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DOES GRADUATING FROM MADRASA MAKE IT EASIER TO COPE WITH LIFE’S CHALLENGES? AN EXPLORATORY STUDY WITH MADRASA GRADUATES IN KOSOVO

Author(s): Muhadin GASHI,Mehmet ŞANVER / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: Madrasa Graduates; Religious Coping; Life;

Alauddin Madrasa has played an important role in Albanian society since its foundation until today. Madrasa graduates have a respectable place in society and as such have always been close to the people in the most difficult days. However, despite the contribution that madrasa graduates make to society, no one has been interested in their welfare. In other words: How do they cope with the challenges of life? The aim of this paper is to study the religious coping of madrasa graduates. To achieve this goal, a survey was conducted with 300 madrasa graduates. A construct measuring religious coping was adopted from the literature. Data were analysed using SPSS ver. 27. All mean scores obtained as a result of the research show that the level of religious coping of madrasah graduates is high. This indicates that madrasa graduates generally are coping quite well. The madrasa has prepared them well for the life challenges that graduates face. In light of these findings, the paper discusses the impact of studying in a madrasa and the lessons it teaches its graduates.

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STRATEGIES TEACHERS USE TO IMPLEMENT POSITIVE DISCIPLINE IN SCHOOLS

Author(s): Sindiswa S ZONDO,Vusi S MNCUBE,Emmanuel O ADU / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: Positive Discipline; Negative Discipline; Implementation; Strategy;

The use of corporal punishment is still prevalent in South African schools. Statistics South Africa report about 50 per cent of learners are exposed to corporal punishment in the KwaZulu Natal region. In comparison, in Gauteng, 34 per cent of learners are subjected to corporal punishment and in the Eastern Cape, it is close to 20 per cent. In essence, corporal punishment has been illegalized, yet it still manifests in schools. The study explored the strategies teachers use to implement positive discipline in schools. The findings revealed a variety of strategies teachers use with the code of conduct as the most important strategy to implement positive discipline. However, the findings also revealed that many participants believed that using a code of conduct (or positive discipline) to enhance positive behavior was a waste of time and ineffective. Thus, continued to use negative disciplinary measures to deal with misbehaving learners.

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A COMPARATIVE STUDY ON THE USE OF PROGRESSIVE FORMS IN THE ALBANIAN - ENGLISH TRANSLATION OF THE NOVEL ‘THE DOLL’ BY ISMAIL KADARE

Author(s): Anisa BEADINI,Arta TOÇI / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2023

Keywords: Translation; Progressive Tense; Tense Shift; Meaning; Form;

Translation is a process that incorporates two languages and two cultures, it is considered as an act of conveying a message from one society to another. Languages contain different expressions, literary aspects for which translation enables them to be delivered to other cultures. The focus of this research is on the progressive or continuous tenses of Albanian and English language. The progressive tenses of both languages show an ongoing action at an unspecific time in the present, past or in the future. To conduct this research and to analyze and contrast the progressive tenses, we have used the novel “Kukulla” – “The Doll” by Ismail Kadare. The novel has an intriguing, specific topic which is not commonly used in literary texts. Besides its topic, the cultural aspects that Ismail Kadare has masterly incorporated in the novel make it a distinct and important novel to analyze. The aim of this research is to clarify the aspect of progressive tenses of Albanian language and English language. It aims to identify and analyze whether the tense shift from Albanian language to English language changes the meaning and the form of the source text.

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QUALITY COSTS FROM AN ENVIRONMENTAL ACCOUNTING PERSPECTIVE: THE CASE OF THE DEEPWATER HORIZON

Author(s): Ali KESTANE,Süleyman Yükçü / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Environmental Accounting; Quality Costs; Corporate Sustainability;

When we look at the past of human history, it is known that numerous events that cause loss of life and property have occurred. The negativities experienced arise due to both the human hand and the reactions of nature. The accident doesn't say I'm coming, but it can give a signal! Because when looking at the cause of many events, it is possible to see that some messages are actually hidden. For example, the decrease in the diversity of living species comes from the fact that humans are killing nature. Considering the losses here, it is not possible not to mention the concept of cost. It is clear that every positive or negative event or situation experienced has a cost in one's life. At this point, what is needed to manage costs and maintain human life on a higher quality ground? Just as nature prefers to receive in return for what it offers, human beings will want to receive in return for their attitudes and behaviors. Then, two key tools emerge, on which man must concentrate in the nature he lives in; quality and cost. Because, in the face of the concept of quality, which consists of living to the standards that should be, the costs, which are the cost of the relevant life, show themselves. Therefore, the issue of quality costs is very important in the continuation of human life. This study, it is aimed to examine the Deepwater Horizon oil platform accident in terms of quality costs and to make suggestions in terms of quality costs to prevent its recurrence. The aforementioned disaster has been evaluated over its quality costs, and a predictable cost table has been presented to avoid the repetition of its consequences. As a result of the study, it was concluded that the disaster in question killed sustainability. To avoid similar cases in the future, suggestions have been made for the costs of failure.

