today.

Meandry etyczne podmiotu w „Sońce” Ignacego Karpowicza

Author(s): Beata Gontarz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The theme of the article, that is, the ethical shifts of the „Sońka’s” (narrative) subject, draws upon Jozef Tischner’s findings, particularly the philosopher’s understanding of ethics as a theory of the human considered as “raw material” for values and on his philosophy of the human person as a dramatic being. Assumed as a departure point, the meeting between the novel’s male protagonist (hinted at as an autobiographical character) and the heroine, is later transformed into overtly staged theatrical adaptation. The article ponders ethical ramifications of the foregoing procedure: transferring the drama inherent to meeting other person, along with the ethical responsibility that comes with it, onto the process of divulging the mechanics of adaptation and staging. Another stand utilized in the analysis is Samuel Weber’s view of the theatre as a critical art which is, etymologically, related to the term “theory” via the Greek word thea designating the place from which one has an outlook, view, or sight. As a consequence, what is addressed are the issues relating to ethics in literaturę that no longer incurs responsibilities to depict the truth and reality, but rather unmasks mechanisms of their production.

Uchodźstwo jako immanentna pułapka. Perspektywa egzystencjalna

Author(s): Michał Bomastyk / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

The aim of this chapter is to present a phenomenon of refugeeism in the existential perspective, i.e. with the use of the terms described by Jean-Paul Sartre and Simone de Beauvoir. The thesis of the article is that the process of integration, considered as one-dimensional, leads to an institutional exclusion of refugees arriving to Western-European countries and deprives them of a freedom to form their own subjectivity due to the practices of isolating foreigners from the autochthons. The consequence of this is that refugees are defined as enemies who, thereby, suffer from a dehumanisation. Consequently, they cannot transcend—create themselves as being-for-itself. The social and institutional exclusion of foreigners is also claimed here to be stabilised by nationalist attitudes noticeable amongst inhabitants of host societies Therefore, the chapter presents solutions which can provide refugees with possibilities for constructing their own being-in-the-world in a free and responsible manner.

Rewolucjoniści i pariasi

Author(s): Agnieszka Więckiewicz / Language(s): Polish Publication Year: 0

In the chapter, Agnieszka Więckiewicz presents the history of a development of the Hungarian psychoanalytical school in the first two decades of the twentieth century in Hungary. The fate of psychoanalytical school in Budapest is one of the most tragic examples of a destruction of the psychoanalytical movement established by Sigmund Freud. Difficult political situation in Hungary has inhibited the progress of the Freudian thought in the medical society. The author focuses on the history of Hungarian psychoanalysis in the light of emigration and displacement which made a huge impact on psychoanalytical thought and practice in Hungary. Besides the author presents the story of Sándor Ferenczi – one of the most crucial figures in the Budapest School of Psychoanalysis. The aim of the chapter is to introduce the history of the Hungarian psychoanalysis which is still very little known in Polish science. The author argues that the history of psychoanalysis in Hungary is a complex story of difficult, and sometimes contradictory, experiences of exclusion, antisemitism, war, forced emigration, displacement as well as of an utopian faith in political and civil revolution. In the first part of the chapter the author talks about the beginnings of psychoanalytical mouvement in Hungary. Between 1908-1918 the Freudian thought had inspired not only medicine and medical practice but also the new Hungarian literature. The author shows the complexity and multidirectionality of a path in which Freudian thought transferred to Hungarian science and culture. The second part applies to the waves of the forced emigration, mostly in two periods: first between 1919-1924 and second between 1938-1941. In regard to difficult political situation in Hungary the great majority of Hungarian Freudians developed their theories in other countries: mostly in Great Britain, France and United States of America. The author discusses also the most important ideas of the Budapest School of Psychoanalysis. The chapter ends with a reflexion about a contemporary situation of Hungarian psychoanalysis and a phenomenon of the rebirth of a Ferenczian theory.

