Keywords: poetry in Greek; University of Athens; Bulgarian Hellenists; Bulgarian Renaissance scholars
In the middle of the 19th century, a large number of Bulgarian Renaissance scholars, which included Ivan Seliminsky, Petar Protich and Gregor Parlichev, created poetry in Greek. The works which are presented by the three Hellenists in the present study are a valuable a source for some of the characteristic features of the Balkans, as well as the language characteristics and the particular style from each of them. P. Protich’s satire focuses on the dangers hidden in Hellenistic phenomena of the Balkan intelligentsia. The poems of Greg. Parlichev are distinguished for their rich poetic language and describe the struggle for liberation from the centuries long yoke of slavery, while Iv. Seliminsky presents events in Wallachia since the middle of the 19th century. In the life and spiritual attitude of these three Hellenists there is something very common – they attend Greek schools, they study at the University of Athens, live and work for the political and spiritual regeneration of the Bulgarian people.
In Modern Greek language, the verbs function extremely flexibly in terms of transitivity / intransitivity. In conversational speech, Greeks often violate syntactic norms, and many intransitive verbs change their character and become transitive.
The article covers issues in translating historical culture specifics from the Greek language. Translatability of such a specific lexical unit is admissible in principle, as long as the national and historical cultural colour is preserved in accordance with the artistic experience of the target environment and with the particular social and cultural context, provided that there is no excessive transcribing or providing of numerous explanations of the culture specifics in the fiction translation. The article places emphasis on the fact that solution should be sought on a case-bycase basis, in accordance with the choices, made by the translator, their skills, attitude and the linguistic tradition.
In this paper is presented the word “havra” from semantic point of view – its meanings, matchability, use, as well as the origin of the word “havra“ in Bulgarian, Greek and Russian with fair relevance in the examined three languages.
Keywords: Aristophanes; comedy The Birds; culinary code; “the lifestyle/ the diet of birds”; the alelofagiya motive
The article analyzes Aristophanes’ comedy The Birds performed in 414 BC at the City Dionysia and not long after the commencement of the Sicilian Expedition. The play is built largely on the specific culinary code defining the political and cultural „otherness” through „the birds’ life”. Information of this type can be organized into three main groups: – Motifs that characterize „the lifestyle/the diet of birds” scattered throughout the text of the comedy; – To this group gravitates the motive for the creation of the world as culinary confusion in so-called „Ornitogoniya” (vv. 693–702) in the first parabaza. – The alelofagiya’s motive, the motive of killing/eating conspecific, culminating in the episode with the penalty of rebelling against democracy birds (1579–1590; 1637; 1689), baked for the wedding of Pisthetaerus with Basileya.
Author(s): Elena Blagoeva / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-)
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: language tradition; language-specific features; language question; diglossia; Ancient Greek; Modern Greek
The paper deals with the Greek language question as well as the specific historic development of the Greek language. Special attention is paid to diglossia and the problems it brings about. The study highlights the points of view of the proponents of Dimotiki and Katharevousa, their contribution to the development of the language question and the theory of the unity of the Greek language. Last but not least, the paper also raises the issue of the arguments concerning the name of the Greek language (Dimotiki or Modern Greek) and its teaching.
Елинското училище в Търново и православният клир през първата половина на XIX век
Author(s): Vladimir Vladov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-)
/ Publication Year: 0
The present study deals with an important point in the history of the educational activities in the old capital city of Turnovo, namely the opening of a Hellenic school in 1821. The analysis of the data of its chronicle reveals the significant role of the Orthodox clergy, headed by the bishop of Turnovo, in relation to the establishment, organization and maintenance of the school. By the middle of the 19th c. it was not only the most authoritative centre of education in the city but it also had a leading role in the public and economic life of the Bulgarians.
Словообразувателни модели при калкиране на новогръцката лингвистична терминология
Author(s): Boris Vunchev,Irina Strikova / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Greek, Modern (1453-)
/ Publication Year: 0
The aim of this paper is to summarize the basic processes of word formation of Modern Greek linguistic terminology in the calquing of English linguistics terms into Modern Greek. The paper analyses processes of word formation such as suffixation, prefixation and neoclassical compounding.
This report makes a brief comparison of phraseologisms with unalterable pronoun and verb in Greek and Bulgarian. Pronouns don’t have declinable paradigm, don’t operate on grammatical and lexical level, they are simply a formal marker. Among them the two component’s Greek phraseologisms are the most difficult to locate and interpret because the phrases are very short, must function as free collocations, and in many cases are with opaque motivation.
Keywords: phraseological unit; semantic aspect; culture; linguistic consciousness
As designated as signs for second nomination, through its internal form the phraseological units are characterized with their feature to carry more enlarged knowledge and help to make more explicit the peculiarities of its world perception in comparison to the signs of first nomination. The present paper is an attempt the semantic aspect of the phraseological units of the semantic field of the concept „bread” to be analyzed and in particular the phraseological units of the model „wealth-poverty”, which belongs to the same semantic field. It is emphasized the central position of the bread in the linguistic consciousness of Bulgarians, Russians and Greeks, as well as its fundamental role in the culture of these three nations.