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THE IMPACT OF OWNERSHIP TYPE ON THE QUALITY OF STUDY PROGRAMS IN THE HIGHER EDUCATION SECTOR OF KOSOVO: A COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS

Author(s): Qëndresa KUKAJ,Anita BOROS,Kaltrinë BISLIMI / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Education; Ownership; Quality; Accreditation;

The sector of higher education in Kosovo has witnessed significant during the past two decades, with the establishment of private and public institutions leading to increased participation. However, concerns about the quality and the relevance of the study programs offered by these institutions have emerged. To address these concerns, a research study was conducted to evaluate the impact of ownership type on program quality. Based on the analysis of accreditation data, the study finds no significant differences in quality between private and public institutions. Nonetheless, further research is recommended to examine specific accreditation fields and other factors, including student quality, graduation rates, employment rates, student satisfaction, and academic staff quality, to understand the differences in program quality of private and public higher education institutions in Kosovo.

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PSYCHOPATHOLOGICAL SYMPTOMS IN THE MENTAL HEALTH OF PRISONERS (AZERBAIJAN CASE)

Author(s): Gulshan Aliyeva / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Prisoners; Mental Health of Inmates; Psychopathological Symptoms;

The main object of this study is to assess the prevalence of mental illness (diagnosis) and symptoms of psychopathology, evaluate the correlation between variables. (Independent variables: age, imprisonment years, marital status. Dependent variables: psychopathological symptoms). The survey study was conducted among inmates at correctional facilities in Azerbaijan. Participants were conducted from January 2023-March 2023. A total of participants was 45 male prisoners. Prisoners reported lifetime or current diagnosis of depression, anxiety, guilt feelings, tension, mental retardation and other disorder, as well as current mental health symptoms. Brief Psychiatric Rating Scale-BPRS was used to measure the symptoms, and SPSS program for analyzing the statistics. Of the 50 inmates invited to participate, 45 (90%) of them were consistent with research (mean [SD] age, 41,1 [5.3] years; 45 [100%] male; imprisonment years 9,51 [2.9]; 26 [57,8%] of them have previous imprisonment experience, 19 [42,2%] of them don’t have any punishment before). A statistically significant positive correlation was examined between the increasing age factor of the prisoner and the symptoms of somatic anxiety, thought disorders, tension, mannerism and posturing, slowness of movements, disruption of social cooperation, unusual content of thoughts, blunting of affect (r= 0.633* *,*p<0.05, **p<0.01); a positive significance statistical correlation was examined between the increasing sentence duration and the mental health problems (r= 0.459**,*p<0.05, **p<0.01); Mental health problems of persons who had previous prison experience were higher than persons convicted for the first time, respectively: 31.7±10.1 and 28.53±9.4 (F=2.64; p=0.111; t=-1,08; df=43); Lack of family support was followed by negative consequences in their mental health. Thus, the total index of mental disorders in unmarried persons is 25.4±9.8; 27.06±6.4 in married people; 40±5.6 was obtained in divorced and isolated individuals. Moreover, educational factor of the prisoners shows its effect in maintaining their emotional stability and knowledge about mental health problems.

