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EU Funds Absorption: Case of Romania

Author(s): Laura Marcu,Tomislav Kandzija,Jelena Dorotic / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Article studies the absorption of European funds in Romania for the two post-accession periods: 2007-2014 and 2014-2020 and highlight the situation in Romania regarding the amount and evolution of European funds received (in relation to its contribution to the EU budget), the structure of these funds, the evolution of the absorption during the two intervals by program type and Romanian areas of development as well as difficulties encountered and the solutions adopted to overcome them. The analysis is based on primary statistical data provided by the Romanian Government and the European Commission, as well as studies and reports on national particularities and problems of absorption of European fund in Romania. In addition, a qualitative analysis of legislative and institutional framework aims to point out weakness and causes that hindered the absorption of funds. Paper highlights the increase of funds absorption in the current financial framework compared to the previous and emphasizes weaknesses in the Romanian institutional framework. The fact that many of the difficulties manifested in the first stage after adhesion were counter through appropriate solutions, enable better management of funds, which places Romania to the EU average in terms of rate of absorption. These solutions concern the improvement of administrative capacity (information, transparency, implementation, relationship with beneficiaries)

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The Role of Multinational Corporations in the European Union

Author(s): Raluca Pârjoleanu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2020

Organizations such as multinational corporations are the most important form of business globally. The defining role on the world economy could be seen at the onset of the financial crisis of 2008, but also in the recent events related to the Covid-19 pandemic, when corporations transformed their production lines to respond to the need for protective equipment for the frontline workers in the health system, but also for the broader population. Through Foreign Direct Investment (FDI), multinational corporations make a positive impact on economies around the world. In addition to contributing to the local development of areas where they setup subsidiaries, multinational corporations are a form of integration of a local economy into the global economy. In the Romanian economy, multinational corporations play a decisive role, representing the companies with the highest turnover, but also the most desired employers for those looking for a job.

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Daniel David: „Țara are nevoie de universități de elită și în zona regională și locală, dar nimeni nu-și asumă prin misiunea academică acest rol fundamental”

Author(s): Doru Tompea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 2 (32)/2021

Interview with Prof.univ.dr. Daniel David

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France’s Grand Design for Europe and the Elusive Quest for European Sovereignty

Author(s): Marius-Mircea Mitrache / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2021

In the context of the Liberal International Order crisis amplified by the Trump Administration’s America First doctrine and a retreat of multilateralism, President Macron was emboldened to carry further his vision for a Sovereign Europe (Europe-Puissance) capable of ensuring its own strategic autonomy and acting as an independent actor on the international stage. However, President Macron faces the task of articulating a coherent way of achieving this goal, especially giving Germany’s reluctance to accept any changes in the postwar defense status quo, and East-Central European anxieties regarding a possible Russian rapprochement pursued by the French president. Early in his presidency, Macron proposed his Grand Design for a concentric and multi-speed Europe with different stages of integration, and different levels of functioning, a plan which was met with a degree of unwillingness from East-Central European capitals.

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Petre Andrei și Europa sfârtecată

Author(s): Tudor Ghideanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

This study aims to analyze Petre Andrei'saxiology in a conceptual universe contemporary to his writing. Briefly following the main lines of force of axiology, which were traced in the first half of the 20th century (L. Lavelle, M. Scheler, Simone de Beauvoir), we highlight the triple method of analysis of the concept of value that Petre Andrei uses. This method enables it both to gain a real understanding of the axiological - at the gnoseological, social and creative levels - and to grasp subtle conceptual distinctions (value-valorization). The threefold method of analysis - psychological, logical, andsociological - structures a hermeneutic with a double vector: horizontal (structural-functional relations of values in society) and vertical (creationand man's relation todivinity - as modes of natural fulfilment). Both directions have as their teleology the fulfilment of humanity both in general and in particular: of humanity in manand of man in humanity.

