Формирането на стратегийна компетентност в обучението по български език и литература в I – IV клас като предпоставка за успешна социализация

Author(s): Neli Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

The problem of the formation of strategic competence in the context of Bulgarian language and literature learning – teaching is interpreted in the article. The main focus is on the choice of adequate communicative strategies in speech communication. The role of the teacher as a facilitator in the reception and processing of literary and linguistic information is clarified. The importance of the formation of the strategic competence of primary pupils as a prerequisite for their successful socialization is underlined.

A study of threats in the information environment on the example of discussions about Russophobia in the Polish-language section of Facebook based on data from 2018 and January-April 2022

Author(s): Kamil Baraniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 28/2023

The article analyses the accounts most involved in initiating discussions about Russophobia in the Polish-language section of the Facebook social network in 2018 and in the period January-April 2022. The research process was carried out using quantitative trend analysis of the occurrence of a keyword related to discussion about Russophobia, network analysis and frame analysis. The author’s intention was an in-depth description of how this group of social media users reacted to the situational factor shaping the information environment, which was Russia’s invasion of Ukraine. The author sought to answer the question of how the observed phenomena affected the information security of the state. The study noted positive changes in the segment of the information environment concerning the discussion of Russophobia.

Odbiorca medialny w erze Web 2.0

Author(s): Jolanta Maćkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The article is devoted to outlining the profile of a new media recipient, or rather a media user. It is assumed that new technologies, or rather a new way of using these technologies (Web 2.0), contributed to this. The new way of using means unlimited choice of content as well as time, place and way of reaching it; non-linear and superficial reception; interactivity; the possibility of modifying and creating messages. The new user is mainly superficial, impatient and impulsive, receiving non-linearly and comprehensively, more image-oriented than word-oriented, active.

Fandom Gry o tron. Władza i kultura w środowiskach fanowskich

Author(s): Katarzyna Piórecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

Fans represent a shift in media consumption, and their patterns of behaviour are increasingly visible outside their communities, in other groups. With the observed shift towards a network society, of which fandoms are an emanation, the field of social conflict begins to operate within culture. Cultural power over media products no longer belongs only to the creators, but is also influenced by the users, who cease to passively consume products, creatively interpreting them and engaging in their development. The aim of the article was to show this process on the example of content analysis of internet entries created within the environment of the Game of Thrones fandom, including speculations which the fans of the brand carried out in the context of the plot development.

Dysfunkcje społeczne widziane z perspektywy dziecka. Analiza treści gier wideo studia Killmonday Games

Author(s): Adrianna Linertowicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The article presents knowledge in the field of child psychology in reference to social dysfunction in society on two video games produced by the Swedish studio Killmonday Games. The game „Fran Bow” from 2015 and „Little Misfortune” from 2019 were subject to content analysis. Based on both productions, it was shown how children can perceive events taking place in society. An attempt was also made to prove that video games have influence on the results of the actions of recipients with problems, with the effectiveness of action on children and the harmful impact on social phenomena.

Dezinformacja. Próba ujęcia dyskursywnego

Author(s): Karina Stasiuk-Krajewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The categories of disinformation and fake news are among the more frequently invoked concepts in the context of discussions about modernity. On the one hand, there is widespread agreement on the special (negative) role of media phenomena defined in this way, while on the other hand, a lot of research is being conducted to shed light on their nature and principles of operation. Meanwhile, there is a fundamental – at least from the point of view of the social sciences – problem with these concepts. Namely, we do not have their precise definitions. The presented text has the task of analyzing the state of affairs in this regard and proposing an adequate approach. This approach, in fact, identifies the category of disinformation with the category of fake news (in the broader sense), while pointing out the constitutive features of both these phenomena, related to the categories of truth, intention and media format. These features are analyzed in the context of the category of the media genre of information (more specifically, the information function understood in a pragmatic way) and the discursive framework of journalism, into which, as will be shown in the text, disinformation attempts to intrude.

Rosyjska dezinformacja i wykorzystanie obrazów generowanych przez sztuczną inteligencję (deepfake) w pierwszym roku inwazji na Ukrainę

Author(s): Adam Majchrzak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The article addresses the issue of the use of images generated with the use of artificial intelligence as part of disinformation in the first year of the Russian invasion of Ukraine (24.02.2022–24.02.2023). Based on the review of the literature, reports and media coverage in Polish, English, Ukrainian and Russian, examples of the use of deepfake in Russian disinformation were highlighted and how such technology was used and what was its significance in a theoretical context.

Komunikacja z wykorzystaniem sztucznej inteligencji w turbulentnych warunkach rynkowych

Author(s): Michał Makowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The paper presents the scope of application of artificial intelligence in the communication process. Particular attention was paid to the technology of bots used in new media. The functionality of these solutions in turbulent market conditions has been described, indicating both their positive and negative effects in turbulent communication conditions. The Author pointed out the advantages and disadvantages of practical applications of artificial intelligence in new media and the prospects for improving such communication possibilities.

