A foglalkoztatás területi koncentrációjának változásai Magyarországon a népszámlálások ingázási adatai alapján, 1990–2011
Changes in Regional Concentration of Employment in Hungary Based on Data for Commuting of Population Censuses, 1990–2011

Summary/Abstract: Commuting, an outstandingly important phenomenon of modern labour market and spatial flow research, is surveyed only at population censuses. The present paper reviews the process of increasing spatial separation between the residence and the working place in the period of 1960–2011. After giving and overview about the problems in interpretation of data on commuting, the paper details underlying general and periodically changing reasons, taking a standpoint for a modernization trend, which represents the expansion of labour division and slackening of the majority of settlements’ labour markets. Impacts of the transitions after 1990 on the size of commuting are analyzed in detail. It is shown why the opinion is incorrect that labour market pinch after the change of the regime concerned commuters most. The coherence between the growth of commuting volume and the level of employment, just like the high regional differences are also shown for the period after the turn of the millennium. Finally, the analysis of data of 2011 describes the main reasons for differences in commuting pattern, factors of partial shifts in commuting destinations, among others also the rapid growth in migration abroad after accession to the Schengen Treaty.

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