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Investigators say club had only one exit and no sprinkler system.
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Although there are many studies regarding the public administration and the civil service, the novelty of this paper stands in the fact that the observations of a civil servant with a long experience in the public administration are focused in the negative consequences of “militancy” and the “deformed politicization” of the public administration. This paper is specific because it is focused in the study of concrete cases of the relationship between civil servants and the political leaders with the aim of finding solutions that will fight corruptive and militant behaviours in the public administration. For this reason,this research will bring innovation to the field of scientific research. Militancy in Albania is the main factor that prevents the formation of a stable and professional public administration with capable people of integrity who are devoted to serve the public. Reality has witnessed that “militancy” in Albania has turned the public administration into a shelter for the survival of people who are professionally uncapable. It has turned it into a tool for political parties to reward activitists for their support in electoral campaigns and into a source of corruption.
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In the pages of the present paper we propose the analysis of the administration organization of the Gagauziа Autonomous Administrative- Territorial Unit of the in Rерubliса Mоldоvа, with particularity at the City Hall of Comrat Municipality, in order to highlight its self-determination right. The research carried out shows that their own national emblems - flag, coat of arms, but also the establishment by referendum of their own capital, are prerequisites for the Gagauz autonomy. We found that, from the point of view of the administrative-territorial division, the autonomous territory of Gagauzia is divided into rayons, cities and villages, the Comrat Municipality representing the administrative center of the Gagauz autonomy. In Gagauzia, the local public administration bodies are the Gagauz Bascan, the People's Assembly and the Executive Committee. At the level of Comrat Municipality, the authorities exercising attributions in matters of local interest are the Municipal Council and the Mayor, the latter being assisted by three deputy mayors. From the analysis of the administration organization of the Gagauzia Autonomous Administrative-Territorial Unit, we noticed that it has a special legal status consisting of the right of the gagauz people to self-determination.
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This paper is the author’s first attempt to address the issue of public utilities as a separate category of public services. Key concepts as identified by different authors have been studied – be it public services or public utilities; and an analysis of both legal framework and existing doctrine is included. As meant by the article’s author, public utilities are activities of general interest, conducted under public administration’s supervision in order to satisfy utmost important citizen needs. The specific position of these services in the general public services system is also identified at the end of the paper.
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The article discusses the paid parental leave policy. It presents the legal regulation, the family support system in Lithuania and debates the assessment of the paid parental leave system from a gender equality perspective. An overview of the latest and most relevant scientific literature on family-friendly policies and paid parental leave is presented. Based on the Labour Force Survey (Eurostat LFS), Statistics Lithuania and the Social Fund Board (SODRA) data the main trends of parents with children in the labour market, and choices and estimates for paid maternity and paternity leave is analysed. The results of the research revealed that the system of paid parental leave in Lithuania is mainly aimed at compensating parents lost income, but does not provide equal opportunities for both parents to be equally involved in childcare and participate in labour market. This fact is also confirmed by statistics showing that twice as many women than men take paid parental leave, while the participation rate of women with young children is significantly decreasing. Mothers' and fathers' decisions to take parental leave are primarily driven by financial considerations resulting from lower benefits for mothers.
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In the case of Latvia, formal requirements of involvement of citizens in decision-making processes at national, regional and local are defined in different legal acts. During the preparation of planning documents, some municipalities and public institutions develop individual approaches to insure productive dialogue with stakeholders. Taking into account ongoing administrative-territorial reform in Latvia, there is a need for more inclusive models of citizens' participation in the decision-making process at the regional level. The paper aims to analyse the approaches of involvement of stakeholders in decision-making processes in the context of regional development. In order to achieve the aim, the following research methods have been used: scientific literature studies, statistical data analysis, expert survey. Main results and conclusions of the paper: the research showed that in the case of Latvia, existing approaches of public institutions could be defined rather as formal or engagement partnership towards fulfilment of requirements of legal acts. In order to proceed towards to co-responsible cooperation model, public organisations should use ICT opportunities, develop a permanent cooperation model, cultivate targeted strategic communication and include the principles of participatory budgeting in the budget planning process.
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Over the last decade, the development of cognitive and behavioural sciences has determined the diffusion of the concept and methodology of behavioural insights into social sciences, including the governance sphere. Behavioural teams worldwide participate in developing and implementing the strategies at various levels of governance organisation. The aim of this study is to investigate the institutionalisation process of behavioural insights into public policy. The study has identified the agentive determinants of the institutionalisation efficiency that include: the competence level of public servants, their motivation level, resistance to change and the nature of feedback. It is argued that the approval level of using behavioural insights by civil servants is a prerequisite for their intrinsic motivation, which has a positive effect on the efficiency of institutionalisation of behavioural insights in public policy. The survey has revealed the most approved directions for using behavioural techniques in public policy in Ukraine.