Media w konflikcie interesów? Analiza deklaracji misji oraz sytuacji finansowej wybranych stacji radiowych

Author(s): Anna Teler / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

In the presented work, new opportunities were sought to address conflicts of interest in the media industry. It was considered, according to Dennis Thompson’s definition, that a conflict of interest is a series of circumstances and a legitimate concern that a secondary objective will affect the primary one. The primary interest refers to the primary, even statutory goals of the media business, namely the fulfilment of the social mission, while the secondary interest includes personal benefit. It seems that in the media, profit should not be the primacy – rather, it should be a certain prism. The purpose of the article is to formulate a certain proposal, based on the renegotiation of the current state. A so-called third way (relative to non-profit and for-profit activities) is proposed, which is worth further discussion. To this end, an analysis of the financial situation and an analysis of the declared mission of selected media entities was conducted: radio stations such as BBC Radio, WWOZ, WRBH. Careful tracing of these two dimensions (mission and finances) makes it possible to deepen the discourse related to the conflict of interest. It also provides a proposal for renegotiating beliefs about the media business in general. For the purpose of the article and research objective, the research question was formulated: Does the media have to choose between profit and social mission? The obtained research results and the discussion of the results do not allow to answer the research question in the affirmative. With this, it can be assumed that media organizations do not have to choose between profit and social mission. The changing situation of the BBC in the coming years, including BBC Radio, requires further observation and verification of whether the British broadcaster will become a recognized and recognized case of combining profit with mission, perhaps even in a sustainable and inclusive way.

Reklama i promocja piwa w nowych mediach w świetle przepisów prawa polskiego

Author(s): Maria Szajny,Julia Molibog / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The purpose of this article is to examine how brewery brands portray their products on Facebook and Instagram, and whether their practices comply with current laws in Poland. The theoretical part presents selected legal issues in the field of advertising and promotion of alcoholic beverages. The empirical part uses the methodology of qualitative research. Firstly, a technique of media content analysis was used based on the use of categorization key. Next, a focus interview was conducted with 5 people of different age and gender on the associations that graphic identification of selected beer brands evokes in them. The combination of these 2 methods provided a better understanding of the given research problem. It was proved that brewery brands only partially follow the rules established by the Polish legal order regarding advertising and promotion on social media platforms.

Polaryzacja medialna na przykładzie kryzysu migracyjnego na granicy polsko-białoruskiej latem 2021 roku w relacjach trzech polskich telewizyjnych serwisów informacyjnych

Author(s): Monika Kożdoń-Dębecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The article presents a television image of the migration crisis that took place on the Polish section of the border between the EU and the Republic of Belarus at the turn of August and September 2021, with a particular focus on the phenomenon of polarization in Polish audiovisual media. The study analyses the news coverage of the news services of the three largest Polish television broadcasters: Wiadomości TVP, Wydarzenia Polsat and Fakty TVN. The following methods were used in the analysis of the content of television news: qualitative, quantitative and comparative. The study made it possible to identify (using the framing theory and agenda setting) fundamental differences in the information provided by the most critical tv broadcasters in Poland devoted to this issue. The differences identified by the author were revealed primarily in the editors’ approach to the order in which selected content was presented, in the verbal and visual layer Monika Kożdoń-Dębecka 162 of news about migrants, and in the manner of commenting on the materials of competing stations by individual competing editorial offices. The results of the content analysis provide also insight into the type of polarizing processes in the audiovisual media in Poland.

Odcienie technologii VR. Zaburzenia odżywiania jako przykład psychospołecznych konsekwencji wykorzystania technologii wirtualnej rzeczywistości

Author(s): Gabriela Motyl / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

Nowadays, with the development of virtual space, it is evident that society is becoming more susceptible to content and models created online. Moreover, the boundary between the real world and the virtual world is slowly becoming blurred. Cyberspace creates advantageous conditions for development but is also a source of danger in all aspects of life. The purpose of this paper is to take a critical look at the use of VR technology and the analysis of the psychosocial consequences of its utilization. The article is a systematization of knowledge about the areas of use and opportunities offered by virtual reality, as well as the hazards it causes. The topics covered in the article address the psychosocial consequences of the use of virtual reality. It also focuses on analysing the influence of VR usage on the escalation of specific eating disorders.

Peter Warren Singer, Emerson T. Brooking, Nowy rodzaj wojny: media społecznościowe jako broń

Author(s): Robert Borkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 24/2021

Polecenia zawarte w instrukcjach badań logopedycznych w kontekście naturalności komunikacyjnej

Author(s): Jolanta Skowronek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2021

The manuals and instructions included with ready-made diagnostic tools show how to formulate commands to properly examine the child. Unfortunately, many times this turns out to be insufficient for children to freely interact with the diagnostician. The style of the instructions contained in the tests is very different from the features of children’s language and communication. The article analyzes the instructions of Danuta Emiluta-Rozya’s Comprehensive Speech Therapy Examination and Joanna Gruby’s Child Speech Therapy Assessment Cards in the context of communicative naturalness.