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BIBLIOMETRIC ANALYSIS OF ENTREPRENEURIAL PERSONALITY WITH SCIENCE MAPPING TECHNIQUE

Author(s): Yasin AKKUŞ / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: Entrepreneurial Personality; Entrepreneurship; Bibliometric Analysis; Science Mapping; VOSviewer;

It is seen that the importance of entrepreneurship at regional and global levels is increasing day by day. The roles of entrepreneurs in this increase are pretty remarkable. Many studies have been conducted to understand entrepreneurs' roles better and reveal the factors that push individuals toward entrepreneurship in a better way. Some of these researches are shaped around the concept of entrepreneurial personality. It is seen that this concept, which includes both entrepreneurship and personality, is examined in a multidisciplinary manner. A bibliometric analysis was conducted to examine how studies on entrepreneurial personality have been handled from past to present and other characteristics. The Web of Science database encountered 169 studies on entrepreneurial personality between 1977 and 2023. VOSviewer program was used to visualize these studies with scientific mapping techniques. In addition, the MaxQDA program was used for additional analysis. As a result, it is seen that studies on entrepreneurial personality are shaped around different countries and different author groups. In addition, it has been concluded that academic interest in entrepreneurial personality has increased, and this increase will continue. It is thought that studies on entrepreneurial personality are effective in explaining a structure that expands from the individual to society and economy.

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Aesthetic Transformations of the Image of the Opera Singer Vasyl Slipak in Contemporary Popular Culture

Author(s): Oleksandra Vasylieva / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2023

Keywords: opera; drama; music; postmodernism; Ukraine;

The opera, whose nature is synthetic and spectacular, is sensitive to social upheavals and changing priorities in artistic interests. Thus, in the postmodern era, opera art is revealed to the mass audience and gets closer to popular culture; it adapts to new aesthetic trends and at the same time influences them. One of the bridges that connect opera with popular culture is the figures of famous composers and star performers. Contemporary culture uses and rethinks the images of real-life opera stars, as well as some collective generalized images of opera singers. The Ukrainian opera singer Vasyl Slipak became a hero of popular culture—his story fits perfectly into the global pop cultural narratives of death in the battle for freedom. His image resonates with the current cultural zeitgeist and embodies the essence of Ukrainian society under the Russian invasion and its values. Modern artists skillfully incor- porate his iconic persona into the realms of drama, theater, and music, showcasing their ingenuity and creativity.

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Performing the Power of the Photography BeHere/1942 by Masaki Fujihata

Author(s): Jakub Kłeczek / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2023

Keywords: the viewers. Particular attention is paid to interactivity; a new understanding of historical photography; and the act of photographing as a performance of power;

The aim of this article is to analyze the art and research project BeHere/1942 (2022) by the Japanese media artist Masaki Fujihata. The collectively created intermedia system, which enables viewer participation, refers to a forgotten series of propaganda photographs documenting the internment of West-Coast Americans of Japanese descent in the Little Tokyo district of Los Angeles. BeHere/1942 employs creative strategies developed by Fujihata, who is an acclaimed pioneer of the use of augmented reality technology in media art. The project also constitutes a daring form of critique of the dominant media narrative about the historical event. The article examines the forms of experience in which the creators of BeHere/1942 enmesh

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Performing—Feeling, Auto-Transformation, and Expression Tang Shu-wing and His Theatre Studio in Hong Kong

Author(s): Tang Shu-wing,Marzenna Wiśniewska / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2023

Keywords: Tang Shu-wing; Asian theater; physical theater; actor’s training;

This article presents the multifaceted persona of Tang Shu-wing, an acclaimed director, actor, and drama teacher, and examines his profound connections with the Polish theater tradition, particularly Jerzy Grotowski. The text also discusses Tang Shu-wing’s Shakespearean productions staged in Warsaw and Gdańsk. Marzenna Wiśniewska’s introduction contextualizes the appendix, which contains the edited transcript of a lecture delivered by Tang Shu-wing during the international online conference Contemporary Acting Techniques in Eurasian Theatre, Performance and Audiovisual Art: Intercultural and Intermedia Perspective (2021). In this lecture, thedirector characterizes the main ideas underlying his actor training and work on performances at the Tang Shu-wing Theatre Studio in Hong Kong. An essential part of the presentation is the characterization of Tang Shu-wing’s philosophy of art, including the four stages of an artist’s development and the methodology of authorial performance grounded in pre-verbal expression and body-based mini- malist aesthetics.