Srpski narodni mit i Evropa

Author(s): Miroslav Spalajković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Srpski mit je bajka izatkana nitima od svile i zlata na razboju gorskih krilatica Vila. Obična pređa od kudelje osnova je tog čarobnog tkiva. Za ukras mu služe čudesne šare, koje samo nevidljive posestrime srpskih junaka znaju složiti i utkati u besmrtne, carskim vezovima optočene, pohvale narodnih izabranika. Sa sestrinskom ljubavlju Zagorkinja Vila plete vence od mirišljavog cveća iz srpskih dubrava i njima kiti narodne heroje kao večni ponos proste srpske duše. Srpski narodni mit ne slavi toliko epske događaje, koliko epske ličnosti. U narodu mit se stvara iz najvišeg kulta prema tim ličnostima. Kosovski mit se ne može zamisliti bez Cara Lazara i Miloša Obilića. Upravo, kosovski boj je samo spoljni okvir, a legendarni likovi Lazara i Miloša su unutarnje jezgro kosovskog mita. Neodoljivom silom rasnog nagona ti se likovi održavaju u narodnom predanju kao živa slika bitnih osobina i istrajnosti srpskog plemena.

Duhovni temelji svetosavske Srbije

Author(s): Miroslav Spalajković / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Samo se iz prividne smrti vaskrsava. Raspeće na Golgoti još ne znači smrt, pravu i konačnu. Dokaz nam je Hristov primer. Srpski narod je često puta propadao, ali nije nikad propao. On se i sad, kao posle svakog trenutnog raspeća, opet ponovo vraća životu. Njegova mučenička prošlost ispunjena je sva Golgotama. Ali posle svake Golgote, umesto smrti, nastajao je novi život u kome je narodna duša, očišćena od greha, zračila još svetlije. Ona je nagonski još jače stremila obnavljanju države kao najvišeg spoljašnjeg simbola narodne zajednice. Sudbinski hod srpskog golgotskog uspona ne mogu nam objasniti istoričari i sociolozi – opijeni taštinom svoga znanja i svojih "naučnih" metoda – nikakvim geografskim, ekonomskim ili makakvim materijalnim činjenicama. On bi bio neobjašnjiv, kad ne bismo znali za sve one nevidljive i jedino nepromenljive snage srpske čudotvorne vitalnosti, koje su uvek, posle svake nove Golgote, pristizale iz duboko skrivenih dubina samosvojnog narodnog bića.

Mediji u Bosni i Hercegovini

Author(s): Amer Džihana / Language(s): Bosnian Publication Year: 0

U poglavlju se opisuju osnovne karakteristike medijskog sistema Bosne i Hercegovine. neprestano se ukazuje na jaz između zakonskih odredbi; koje u pravilu sublimiraju najnaprednija svjetska rješenja, i stvarnosti u kojoj mediji djeluju, a koja je snažno određena post-konfliktnom i tranzicijskom prirodom bosanskohercegovačkog društva. U prvom dijelu razmatra se opći regulatorni okvir za elektronske i štampane medije, zatim se, u drugoj sekciji, opisuje medijsko tržište. U trećem se dijelu portretiraju osnovne karakteristike medijskih sloboda kao i odgovornosti novinara i medija u BiH. U zaključnom razmatranju, snažno se zagovara prevazilaženje postojeće diskrepancije između “idealnog“ zakonskog okvira i nezadovoljavajućih praksi implementacije.

Legal and Ethical Concerns Regarding Gene Editing

Author(s): Ștefania Andra Stanciu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The field of genetics has given rise to technology that will revolutionize the biological sciences: the powerful gene-editing tool known as CRISPR-Cas9. Between medical progress, ultimate new age cure for diseases and the risk of altering human DNA in an irreversible way, the legal challenges of applying CRISPR in the health context, along with the regulatory and ethical issues that might arise must be approached with increased responsibility. A main goal or a variety of purposes? Enhancement or gene editing to improve normal human traits, changes from edited genomes that might be inherited - repercussions of the new gene-editing technology could result in altering human DNA. Current international legislation and interpretation, global consensus worth pursuing on this subject and future regulations required.