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The main aim of the research was to develop cognitive instruments that allow justification of decisions in national innovation policy. In the theoretical part of research fundamentals of national innovation policies of EU-members and Ukraine were compared to reveal factors that can accelerate innovation development. In the empirical part of research the analysis of innovation capability of Ukrainian enterprises was conducted based on financial, statistic and management reports and it confirmed that companies systematically conducted innovation activities, reached higher levels of innovation potential, innovative business opportunities and margin of economic security and, consequently, have more innovative capacities for innovation of all types.The formation of cognitive analytical base allowed the application of scenario modelling at the level of public management of innovation activity. Cognitive modelling approach was justified firstly by increased volatility in economic conditions of modern realities of crisis in the national economy, and secondly high-cost and risky innovations, fast diffusion of information resources during the introduction of innovation processes, and thirdly, the presence of the mutual influence of objects of national innovation system.
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This research attempts to analyse the determining factors of successful innovations and formulate a strategy for replicating public service innovation. It also aims to fill the gap in research regarding the public sector innovation that is required to create sustainable, innovative services, and to develop a better understanding of how innovation develops in the public sector. In this study, the desk review method was used with data of the public services available in Indonesia to analyse the determinants of service innovations in the public sector. Additionally, interviews and Focus Group Discussions (FGDs) were held to gain a deeper understanding of how innovation can develop in government institutions. Analysis of the results indicates that the most dominant innovation determinant is found within the institution itself, although other determinants also provide positive contributions as well. The replication and adoption of public service innovation efforts that institutions carry out need to undergo several stages in order to achieve optimal implementation. One of the practical implications here is that public institutions can use the findings of this study to begin developing innovation within their organization and implement it using the stages of strategy analyzed in this paper.
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Article deals with the conflict of interest occurring in the process of public procurement. Conflict of interest is a negative phenomenon, which is generally forbidden. Contracting authorities are obliged to adopt adequate measures to prevent and remedy conflict of interest. If they fail to fulfil this obligation, consequences may appear in the form of cancellation of the procurement process, or even in the form of claim for damages caused by maladministration. Author compares European Union´s and Slovak approach to this topic with regard to recent case law of the courts of the European Union.
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In order to create the modern organizational and personal conditions for an independent administrative jurisdiction, the on 12th December 2018 the Hungarian Assembly adopted the Act CXXX of 2018, establishing the Administrative Courts in Hungary. Its preamble, in addition to declaring, inter alia, that “the purpose of the administrative jurisdiction is to ensure the rule of law with regard to the actions of the public administration” , puts trust in the independence of the judiciary and the unity of the jurisdiction.
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Finding us on the anniversary clock, that is, 100 years after the Great Union, we consider marking this moment through an analysis of the most important changes that took place at the level of the public administration. The history of Romania during this period was marked by legal, political and social events that had an influence on the public administration, events such as the constitution of the unitary national state, the administrative unification, the Second World War and its consequences, the events of 1989 and not last but not least, joining the North Atlantic Treaty Alliance and the European Union. All these moments are part of an institutional path that can be praised or criticized but it is our duty to those who are in a position to express reasoned opinions to improve or to criticize without forgetting to guide society, administration to a world of participatory democracy.
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The transparency of the meetings of level-two local representative and deliberative authorities is a fundamental principle for ensuring a participatory and democratic decision-making process. The present article includes the analysis of the degree of respect by the district, municipal councils, by the Popular Assembly of the ATU Gagauzia of the legal provisions based on their activity in the first semester of 2019.The criteria for analysis are: announcement of the meetings; deliberative nature of the meeting; approval of the agenda during the meetings of the deliberative authorities; free participation and observation of the meetings, live broadcasting and publication of the adopted decisions.The conclusions of the monitoring are first of all a methodological and practical support for the targeted local public authorities in order to solve the identified problems.
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The active participation of citizens in local public life is one of the essential characteristics of contemporary democratic societies. The objective of the research was to elucidate the causes of the non-involvement of the population in the public life of the local authorities in the Republic of Moldova. The main method of data collection was the content analysis of official documents and statistics, normative acts, sociological surveys and scientific literature. As a result of the research, were established the following reasons for the non-involvement of the population in the process of administration of public affairs at the local level: a) the population does not trust the local authorities, but the local public authorities consider the population, at best, only as an electorate, and at worst, as a contingent that causes problems and discomfort; b) the local authorities does not have sufficient resources and means to provide the residents with quality public services; widespread impoverishment had the effect of drastically diminishing the presence of the active population in the local public life, especially in the rural areas; the local population is not sufficiently informed about the conditions and possibilities for participation in the local decision-making process.
