6th International Scientific Conference EMAN 2022– Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, Online/virtual, March 24,
2022
6th International Scientific Conference EMAN 2022– Economics & Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times, CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS, Online/virtual, March 24, 2022
Contributor(s): Vuk Bevanda (Editor)
Subject(s): Social Sciences, Economy
ISSN: 2683-4510
Published by: Udruženje ekonomista i menadžera Balkana
Keywords: Economics; Management; Balkan; DEA; Digitalization; Education; Global economy; Information and Communication
technology; Knowledge
Summary/Abstract: EMAN conference aims to bring together the international academic community (experts, scientists, engineers, researchers, students, and others) and enable interactive discussions and other forms of interpersonal exchange of experiences and popularization of science and personal and collective affirmation. The annual EMAN conference is committed to the highest standards of publishing integrity and academic honesty ensuring ethics in all its publications. Conformance to standards of ethical behavior is therefore expected of all parties involved: authors, editors, reviewers, and the publisher. The conference organizer follows the Committee on Publication Ethics (COPE) guidelines on how to deal with potential acts of misconduct. All received full papers prior peer review process are subject to plagiarism check with iThenticate by Turnitin software. Any identified plagiarism automatically disqualifies a paper. Afterward, all full papers are double-blind peer-reviewed by the reviewers drawn from the editorial committee or external reviewers depending on the topic, title, and the subject matter of the paper. Peer reviewers provide a critical assessment of the paper and may recommend improvements. Although the author may choose not to take this advice, editors highly recommend that the author address any issues, explaining why their research process or conclusions are correct. Association of Economists and Managers of the Balkans headquartered in Belgrade – Serbia along with the partner institutions, namely Faculty of Management Koper – Koper, Slovenia; DOBA Business School - Maribor, Slovenia; Integrated Business Faculty - Skopje, North Macedonia and Faculty of Management - Zajecar, Serbia organized Sixth International Scientific Conference on Economics and Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times - EMAN2022. The conference was held in Ljubljana, Slovenia (online/virtually). Participation in the conference took nearly 140 researchers representing 23 different countries from different universities, eminent faculties, scientific institutes, colleges, various ministries, local governments, public and private enterprises, multinational companies, associations, etc.
Series: International Scientific Conference EMAN Economics and Management: How to Cope with Disrupted Times
- Print-ISBN-13: 978-86-80194-57-8
- Page Count: 316
- Publication Year: 2022
- Language: English, Croatian, Slovenian, Serbian
Lockdown Policies and Fiscal Policy Stimulus Packages: Cross-Country Evidence from COVID-19 Era
Lockdown Policies and Fiscal Policy Stimulus Packages: Cross-Country Evidence from COVID-19 Era
(Lockdown Policies and Fiscal Policy Stimulus Packages: Cross-Country Evidence from COVID-19 Era)
- Author(s):Mert Topcu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:1-4
- No. of Pages:4
- Keywords:Lockdown policy; Fiscal stimulus package; COVID-19
- Summary/Abstract:Lockdown policies, at the forefront to mitigate the spread of the coronavirus, have led governments to face a trade-off between health and recessionary impacts. To deal with the devastating economic impacts of the pandemic, governments around the world have announced stimulus packages. Given the fiscal burden of health-oriented policies, this study investigates the impact of lockdown policies on fiscal policy stimulus packages. Using simple cross-country OLS regression for 162 countries, this study finds that a stricter lockdown policy requires a higher stimulus package. In addition, threshold regression results indicate that a stringent policy is associated with a higher stimulus package for the countries where income distribution is relatively unequal and institutional quality is relatively lower.