Триодные гомилии Псевдо-Афанасия Александрийского в новоизводных болгарских гомилиариях
Author(s): Vyacheslav V. Litvienko,Irina M. Gritsevskaya / Language(s): English,Russian,Old Bulgarian
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: Triodion homilies; Athanasius of Alexandria; novoizvodnye miscellanea; Euthymius of Tarnovo
Among the texts known to the Slavic people and ascribed to Athanasius of Alexandria there are seven that we find included in the medieval Triodion homiliaries. With the exception of one homily (i.e. Homily on the Betrayal of Jude), all of them were part of the Triodion Panegeric (Hilandar MS, Ohio, HM.SMS.404), whose origin is connected to the Patriarch Euthymius of Tarnovo and whose texts were later included in various Bulgarian, Serbian, and (sometimes) Russian miscellanea up until the XVII century. To have this many texts of Athanasius within one sbornik is quite unusual both for the Church Typica, and for the known Greek Homiliaries. It is suggested that this fact points to a unique feature of the type of Panegirics that were produced in the literary circle of scribes in Tarnovo.
Keywords: Cyril of Alexandria; Slavonic translation; Greek catena; Book of Isaiah; scholia
The article discusses some scholia by St. Cyril of Alexandria from the Greek Catena on the Book of Prophet Isaiah in comparison with the Preslav translation according to several representatives of the two Slavonic manuscript traditions – the Middle Bulgarian (F.I. 461 from the Russian National Library in Saint Petersburg) and the Russian ones (Mss. Chudovski 182, 183 and 184 from the State Historical Museum in Moskow and Ms. 89 and Ms. 90 from the Collection of the Troitse-Sergieva Laura). The parallels between the Greek and Slavonic manuscript traditions make it possible to draw the following conclusions. The complex Slavonic tradition should be explored because the Middle Bulgarian manuscript tradition is incomplete and represents only a part of the Preslav translation, and the conclusions made on its basis are incomplete. The parallel study of the Slavonic translation with samples from the Greek Catеnae shows that it is insufficient to work only with the full text of the commentary in Patrologia Graeca, as some translation decisions in Slavonic can be explained only by the Greek source used. The study of the scholia by St. Cyril of Alexandria in Slavonic translation, as well as the study of the scholia by Theodulus and John Chrysostom, point to the possibility that the Slavonic translation represents unknown or today unpreserved abbreviated version of the Greek catena.
Скалигеровият Патерик и двояката трансмисия на църковнославянските текстове
Author(s): William R. Veder / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Old Slavonic
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: text transmission in Slavonic; copying from Glagolitic; copying from Cyrillic; variation in copies; coincidental variation
An abridged version of the Slavonic Scaliger Patericon is shown to be copied both from Cyrillic and Glagolitic antigraphs; the same circumstance is observed in the translations of the Scete Patericon and Athanasius of Alexandria’s Homilies Against the Arians. Twofold transmission makes it possible to contrast the features of copying from Glagolitic with those of copying from Cyrillic.
Keywords: St. Basil of Caesarea; Old Bulgarian; Athos; Zographou
The article examines the Slavonic translation of the Asceticon Magnum and the ascetical sermons of St. Basil the Great, which can be found in the manuscript No. 3 from the library of the Zographou Monastery on Mount Athos. There are described the morphological and lexical features of this important text and also is presented the reception of this translation in the Slavic Middle Ages.
Keywords: Bulgarian diachronic lexicology; Middle Bulgarian; vocabulary of Patriarch Euthymius
The article summarises the author’s work on the excerpt of Letter N from the Glossary of Patriarch Euthymius. It presents a preliminary observation of part of the vocabulary in the writings of this 14th-century Bulgarian man of letters. The statistical structure of the Glossary is presented in summary – the letter N and the dissemination of the words beginning with N on the micro- and macro-level both in the works by this author and in the Medieval literature with a view to following the continuity of the language and influence of the Cyrillo-Methodian tradition on the writers associated with the Literary School of Tarnovo. A general characteristic of the Glossary is made in relation to the grammatical and semantic category of the constituent lexemes in comparison with the word-forming tendencies in the Old Bulgarian as well as with regard to the origin and functional delimitation of words. Special attention is paid to the vocabulary which has not been lexicographically described so far, as well as to the lexis which is considered diagnostic when ascribing this precise author to a particular literary tradition.
Keywords: Patriarch Eythymius; Bulgarian historical lexicology
The study is an essay to draw a classification of the lexemes with foreign origin, mostly Greek and Latin, according to the 13th original works of Patriarch Eythymius. Those lexical strata englobe multifunctional and nonhomogeneous unities, dispersed in different textual contexts. They are just a nuance, not the base of the vocabulary, but perform important historical, cognitive, and stylistic functions, rising the prestige of the lexical richness, and crediting it with international dimensions in basic conceptual spheres of Christianity.
Причастията в дионисиевия превод на словата против аномеите от св. Йоан Златоуст
Author(s): Kamen Dimitrov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,Old Bulgarian
/ Publication Year: 0
Keywords: participles; Middle Bulgarian language; Dionisiy Divniy; John Chrysostom; Tarnovo Literary School
The survey hereby focuses on the peculiarities of the participles in a hitherto linguistically unexplored text, namely the Middle Bulgarian translation of Contra Anomoeos („On the Incomprehensible Nature of God“) by John Chrysostom. It consists of six sermons, comprising the first part of the book Margarit (Pearl), a crucial component of the Slavic handwritten tradition. The study of the Slavonic translation of Margarit is very important for outlining the translation practice of the scholars of the literary circle around Theodosius of Tarnovo. The survey is based on the earliest Bulgarian transcript – manuscript F.I.197, kept in The National Library of Russia, Saint Petersburg – written in the middle of the fourteenth century. The manuscript is considered to have been composed during the lifetime of his translator – the scholar Dionisiy Divniy. The article highlights a high degree of similarity between the linguistic devices used by Dionisiy Divniy and by the other representatives of the Turnovo Literary School from the fourteenth century.
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