Преводачески трансформации при формирането на езикови единици в сферата на ИКТ (по материал от руски и български език)
Translation transformations during formation of language units in the field of ICT (based on Russian and Bulgarian language material)

Summary/Abstract: In this article, an attempt is made to describe the translation transformations (techniques / approaches / methods) that are used in the process of borrowing units from the English language, as the primary source of the special vocabulary in the field of ICT in two typologically close languages – Russian and Bulgarian. In connection with the high dynamics of development and nomination of novelties in this field, direct borrowing of linguistic material from the donor language is often used. In addition to it, the following translation transformations are used for the transfer of units into the target language from the original: descriptive translation, transliteration, transcription, loan translation. The partial and mixed use of these methods leads to the creation of units of a hybrid type, and this in turn creates new word-forming patterns. Regardless of the genetic proximity of the languages, during the research a preponderance was established for using some of the transformations, as a very characteristic approach in the Russian language is transliteration, while transcription is observed in the Bulgarian language.

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