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Social Commerce and Livestreaming E-commerce phenomenon as a new driving force for China E-commerce market development

Author(s): Karolina Wydymus / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2023

Keywords: Social Commerce; Livestreaming E-commerce; Livestreaming; Modern China; social media; Influencers;

The prevalence of E-commerce with social media led to the possibility of promoting and selling goods in a more efficient way with higher customer interaction. Social media are no longer used for entertainment only but also to connect companies, influencers, and potential consumers which, in turn, led to the livestreaming E-commerce development. The aim of the given research paper is to present the phenomenon of Chinese Social Commerce and Livestreaming E-commerce with a comparison to the Western environment, and to investigate different approaches to this trend between Chinese and Western users including illustrating the results of conducted analysis. The paper discussed the main factors that determine Livestreaming E-commerce adaptation in different countries, i.e., cultural differences, customers, attitudes, and level of interest. The article confirms the phenomenon of livestreaming worldwide, emphasizing, however, that livestreaming E-commerce in China is prospecting on a much wider scale than it is in any other country, becoming part of daily life for Chinese people nowadays. It allowed to shed light on the key successful factors and differences between countries regarding this trend. The article uses such research methods as literature analysis, secondary, and primary (survey) data analysis.

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THEORETICAL VIEWS OF THE CRITIC ALI NAZIM ON LITERARY PROCESS OF THE 1920- 1930S IN AZERBAIJAN

Author(s): Nuranə ƏSƏDULLAYEVA / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: 1920-1930s; literary process; literary criticism; Ali Nazim; ideology;

In the 1920s - 30s, the literary process in Azerbaijan went through a peculiar way of development; the contradictions and complexity of political processes and the anti-humanist nature of political administration have determined the development of literary studies in this direction. As ideological approaches and class relations spread to literature, these conditions became more and more clearly manifested in its evaluation. This process existed weakly or strongly not only in those years, but also in the following decades. All this shows that the contradictions of social life and the literary process have been overcome by literary studies in one way or another. As a result of this, vulgar sociological tendencies appeared in literary criticism and literary studies, and classism was applied in the evaluation of literature. In this regard, the articles and investigations of Bekir Chobanzade, Mehdi Huseyn, Ali Nazim, Amin Abid, Hanafi Zeynalli, Mustafa Guliyev, Mirza Kazim Alakbarli, Mikayil Rafili and others could not escape from classism and ideological approaches. Only after the 1960s, as a result of the weakening of administrative criteria in literary evaluation, literary studies was able to escape serious distortions. The presented article examines the ideological approaches of the critic Ali Nazim (1906-1941) in his theoretical views on the literary process of the 1920s-30s.

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THE EFFECT OF BRAND EXPERIENCE ON CONSUMER LOYALTY IN GLOBAL BRANDS: BRAND RESEARCH

Author(s): Songül ZEHİR,Aynura ALIYEVA / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: brand experience; brand satisfaction; brand loyalty;

The main purpose of this research is to examine the mediating role of brand satisfaction in the relationship between brand experience and brand loyalty. Similar studies have been carried out in many countries, especially in Turkey. This research is important for Azerbaijan as it was conducted for the first time in Azerbaijan, a developing country. It is also important because it will contribute to the literature of research conducted in other countries in this field. A questionnaire was prepared for the research. The subjects using the sales stores in shopping centers operating in Azerbaijan and global textile brands were chosen as the target audience. A questionnaire form was sent to these people by e-mail and they were asked to respond. The questionnaire was arranged in Google Forms and the data obtained were analyzed with the SPSS program. Survey consisting of demographic questions, general shopping questions and 26 questions covering 3 dimensions. Dimensions were determined as brand experience, brand satisfaction, and brand loyalty. Sample management was easily selected, and participants were reached. This questionnaire was filled online during the Covid-19 process. Large sample numbers could not be reached due to the Covid-19 pandemic. 171 participants living in Azerbaijan responded to this research.

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STRESS HORMONE LEVELS and ACTN3 GENOTYPE IN YOUNG SOCCER PLAYERS

Author(s): Eli HANDJISKA,Zoran HANDJISKI,Metin DALIP,MESUT CERIT / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: Soccer; Hormones; ACTN3 genotype;