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Cu privire la valoarea sociologiei lui Petre Andrei

Author(s): P. Dumitrescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

The present work starts from the idea that, in Petre Andrei's vision, sociology is not a science of any kind, a science among the other sciences, but one with fundamental status, because it allows the determination of the origin, as well as of the place and role of each social phenomenon, within the society. It is mentioned that Petre Andrei, who opted for a sociology of a cogitans type, anticipated through his novel ideas the creations of the new wave of sociologists from the middle of the XXth century, who reviewed and restructured the great classical sociological theories. The value of the Romanian thinker's conception is highlighted, first of all, by consistent references to the way of defining sociology in relation to philosophy, social sciences and practical activity. Regarding the essential coordinates of Petre Andrei's conception, it is exposed the way of understanding the biunivocal relations between society and the individual, which paves the way for the identification of the dual nature of society, seen as a concretized or substantialized spirit and insists on presenting the role of the two processes, individualization and socialization, specific to any society, in explaining the structure and dynamics of the social life. At the same time, considerations are made on the eclectic character of the integralist method and the fact that between the causal explanation and understanding there is no opposition, but, on the contrary, in the field of sociology they complement each other. It is concluded that by cultivating the scientific spirit, the passion of truth and the trust in the freedom of the spirit, Petre Andrei's work, besides being a valuable working tool, from which the new generations have a lot to learn, is also an inexhaustible source of inspiration, still insufficiently exploited. It contains in nuce ideas, perspectives, suggestions, which are required to be carefully analyzed and to deduce from them new opinions that allow the deeper and adequate understanding of society and man as an essential piece of the social mechanism.

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Orizonturile conștiinței de sine și depășirea sentimentului de insecuritate

Author(s): Anton Carpinschi / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

Dedicated to the memory of the Romanian scientist Petre Andrei – professor of sociology at the University of Iași and democratic politician in the interwar period – this essay is a meditation on the fragility of the human condition in the face of the temptations and pitfalls of politics, as well as on our chances of overcoming the feeling of insecurity generated by socio-political crises. Starting from a scenario of increasing the feeling of insecurity in society, a self-reflexive strategy is proposed to overcome the feeling of personal insecurity. Reflexive-therapeutic, the whole approach is tested through an experiment of participatory thinking conceived in the horizon of experiential states of self conscience.

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Petre Andrei și perspectiva etico-sociologică asupra fericirii

Author(s): Teodora Prelipcean / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

This study aims to analyze critically the manner in which the wish to be happy and the hope of achieving this state are approached by the scholar Petre Andrei in his work Despre fericire [On happiness]. Thus, the psychological origins of happiness and the possibility of being truly happy, the possible causes and the contents of happiness, its social and ethical grounds, vulnerability to outside conditions and the role of practical wisdom in the achievement of the state of happiness, happiness as an impulse to moral action – all these are major landmarks in Andrei’s approach, and the author’s answers are both competent and profound. In this context, we believe that the interaction and mutual conditioning between all these elements, highlighted by the Romanian philosopher, and the way he mixed the theoretical perspective with our representations bring an added-value to the understanding and analysis of this phenomenon as a whole, contributing, to the same extent, to the creation of an authentic picture of the way in which the fundamental mechanisms of happiness can be recognized and clarified.

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Descentralizarea administrativă în opera politico-juridică a lui Petre Andrei

Author(s): Cristian Bocancea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

The principle of administrative decentralization was proclaimed in the constitutions of modern Romania (1866 and 1923), but was not applied until 1929, when the Local Administration Law was adopted, with the peasant party deputy from Vaslui, sociologist and philosopher Petre Andrei as rapporteur. In his report to the Assembly of Deputies and during the debates conducted by intellectually highly qualified MPs, Petre Andrei explained the virtues of decentralization and regionalization, in contrast to the centralized and standardizing system created by the Liberal Administrative Law of 1925. Petre Andrei's arguments - backed up by observations of Romanian social realities, but also by the theories of renowned Western and Romanian jurists and sociologists - are astonishingly topical, more than nine decades after they were formulated.

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Petre Andrei și fascismul în cultura europeană. Un eseu despre libertate

Author(s): Sabin Drăgulin / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

This short contribution aims to express some ideas about the cultural heritage that the sociologist and philosopher Petre Andrei left to the political culture in Romania. His violent and premature disappearance, and later the establishment of the totalitarian communist regime in Romania did not allow the ideas of this intellectual to be widely known in the local space and to remain almost unknown in the space of ideas at European level. In this sense, the author of this short contribution, decided to limit himself to drawing the theoretical contribution that Andrei made in the field of the study of fascism, emphasizing two fundamental concepts of liberalism: freedom and equality. At the same time, a summary of Sguardi dall'est. Dal Fascismo italiano al fascism romeno: l'analisi di Petre Andrei editorial project was presented, which, with the support of the Romanian Cultural Institute, will publish a paper which will include the study Fascism, signed by Petre Andrei, which was presented for the first time in the magazine „Minerva” from 1927, the two letters written and addressed to children and his wife in the last moments of his life and some studies. The first of these concerns the biographical and ideational coordinates and is signed by Doru Tompea, Sorin Bocancea and Daniel Șandru, the second, written by Sabin Drăgulin addresses a history of nationalist, xenophobic and racist ideas in modern Romania, as a conclusive study, signed by Angelo Chielli, to present Andrei's conception in the context of analyses of fascism.