Can Fiscal Decentralization Reduce the Public Sector Size in Europe: An Empirical Study
Can Fiscal Decentralization Reduce the Public Sector Size in Europe: An Empirical Study
(Can Fiscal Decentralization Reduce the Public Sector Size in Europe: An Empirical Study)
- Author(s):Silvia Golem, Ivana Žegarac
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:5-10
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Leviathan hypothesis; Sub-national governments; European countries
- Summary/Abstract:The main aim of this paper is to test the Leviathan hypothesis; namely, that fiscal decentralization reduces the size of public sector, using panel data analysis, and employing data for twenty European countries over the period 1999-2016. The Leviathan hypothesis suggests a negative relationship between the public sector size and fiscal decentralization. In the empirical literature, however, there is no clear consensus on whether fiscal decentralization actually reduces the public sector size. Some authors suggest that the effects of fiscal decentralization are quite the opposite - given that the sub-national authorities are better informed about their citizens’ preferences, the decentralized provision of public goods might be more efficient and better tailored to the citizens’ preferences, which can actually increase the local demand for public services, and hence, the size of the public sector. This research finds no evidence that fiscal decentralization has any effect on the size of the government.
Debt Financing during COVID-19 in Albania: Businesses by Activity
Debt Financing during COVID-19 in Albania: Businesses by Activity
(Debt Financing during COVID-19 in Albania: Businesses by Activity)
- Author(s):Romeo Mano, Armela Anamali, Bitila Shosha
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:11-15
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Debt Ratio; Covid-19; Business activities; Albania; Developing country
- Summary/Abstract:The first months of 2020 changed life dynamics, both individually and globally. Concern about physical health was soon followed by concern about financial health. Companies, as the main contributors to society, faced a multitude of liabilities and costs, which they were not prepared for. The paralysis of economic activity inevitably led to a money supply deficit. This compelled governments, in cooperation with financial system agents, to alternate mechanisms that would hopefully curb the ‘domino’ effect but also inhibit a deep economic recession. The lack of liquidity to survive and operate throughout the pandemic was a prevailing problem of the time. This article, quite distinct from others, aims at analysing how businesses, by nature of the activity, used debt as an instrument to survive Covid-2019. In addition to the analysis of the use of financial resources by third parties (in this period mainly bank loans), the authors study also their trend, before Covid-19, in the first wave and a year later under the presence of coronavirus.
Twin Deficits: Apparition or Reality for Albania
Twin Deficits: Apparition or Reality for Albania
(Twin Deficits: Apparition or Reality for Albania)
- Author(s):Nevila Mehmetaj
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:17-31
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Fiscal deficit; Current account deficit; Economic growth; Granger causality; VECM
- Summary/Abstract:This study examines the validity of the Keynesian Twin Deficits hypotheses (TDH) for Albania, using time series data of the span period from 2008 to 2021. The twin deficit hypothesis implies a long-run positive correlation running from the budget deficit to the current account deficit. For this, the Stationarity test, the Johansen co-integration test, the Granger causality, and VEC model techniques are used to examine the long-run and short-run relationship between budget balance, current account deficit, and real growth rate. The empirical findings suggest that the Keynesian twin deficits hypothesis is not valid in the context of the Albanian economy, the budget deficit has a negative relationship to the current account deficit. The policy implication of the results is that prudent management of the fiscal budget of the government may not prove to be a suitable policy instrument for the evaluation of the current account balance improvement.
Crude Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model
Crude Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model
(Crude Oil Prices and the Chaotic Growth Model)
- Author(s):Vesna Jablanović
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:33-38
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Crude Oil; Prices; Chaos; Elliot Waves
- Summary/Abstract:The basic aims of this paper are: firstly, to create the simple chaotic crude oil prices growth model that is capable of generating stable equilibrium, cycles, or chaos; secondly, to discover a sequence of Elliot waves in crude oil prices movements in the period 1998-2015; and thirdly, to analyze the local stability of crude oil prices in the period 1998-2015. This paper confirms the existence of the convergent fluctuations of crude oil prices in the observed period.