Wpływ typu relacyjności na recepcję tekstu: Wnioski z eksperymentu

Author(s): Daria Andrzejewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

The subject of this article are four types of text relationality, that is the H2H effect. The research perspective adopted falls within the basic assumptions of linguistics, and in particular within the research on plain language in Poland and the world. The purpose of the experiment is to determine the impact of the H2H effect on the effectiveness of the text and how the sender is perceived. The first part is focused on the techniques of simplifying the text in terms proposed by the Pracownia Prostej Polszczyzny (PPP UWr), discussing in particular the stage related to building relationships in the text. The author then explains the origins of the concept of H2H and its division into four relational types. She also indicates the typical exponents of the sender (H1) and receiver (H2). The most important part, however, is the survey experiment that author conducted. The research questions concern how the four H2H types affect participant engagement, text evaluation and how the sender is perceived. It turns out that the role of H1 and H2 exponents is crucial in building the relatability of the text.

A zsidóság kifosztását célzó jogszabályok és azok kommunikációja az észak-erdélyi sajtóban a második világháború idején

Author(s): Enikő Orsolya Nagyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 2/2023

In my research, I focus on the economic plundering part of the anti-Jewish legislation during the Second World War, and I investigate how the Hungarian press publications of the time communicated the legislation on the expropriation of Jewish property. Based on the press sources’ reports, I map the entire process of the publication and application of the decrees and laws on economic plunder, as well as the plunder legislation itself.

COMMUNICATION STYLES OF SOCIAL NETWORKS AND CYBERBULLYING

Author(s): Silva Banović / Language(s): English Issue: 8/2023

The research was conducted to examine communication styles on social networks and the prevalence of cyberbullying among the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina. The survey included 250 respondents, of both sexes, from the territory of Bosnia and Herzegovina. Respondents answered individually via an online questionnaire. The results showed that social networks are widely used in Bosnia and Herzegovina; as many as 94.8% of respondents use Facebook, 82.3% use Instagram, and 32.9% use Tik Tok. All three communication styles (aggressive, passive, and assertive) are also present when communicating online on social networks. Assertive and passive ways of communicating are more common than aggressive ones. At least a third of the respondents included in this research were exposed to cyberbullying. Along with the numerous advantages of communication via social networks, it has its disadvantages. The existence of victims of violent communication on social networks is a non-negligible fact. There is an obvious necessity to detect and remediate this relatively new social problem, and also the need to provide adequate social and counseling services for the protection of the citizens of Bosnia and Herzegovina against violent online communication.

IZAZOVI I OBRAZOVANJE NOVE GENERACIJE UČENIKA

Author(s): Sanda Milošević / Language(s): Bosnian,Croatian,Serbian Issue: 8/2023

The challenges in educating the generation, which uses smartphones before it can walk and utter the first words, and leaves its first "digital footprint" on the Internet even before it is born, are great and present a serious task to both parents and teachers. Members of this generation in English-speaking countries are designated as the alpha generation, and the generation timeline includes young people who were born between 2010 and 2024.The research was carried out in "Mladen Stojanović" Elementary School in Laktaši, and our intention is to gather information and to raise awareness of various aspects of the use of the Internet and digital technologies and their effects, both positive and negative, regarding the alpha generation of students. Students filled out a questionnaire, independently or with the help of a teacher, which was designed to give us an insight into the scope of Internet use among children of this age, such as the number of hours spent on the Internet and the devices used by children. One part of the questionnaire scrutinizes the use of social networks and digital skills, and the final part of the questionnaire refers to the dangers and risks that these students may have, as well as looking into the influence of parents and teachers on the safe and constructive use of the Internet and digital technologies. In our work, we also deal with the question of how prepared our school system is for the challenges in educating members of this generation. We contribute an overview of good examples in our country and in the region and based on the findings from the questionnaire, we will try to provide some principles for innovation and work for teachers, parents and pedagogues.

Виржини Мартан: След появата на Еманюел Макрон през 2017 г. достигнахме абсолютната висота на политическия „спектакъл“

Author(s): Maglena Gurkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2023

Virginie Martin is a French political scientist and teacher. She graduated in Political Science in Paris and holds a PhD in Political Science. Her research focuses on political life in France, on fundamental issues related to democracy, political representation, citizenship, extremism.

Rosyjskie skrzydlate słowa w polskim dyskursie internetowym

Author(s): Jadwiga Tarsa / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

This article is devoted to the functioning of Russian winged words in the Polish Internet discourse. The analysis of the material collected from a variety of websites, blogs, comments, and demotivators showed that Russian winged words are present in the statements of Internet users. In newspaper articles and news programmes, the author or the source of the winged word appears more often, while the authors of blogs and demotivators use Russian units which have lost the link with the source and are easily modifiable. Most often, in the statements of young people there are those that do not require linguistic and cultural competences; they constitute unnamed, permanent expressions for the broadcasters. It can therefore be assumed that the younger generation (including the authors of demotivators) use Russian winged words without being aware of their origin, and their lexicon includes those that are universal in their meaning and do not carry additional contexts.