Морал (етика) у грађанском праву

Author(s): Oliver Antić / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The author discusses two basic principles on which Civil Law rests – principle of private autonomy (autonomy of the will) and principle of good faith. Private autonomy, originating from the theory of autonomy of the will, stands for individualistic, hence egoistic principles in law as confirmation of subjective civil rights and as a token of position and role an individual plays in constituting, changing and cessation of subjective civil rights. The principle of good faith stands in sharp contrast to the principle of autonomy of the will in the sense of the struggle of the opposites, thus striking a balance between egoistic on one and ethic, social i.e. common or collective on the other side. Law without ethics is injust, immoral law, „law“ which can easily slip into the realm of antilaw, violence or even crime, the fact that has, sadly, been confirmed in the history of our civilization too many times. Morale, ethics without legal sanction, hence, without law is but a forsaken righteous man warning and crying, but unable to avert deceit, violence or even crime. Ethical system devoid of law resembles a senior advisor whose advice is disregarded even when properly understood. In the world of conflicting interests legal and moral order rely on fellowship, interlacing, coegzistance. Those who fail to understand ethics cannot understand the essence of law; those who fail to understand the law will certainly not understand the point, the gist, the life of ethics. Hence law and ethics must never be two separate entities.

Ethical and Behavioral Standards in Online Communities

Author(s): Kristine Kirst / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The term “community” once meant a group of people living together in a local neighborhood or perhaps it meant a group of people that met at a certain time and place to talk and enjoy each other’s company. However, the world has grown smaller as technology has advanced, and people are now reaching out via technology and the virtual world to build worthwhile connections. This has given rise to the popularity of online communities. Online communities are formed by people from all different backgrounds who share a common interest or goal (Johnson 2014). Any person can be a part of any community, even if they have never met in person. This link is a blessing and a curse because, while it brings people together, it also brings together their geographical, socioeconomical and even cultural backgrounds. Differences in these can clash and wreak havoc on the sustainability of the online community if guidelines are not outlined. Therefore, the purpose of this paper is to reveal a rationale for ethical and behavioral standards for online communities as well as an overview of how my personal worldview influences said rationale. It will also include a set of standards so both management and participants can ensure a respectful and beneficial community experience.

A/simetrija životinja i žena: Ekofeministička perspektiva diskursa o placenti

Author(s): Neda Radulović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

The present paper offers an analysis of dominant and alternative narratives about placenta, and especially placentophagia. It will examine the cultural construction of disgust and ask why most people find the idea of eating their own placenta objectionable, whilst recognizing animal organs as gustative and healthy. The important hypothesis of this paper is that the dominant, patriarchal narratives construct placenta as abject and that the abjectification of placenta is based on the human/animal dichotomy. By looking at the changing attitudes to placenta in the context of birth culture until the 18th century, as well as contemporary (and contrasting) narratives about placenta, this paper offers ecofeminist, and feminist–vegan conceptualization of placentophagia. The ecofeminist perspective will shed light on placenta as a case study showing how patriarchal culture constructs narratives that represent women and animals in both symmetrical and asymmetrical ways. The asymmetrical treatment of women and animals, as the narratives about placenta will show, refers to the speciest privileging based on the in/exclusion from the category of human.

Radikalna empatija: feminizam, nejedenje mesa i aktivističke prakse

Author(s): Natalija Iva Stepanović / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

I argue that refusing to eat meat is an act of compassion as well as feminist action. Even though connection between vegetarianism and femininity existed earlier, during romanticism and suffrage movement, the first consistent theory of feminist vegetarianism was The Sexual Politics of Meat written by Carol J. Adams in 1990. Adams claims that it is possible to connect our treatment of animals and our treatment of oppressed ethnic, racial and class groups and women in general with structure of absent referent. Absent referent transforms real experience of oppression into metaphor thus masking suffering. I suggest that ethic of care is feminist ethical paradigm which makes suffering visible and helps us rethink animal liberation. Second part of essay deals with activism in practice: its mainstream form (PETA’s sexist campaigns) and more radical circles. Both forms reproduce patriarchal power relationships either by treating women as objects or by marking them as sentimental or hysterical and trying to silence them.