The studies show an exercise induced increasing of cortisol plasma concentrations in high level athletes, positive connected with sport performance. The aim of this study is to determine the ACTN3 genotype and its relation with the changes in ACTH and cortisol plasma levels of soccer players aged 15-17 years. 46 soccer players, aged 15-17 years, were included is this study. During a second half soccer season of 4 months (which starts after a month of rest after the finishing of first half season and usually the clubs have more time for preparation in winter period in this season) three times (at the beginning - P1, after 6 weeks of preparation period, before the start of the competitions - P2 and after the finishing of this process - P3), we measured: anaerobic threshold (AnT, km/h) and maximal speed of running (Max, km/h) with Conconi protocol on treadmill (after warming up on 6km/h, starting from 8km/h, after each 200 m, the treadmill speed was increased for 0.5km/h until individual maximal running speed and point of deflection was obtained) and venous blood was taken before and after maximal exercise test and plasma levels of cortisol (ug/dl) and ACTH (pg/ml) by chemiluminometry enzyme amplificated method. “The fast gene (RR variant) is also the most frequent one (44%) in our study, although the less frequent than in other countries, reported in relevant studies. In our study, the percentage of RX variant is also high (41%). The conclusion for possible overreaching or overtraining could be confirmed or excluded with more other laboratory findings and mood tests. In our study, we had insignificant changes of AnT and cortisol plasma levels after maximal exercise test. At the same, there were no significant correlations between ACTN3 genotype and AnT, according with the studies that report no influence of ACTN3 genotype on level of sport performance. This study did not show any significant correlations between variant of ACTN3 genotype and stress hormone levels before and after maximal exercise test in young soccer players. Actually, there was no significant influence of variant of ACTN3 genotype on exercise induced responses of stress hormone levels in young soccer players.

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A SOCIOLOGICAL RESEARCH CONCERNING THE STATE OF PUTTALAM IN SRI LANKA

Author(s): Ahamedsha AHAMED JAMSATH / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: Zakath; Economy; Poverty; distribution; organization;

The Muslim population around the world today has become disease stricken with poverty and has turned into one of the bottoms most sections of society. Even though measures have been taken to elevate the lifelines of poor people, it has not functioned as the perfect solution to eradicate poverty. But through Zakath - the Islamic poverty eradication system, the measures for improving the lives of poor people were carried out. Titled "A Sociological Research concerning the state of Puttalam", this research seeks to find out the role played by the Zakath system in improving the living standards of the people in Puttalam. This research was aimed at finding out the way the Zakath system is operated in this region, and to evaluate the role played by Zakath in changing the education, economic and sociological scenarios. As this is related to sociology, first stage and second stage collection methods were employed to obtain the required data for this research. The first stage data were obtained using the "Questionnaire" method. 60 people were selected using the "Simple Random sampling" method and were given the questionnaire. Out of them, 51 questionnaires were received back. Based on that, and through information obtained by interviews and observation, analysis was carried out. The second stage data was taken from the statistical information given in the registers of the Baithus Zakath, the internet, books and journals. It is important to mention that this research is divided into 5 chapters based on a variety of data as mentioned above. The titles contained in this, relates with the research hypothesis. From this research, we come to know that the Baithus Zakath organization in Puttalam is successful in eradicating poverty through building of houses, educational assistance fund, Nasrul Hasan and entrepreneurial encouragement. We could also infer that gathering collective Zakath and distributing it, will ensure the best benefit. In addition, this research was able to identify the challenges faced because of less clarity on the subject of Zakath, giver, giving of a smaller amount because of non-clarity on Nisab, the narrowing down of giving of Zakath to only family members and employees, ignorance of the fact that Zakath is a collective obligation, the criticism about Zakath organizations and the laxity of its administrators. All kinds of efforts were put in, to prove the hypothesis of this research in an elegant way. From this research it is clear that the Puttalam's Baithus Zakath fund is partly responsible in eradicating poverty.

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INVESTIGATING THE PROLONG ROHINGYA REFUGEE CRISIS IN BANGLADESH and INDIA

Author(s): Kaisayr Husein / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: Myanmar; Rohingya refugee crisis Bangladesh and India; citizenship; refugees; persecution; COVID19 pandemic; Sustainable solution;

The Rohingya, a minority Muslim ethnic group in Rakhine State of Myanmar considered is one of the most persecuted, destitute and oppressed minorities in the world. Rohingya have been facing persecution by the Buddhist majorities in Myanmar for almost seven decades and they are the victims of various forms of oppression in their ancestral land, such as land confiscation, arbitrary taxation, brutally tortured, destruction of mosques, restriction on movements, ill-treatment, extrajudicial executions, financials restrictions on marriage, force eviction and house destruction and so on. Since the 1970s, Rohingyas are being forced to flee into neighboring countries due to a number of crackdowns on Rohingyas. The paper is going to demonstrate underlying reasons and the crisis of Rohingya in Bangladesh and India as well as the situations of Rohingya plight into neighboring countries. This paper is also witnessed the suffering of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and India and key events happened in Arakan and Myanmar throughout the life of Rohingyas in across Myanmar. Their personal life, family and relatives have been being affected due to the violation of Rohingya rights by the successive Myanmar governments. They have lived, studied and worked in Myanmar for almost seven decades. The significant part of this reseach is mainly focused on the analysis of the crisis of Rohingya refugees in Bangladesh and India.