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Semnificațiile clasice ale revoluției în gândirea lui Petre Andrei. Interpretări și relevanțe actuale

Author(s): Cristina Gavriluță,Costel Marian Dalban / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

Starting from the work Sociology of the Revolution, we intend to capture some peculiarities of the thinking of the sociologist from Iasi, Petre Andrei, regarding this subject. In this sense, we have had in mind three main coordinates: the first regards the analysis of the revolution as a complex social process and not as a clearly temporally delimited state; the second marks the way in which Petre Andrei theoretically capitalizes on the classical characteristics of the revolution (violence and the break with what it was); the third proposes an ethical analysis of the revolution as a result of which we identified two aspects of it: revolutionary machiavellianism and revolutionary humanism. Finally, starting from these defining notes from the work Sociology of the Revolution, we try to sketch a brief interpretation of the contemporary revolutions.

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Pedagogia socială în concepția lui Petre Andrei

Author(s): Sorin Cristea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

The study highlights the epistemological and ethical dimensions of social pedagogy, grounded in a sociological perspective. The investigation is based on a synchronic-diachronic interpretation of Petre Andrei's work. The integralist sociological method promoted by Petre Andrei investigates each social phenomenon in relation to the whole that gives it its particular form through the function exercised objectively. Petre Andrei's social pedagogy can be reconstructed by exploiting his epistemological demonstrations, developed in almost all his works. On this basis we can identify the general epistemological and ethical lines of a university pedagogy and a school pedagogy. The first is promoted as an epistemological and ethical argument in favor of social progress and is centered on the general function of the University; the second is promoted at the level of education policy, carried out on levels and steps of education, open also to the type of "private education".

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Politica educației în pedagogia sociologică a lui Petre Andrei

Author(s): Gabriela Cristea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

Petre Andrei's sociological pedagogy is education policy-oriented and involved in the design of education reform. The analysis of public education is carried out at the level of the management structure of the education system and at the level of the organizational structure, which includes all levels of education. In Petre Andrei's conception, the University has two purposes: the formation of the student's spiritual personality and the preparation for a profession that requires higher education. The functional correlation between teacher and student maintains "an ethos of truth without which there is no science". The reformist ideas advocated by the scholar are reflected in the school legislation initiated during his time inministry office.

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Doi miniștri sociologi în anul Serviciului Social. Note despre relația dintre Petre Andrei și Dimitrie Gusti în 1939

Author(s): Zoltán Rostás / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

This article deals with the relationship between professors Dimitrie Gusti and Petre Andrei in 1939. This was a tumultuous year for the Romanian cultural and political landscape as it also marked the formation of the institution of the Social Service. The author presents new data on the constructive relationship between the two remarkable sociologists.

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Petre Andrei și Francmasoneria ieșeană interbelică

Author(s): Cătălin Turliuc / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

The present paper is focused on a peculiar, less known to the general public, aspect of Petre Andrei’s biography and activity, namely his involvement in the interwar Romanian Freemasonry. Initiated on 4-th November 1930 Petre Andrei was member in the “Moldova” Lodge in Iasi. His Mother Lodge kindled the Lights in the same year, in February, and so becoming the fifth Lodge in the former capital city of Moldova. After a brief biographical survey, the paper deals with few general aspects concerned Freemasonry and its Romanian historiography in order to better understand the place and role played by this modern fraternal association in the social life of the country. Discussing the values and principles promoted by Petre Andrei as scholar and also a politician one can observe the striking similarities with those endorsed by Freemasonry. The paper used archive materials and also fragments from his published works. In conclusion I stress one more time on the fact that modern democratic values represented the core of Petre Andrei’s beliefs and they also represented pillars of the masonic credo.