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Innovation in the public sector is inseparable from the political, administrative and technological components and stages of public administration systems development. Purpose of the article is to analyse and define the emerging concept of collaborative innovation in the public sector and indicate the major challenges relating to their generation and implementation. Benchmarking, generalisation and synthesis will be used as the methods in order to achieve the purpose of the article. Contemporary challenges of public governance lead to the change of the concept and operational principles of public sector organisations and encourage the need for innovation. The traditional, hierarchical innovation development conception is changed by collaborative innovation, which is characterised by networking, promotion of creativity and unification of resources. Significant principles for effective collaborative innovation become inter-organisational trust, knowledge sharing, informal leadership, ensuring the necessary resources and conditions for experimentation. Application of collaborative innovations requires adaptation to the changing positions of power and transformation of traditional roles of public sector employees.
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The optimal size of government or the public sector in general has been the topic of many studies and debates all over the world. There are some who state that the public sector should play a much greater role in the economy, while others proclaim the private economy is a much better placed to generate the desired economic outcomes. This article investigates this issue and applies it to South Africa as there is no consensus on the optimal size of the South African government. The reporting formats of the National Treasury and South African Reserve Bank (SARB) were used to define the public sector, and estimate its actual size and contribution to the country’s economy. The research period ranges from 1992 to 2017. In theory, the BARS or Armey curve suggests that there exists an inverted U shape association between the size of government and optimal economic growth, and that was tested. Various regression equations were assessed using the fully modified OLS (FMOLS) estimation technique. The optimum level of the public sector size is estimated to be between 18 and 24% of the economy, which compares to the current level of between 30 and 50%, while optimal levels were experience between 2005 and 2007. The results suggest that the size of the South African public sector is significantly larger than optimal.
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This desk top research evaluated the effectiveness of Presumptive tax administration on revenue collection. The method of assessment and collection of presumptive tax were discussed as well as the challenges that are encountered by Zimbabwe Revenue Authority (ZIMRA) on presumptive tax administration on revenue collection. The challenges have negatively affected the collection of presumptive tax. The research findings revealed that the effectiveness of presumptive tax administration is affected by the high tax rates that were imposed by the ministry of finance relative to the income levels that the cottage industry earn on a monthly basis, high levels of corruption and the political interference that occur. The study recommends that authorities should implement a tax system that will provide mechanisms for the informal sector operators to graduate into the normal tax system as well as intensifying education and awareness campaigns to the informal sector operators.
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Corporate governance has received a lot of attention over the last few years. Major factors contributing to this are a number of major corporate fraud cases and the introduction of new regulations, such as the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in 2002 for American companies and the King II report for South Africa. The attention to corporate governance also leads to attention to information technology (IT) governance because IT plays a vital role in supporting business processes. Information technology governance is a subset discipline of corporate governance, focusing on information and technology and its performance and risk management. Information technology governance is essential to ensure that the National Regulator for Compulsory Specifications (NRCS)gets expected return on investment. Information technology (IT) governance is all about the implementation of processes, structures and mechanisms that enable business to realise value from IT investment. The main objective of this study was to evaluate the impact and effectiveness of IT governance in NRCS. The researcher’s aim was: to examine the effectiveness of IT controls implemented on the NRCS IT systems; the enforcement of IT policies; the alignment of the IT department with business; and accountability of IT management. This study was conducted using a qualitative research design – specifically case study as a research method. A case study allowed the researcher to gather information through interview questions and observation of the target population, which comprises NRCS management, IT personnel and systems. To conclude the study, the researcher has identified factors prohibiting the NRCS IT department to enforce and implement IT governance for NRCS to realise return on investment they made on IT infrastructure. The inferences may be drawn that effectiveness of IT governance can be achieved by training management and IT personnel in IT governance, using approved IT policies and aligning IT strategy with a business strategy.
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Global organizations have become more and more informed and more demanding in identifying and selecting the best suppliers for technological infrastructure, for courses, services and implementations.With the global development of new information and communication technologies, they will have to be applied in more and more countries, in more languages and in more and more cultures. Dissemination of knowledge through books, articles, research, professional organizations, conferences, seminars, courses will increase as new concepts and new technologies will be implemented in organizations in order to improve the training and through this to increase the efficiency of their own human resources.Younger generations that grew up in the digital age will require more interesting, exciting and entertaining learning experiences that are consistent with the way in which they collaborate, work and learn. The E-learning technologies are becoming more and more accessible, e-learning can be used on more and more communication devices.
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There is a lack of common and clear methods for calculating correction factors in determining the amount of rent for use of land plots located in the territory of the municipality on state property, and the rate of rent is therefore not delimited. Land plots which are under municipal ownership objectively necessitate the perfection of a technique of defining rent for use of land plots, taking into account the interests of both the tenants and the municipality as lessor. This often comes at the expense of correction coefficients which, on the one hand, can lead to the deterioration of the investment climate in the municipality due to the overestimated value of the coefficients. On the other hand, they can lead to a significant decrease in budgetary revenues due to the underestimated value of these coefficients in lease of land plots.
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