International Trade of Agricultural Products in Disruptive Times – The Correlation between Exports Subjects
International Trade of Agricultural Products in Disruptive Times – The Correlation between Exports Subjects
(International Trade of Agricultural Products in Disruptive Times – The Correlation between Exports Subjects)
- Author(s):Oksana Kiforenko
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:39-47
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:International trade; Agricultural products; European Union; Ukraine; Canada; Correlation
- Summary/Abstract:International trade helps reduce food insecurity by connecting the regions with limited agricultural potential and large populations to the regions with comparative advantages in agriculture. The international trade of agricultural products appeared to be vitally important in times of such challenges of nowadays as the COVID-19 pandemic, climate changes, turbulences on the political scene, etc., which the whole humanity has to face and overcome. The purpose of the article is to assess if the exports of the agricultural products from Ukraine to the EU and from Canada to the EU are correlated and, if they are, how strong the correlation is. The data under analysis are the export amount of goods from the Standard International Trade Classification (SITC) groups 0, which comprises food and live animals, and 1, which contains beverages and tobacco. The timeframe under analysis is 10 years – from 2011 to 2020 included. Such simple statistics of the data sets under analysis as mean, standard deviation, sum as well as minimum and maximum values were calculated and compared. The dynamics, yearly changes and general trend lines of the data sets under research were analysed and compared. The general trend lines of the data under analysis were built and the projections for the following two periods were made in the article using the appropriate functions, having chosen from the exponential, linear, logarithmic, polynomial and power ones, taking into consideration the values of R² coefficients. The analyses for the data normality distributions were conducted. The Pearson and Spearman correlation coefficients as well as their p-values of the data researched were calculated and analysed. The research itself as well as its results would be interesting and useful for the public administration officials, business people, decision-makers as well as beginners and experienced specialists in data analysis and statistics.
How Has SARS-COV-2 Affected the Different Branches of Agri-Food Industry? A Study Focused on the Region of Extremadura
How Has SARS-COV-2 Affected the Different Branches of Agri-Food Industry? A Study Focused on the Region of Extremadura
(How Has SARS-COV-2 Affected the Different Branches of Agri-Food Industry? A Study Focused on the Region of Extremadura)
- Author(s):Celia Sama- Berrocal, Beatriz Corchuelo Martinez Ayua
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:49-56
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:COVID-19; Impacts; Resilience; Innovation; Agri-food industry; Extremadura
- Summary/Abstract:The pandemic caused by Covid-19 has been causing a great impact on the world economy since 2020. This study analyses the impact of the pandemic on innovative agri-food companies from different branches of agro-industrial activity located in Extremadura (Spain) to determine which activities have been most affected and whether there are differences between the actions and changes carried out depending on the nature of the product, process or services. The information was obtained using an online questionnaire in which the research questions were proposed (what consequences, actions or changes has the pandemic had on the development of your activities?). Data were analysed descriptively, studying statistically the existence of independence or not between the effects and the actions carried out depending on agri-food industry branches of activity. The main results have shown that in general, all the agro-industrial branches have incorporated changes in their products and services, mainly by providing new and better customer benefits and improving product formats and forms of payment to suppliers.
Digitization of Agriculture: Mobile Applications in Agriculture as an Important Aspect of the Third Green Revolution
Digitization of Agriculture: Mobile Applications in Agriculture as an Important Aspect of the Third Green Revolution
(Digitization of Agriculture: Mobile Applications in Agriculture as an Important Aspect of the Third Green Revolution)
- Author(s):Mirko Smoljić, Branka Stipanović, Marina Guzovski
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:57-63
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Information and communication technology; Agricultural sector; Mobile applications; Knowledge management; Exchange of good practices; Third green revolution
- Summary/Abstract:Information and communication technology has caused (r)evolution in many industries, and the agricultural sector is not an exception. The paper deals with the use of mobile applications that have informative, educational and advisory services in agricultural activities. The paper aims to present the features and benefits of the use of mobile applications in agricultural production. The use of these applications enables the spread of specialized knowledge in certain agricultural sectors practically and easily, and at the same time contributes to the increase of efficiency in agricultural production. The link between the public advisory service and farmers and the dissemination and exchange of good practices among farmers are important features of mobile applications in agriculture aimed at raising the overall competitive advantage. The research is expected to prove the role of mobile applications in the development of the third green revolution in the agricultural sector.
Knowledge Management and Web 2.0/3.0
Knowledge Management and Web 2.0/3.0
(Knowledge Management and Web 2.0/3.0)
- Author(s):Sandra Lovrenčić, Karla Sušić, Vlatka Sekovanić
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:65-72
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Knowledge management; Web 2.0; Web 3.0.