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ANALYSIS OF MONTESQUIEU’S VIEWS ON DESPOTISM

Author(s): Seyit Ali AVCU,Yusuf MUBARAK / Language(s): English / Issue: 59/2023

Keywords: Despots; Montesquieu; Arbitrary Rule; Constitution; Monarchs; Freedom;

The aim of this study was to examine Despotism most especially in the views of Montesquieu; an 18th Century French Philosopher. On the one hand, some scholars have argued that, he was the one who developed and introduced the term Despotism into Political Studies while on the other hand, others have disputed this claim. However, even though it is being asserted by some that he did not developed the term, but it is widely agreed that he was the one that developed the concept. The main goal is to find out how Despotism as a Political Ideology has helped to shape the study and understanding of Political Ideology. The study offers better comprehension and also, attempted to scrutinise the characteristics of this system of governance. It is assumed by many that, it is an ideology which is perceived with negative thoughts because it negatively affects the ethical fabric of societies. The pedals used by such leaders, governments or regimes to consolidate powers, stretches to an extent that they are seen to be above the law. Some Despots even consider themselves to be the law. This attribute has made many to get confused to an extent that they are unable to distinguish Dictatorial regimes from Despotic regimes. However, there is a clear political difference between the two. The protagonist of ideology, the execution of mind-control, the sway of media, the initiation of the misconception of solidarity, the hunt for opposition, arbitrary rule, etc. are all traits of Despotism.

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“Supped well, and mighty merry, and our fears over”: Food, Drink and Companionship as Escapism Philosophy in Samuel Pepys’s Diary

Author(s): Paweł Kaptur / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: Samuel Pepys; diary; food; drink; escapism;

The Diary of Samuel Pepys offers not only a firsthand account of the political and social life in the 17th-century England, but also a profound insight into the culinary habits of the diarist and his contemporaries. In circumstances of grief or jeopardy, Pepys appears to be searching for ways to obliterate and shun the peril by turning to his favourite pleasure which is food and drink enjoyed in a good company. The author clearly treats the activity as a form of escapism and a social emollient which mitigates feuds and conquers fears. The paper examines Pepys’s life philosophy focusing on those aspects of the Diary where eating and drinking appear as the main sources of the author’s merriness and a technique which helps to overcome the hardships and adversities of everyday life.

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Contemporary Reception of Erle Stanley Gardner’s Perry Mason Novel Series and Their Film Adaptations by Polish - and English-Speaking Audiences

Author(s): Marta Zapała-Kraj / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2021

Keywords: Erle Stanley Gardner; reception; crime novel; popularity;

This paper offers an overview of the reception of Erle Stanley Gardner’s series of novels about lawyer Perry Mason and the numerous film adaptations based on that series. It seeks to analyze their reception by contemporary Polish- and English-speaking readers and viewers. Accordingly, the statistics of readership and viewership of books, films and series based on the novels by Gardner are presented and discussed. The article is divided into five sections that deal with the following: Gardner as author; Gardner’s contribution to the development of serialized novel; editions of Gardner’s Perry Mason novels in the United States and in Poland; reception of Gardner’s Perry Mason novel series by Polish- and English-speaking readers, and reception of TV and film adaptations of these novels.

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THE PROJECT SUPPLY CHAIN – A MODEL OF THE RECENT DISRUPTION BROUGHT ON BY THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC AND THE WAR IN UKRAINE

Author(s): KARL SKOGSTAD,Marcin Halicki,Andreas Uphaus / Language(s): English / Issue: 43/2023

Keywords: disruption; model; project supply chain; disasters; simulation;

This paper examines the decisions companies must face while creating project supply chains, specifically concerning the number of suppliers from which to contract. This question is of importance as project supply chains are rarely described in the logistic literature. A theoretical model is developed to expound on this issue. This model is then used a basis for simulations which seek to understand under what conditions a firm may wish to insure itself against disruption by contracting with multiple suppliers. This model helps to study the impact of various disruptions, including COVID 19-pandemic or the war in Ukraine, on project supply chains. The paper finds that cost of establishing supplier relationships, the nature of the returns to scale, and the probability of a disruption are all key variables when determining how robust a firm should make their supply chain.

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