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Repere ale evoluției învățământului academic privat din România

Author(s): Sorin Bocancea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

In its three decades of existence, private academic education in post-communist Romania has witnessed four periods: foundation (1990-1993), the race for authorization and accreditation (1993-2002), institutional consolidation and clarification of the legal status (2002-2011) and decline – which started with Law 1/2011, and which is still in force. The most serios problem private academic education in Romania is confronted with is the dumping made by state universities, which is allowed by the Law of National Education itself. To this, other discriminations are added, generated both by legislation and by some practices of the public authorities and state universities. Currently, there is no competitive academic market in Romania and the preservation of this status quo will turn private academic education in Romania a thing of the past within maximum ten years.

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Învățământul universitar privat din România din perspectiva rectorilor

Author(s): Georgeta Condur / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

This paper presents a research on the perception of private higher education from Romania. The research group consisted of both public and private university rectors. The questionnaire was self-administered, being sent by email to all rectors in Romania. Of them, 45 sent back the completed questionnaires. The data analysis showed that, despite the widespread opinion that there is an adversity between state and private universities, we can still notice a certain degree of collaboration and collegiality between professors, as well as a flow of graduates between public and private institutions, in both directions. The answers of the two categories of rectors were not as different as we expected, not being statistically significantly different on many variables. Only on some questions there was a clearer distance between the opinions. For example, the rectors of private universities consider that education policies are not entirely fair. The data from this study, which we can consider an exploratory one, suggest that greater collaboration between the two types of universities could have beneficial effects on Romanian university education in general.

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Învățământul academic privat în Spania

Author(s): Teodora Prelipcean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

Regardless of the country, generally the decision to study at a public or private university is not an easy one. This study aims at offering a comprehensive image on academic education in Spain and at showing succinctly the new changes that are required in view of improving its qualities, under all aspects. For better clarification, the analysis aims at comparing the two existing systems – public and private. Thus, after identifying the particularities of the territorial-administrative organization and listing the ministries with attributions in the field of education, a history of Spanish universities is presented, together with the main private universities in operation in 2021. There follows a short exposition of the main legislative provisions that regulate Spanish education, a description of the way in which the university admission exam is organized, as well as of certain information regarding the state involvement in funding private universities, both in Spain and in EU. Finally, figures are provided regarding the evolution of the number of universities and students.

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Învățământul academic privat din Italia

Author(s): Sabin Drăgulin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

During this short study we proposed that, by the descriptive method, to make an x-ray of the private university education system in Italy. The approach is part of the need to understand the particularities of this educational system, starting from the following topics: organization, legal interpretations of the state private education, universities and foundations, funding of private higher education by the state, regulation of standard costs of students in state universities, state funding of private higher education.

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Învățământul superior privat din Franța

Author(s): Cristian Bocancea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

French higher education, with a tradition of nine centuries, stood out in its modern period through a pronounced statism. Although the state has regulated the organization of free (private) universities ever since 1875, shortly after (in 1880) it forbade them from using the name “university” as well as from issuing national diplomas. The institutions of private education were going to be called “superior schools” or “institutes”. Paradoxically, the category of “schools” also comprises approximately 50 of so-called “hautes écoles” or“écoles nationales”, which have either a private or a public regime and form the elite of French education (through extremely selective recruitment and quality of education). Currently, it is rather easy to set up private academic institutions, but they need to undergo a rigorous process of quality assessment and to cooperate with state universities or state higher schools to be able to issue state recognized diplomas. Starting with 2013, the Education Code established the category of “private higher education institutions of general interest (EESPIG), whose diplomas are recognized at a national level and which receive a modest allowance from the state.

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