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Imposibila întoarcere

Author(s): Tudor Pitulac / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

Since 1990 we were constantly overwhelmed by the astonishingdiscrepancies between the selection mechanisms in the Romanian society in the first decades of the XXthcentury and the ones in place since the middle of the century and especially since 1990. To set the premises, after presenting in a very personal manner some considerations about Petre Andrei, we identified a person that is his perfect antonym. From there, we went to the societal level indicating several elements that explain the mechanisms that perverted selection and promotion of the elites in contemporary Romania. Some portion is dedicated to communism as an egalitarian system, indicating progressivism as the newest instantiation of such approach mentioning Malthus on the way. It is a bitter but authentic flavour of the current situation in Romania, with migration as one of the individual solutions used inefficiently to tackle our collective impotences. The conclusion is that we cannot have Petre Andrei among us in such a toxic environment for merits, honesty and hard work.

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Atitudini și discursuri populiste în România. Dinamici în 2019-2021 și posibile explicații ale impactului AUR

Author(s): Dan Sultănescu,Bogdan Teodorescu,Dana C. Sultănescu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

Evaluating the populist phenomenon in a country like Romania is a complex research objective and requires an important distinction between two dimensions – effectively measuring the public’s populist predispositions, regardless of party affinities, and evaluating the ideological discourse of the main parties as well as the relationship between these ideological approaches and the populist attitudes in society. In this study, we evaluated the current state of the populist inclinations of the voting-age population in Romania, and also the ideological mechanisms that have recently stimulated these populist attitudes. We analyzed whether we can observe a rise in populist attitudes in Romania in recent years, especially in the context of the emergence of a new political force with populist and ultra-nationalist discourse. We also evaluate the evolution of this type of ideologic discourse during the last year, as well as its relation to earlier populist political discourses in Romania. We operate on the premise that parties can have populist approaches independently from the ideology they support, and also that understanding the relation between (political) discourse and populist orientation (of the public) is relevant.

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Participare, emancipare și recunoaștere politică. Re-instituționalizarea Casei Regale a României, ca proiect legislativ: etape premergătoare, implicații legale și constituționale (Partea a II-a)

Author(s): Alexandru Muraru / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

This study presents the precedents and the context in which the re-institutionalization of the Royal House of Romania benefited from a support in the society and in the political environment. The analysis emphasizes that since 2016 and even before, the institutions, politicians, society, and elites, but also communities, voluntarily or involuntarily, legitimized the transformation of Romanian royalty. In the public space this reality was marked by proposals for institutionalizing / re-institutionalizing the royal house, project called by us - "the new monarchy". Three different bills of law between 2016-2020 - unique in the last almost 75 years, after the abolition of the monarchy - proposed the creation of a legal-bureaucratic-institutional mechanism, financing from public funds of activities, but also the establishment of an official headquarters for activities of the Royal House. The bills made by the Government, political leaders or republican parliamentarians have practically recognized the existence of the Royal House of Romania and its usefulness for today's time. Political crises, misunderstandings, confrontations in recent years have not led to the completion of these projects. But the advanced stage in which they were placed, some adjustments and recoveries along the way, proves that a compensatory act for the royal house of a future parliamentary majority is possible.

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Gâlceava înțeleptului cu reacțiunea. George Călinescu și publicistica politică (1946-1949)

Author(s): Petre-Florian Draghici / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

In this article, we analyze the relationship between intellectuals and the political factor during the process of the communization of Romania carried out after August 23 1944, through the study of the editorials signed by G. Călinescu, editorial director of the newspaper Națiunea (The Nation). Our research highlights the public discourse used by the „fellow travelers” of that period by highlighting in the public discourse of G. Călinescu the abandonment of „aesthetics” in favor of politics.

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Politica pronatalistă în România comunistă, o cale de control al vieții private

Author(s): Oana Miron / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 4(34)/2021

The radiography of the Communist Romania medical system, that I am interrested to present along side this article, pays attention to the reality that the centralization principle, under the direct command of the state-party represented, equally, also a form of control over the entire medical activity. Implying a very rigorous ranking, as results from the normative documents of the time, it is questionable if the system functioned when patients came in contact with it, especially in conditions of shortage of human resources, technology and medical infrastructure, which has worsened over time and especially during the decade before the regime change. On the other side, the public centralization of thea health system, proper to the Communist regime, it allowed not only control over it as such, but also over the privacy and individual decisions of citizens, reality that I illustrate by referring to the aberrant pronatalist policy of the Ceaușescu regime, initiated in 1966 and continued assiduously until 1989. A hyper-centralized but totally underperforming medical system has guaranteed, for 23 years, the abuse of privacy and the loss of thousands of human lives.

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