- Summary/Abstract:Knowledge needed for managing an organization and making optimal decisions is growing constantly and needs to be acquired fast. To achieve this goal, knowledge management benefits from the continuous and rapid development of information technology. Various technologies and tools can be used to support knowledge management processes and the most prominent for organizations of all sizes is Web 2.0. But Web 3.0 is starting to give new possibilities to better manage knowledge and thus gain a competitive advantage. This paper analyses current opportunities that Web 2.0, with its user-generated content, provides to organizations - especially in a turbulent environment, by facilitating knowledge management processes. Web 2.0 tools are examined according to their use for specific processes and their future potential for organizations. The Paper also investigates possibilities of Web 3.0 features, such as decentralization and connectivity, as well as the use of artificial intelligence and machine learning, for the new era of knowledge management. Those arising technologies promise more opportunities for better use of knowledge in organizations.
Exploring Knowledge Transferring and Conversion in the Fuzzy Front End of Collaborative Innovation Development
Exploring Knowledge Transferring and Conversion in the Fuzzy Front End of Collaborative Innovation Development
(Exploring Knowledge Transferring and Conversion in the Fuzzy Front End of Collaborative Innovation Development)
- Author(s):Dmitry Shaytan, Georgy Laptev
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:73-81
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Entrepreneurial management; New product development; Knowledge transferring; Knowledge conversion
- Summary/Abstract:The research goal is to investigate the specificity of activities of startup entrepreneurial teams that co-develop new product concepts with stakeholders. We identified a specific pattern of knowledge conversions/transferring through observations of collaborative activities, followed by questionnaires and interviews with members of the entrepreneurial team. The research pool comprised eleven entrepreneurial teams of 4-6 members each. The predominant objects of conversions and transferring among the entrepreneurial team members and external stakeholders were identified as tacit knowledge types: know-how (what, why), insights, intuition, attitudes, beliefs (as a type of attitudes), and entrepreneurial vision. Types of conversions and transferring were the same in all the teams but the application of managerial tools (facilitating means) that allowed transferring/conversions varied. The identified specificity of knowledge processing could be used to optimize those tools/methods by elaborating specific measurable criteria of how efficiently tacit knowledge was transferred and converted.
The Future of ICT – Is the Number of Experts in Slovakia and EU Countries Sufficient?
The Future of ICT – Is the Number of Experts in Slovakia and EU Countries Sufficient?
(The Future of ICT – Is the Number of Experts in Slovakia and EU Countries Sufficient?)
- Author(s):Marcela Hallová, Marina Hanova
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:83-89
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:IT Sector; IT Specialist; Education in ICT
- Summary/Abstract:Work positions are constantly changing and evolving. Some positions are disappearing, but on the other side, new ones are emerging that correspond to the requirements of the labour market. Significant changes in positions occurred mainly in the IT sector, due to the rapid development of information technology. However, over the last few years, employers have pointed to the lack of ICT professionals and this trend is expected to continue in the coming years. For example, in 2019 it was estimated that Slovakia lacked 13,000 IT specialists, in 2020 and 2021 this number increased slightly and in the following years, this number should continue to increase. Within the EU, even 500,000 missing workers are expected in this sector. It is important to note that an ICT professional means a person who understands the technical parameters of computers or controls programming, or complex processes related to information processing. The paper aims to describe the position of IT specialists and analyse the situation in the labour market in Slovakia and the countries of the European Union from the point of the number of IT specialists.
Impact of Information Technology Tools on Business Decisions Making in the Organization
Impact of Information Technology Tools on Business Decisions Making in the Organization
(Impact of Information Technology Tools on Business Decisions Making in the Organization)
- Author(s):Rajko Macura, Zoran Kalinić, Bojan Pavić
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:91-96
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Business Decision Making; IT Tools; Information Systems
- Summary/Abstract:Frequent and difficult to predict changes in the business environment require faster and more efficient decision-making, which requires a large amount of information, and their collection and interpretation require modern information technology. Inefficient use of information technology tools often results in inadequate business decisions. This paper aims to determine the contribution of information technology in decision-making in organizations. The subject of research is the analysis of the importance, role and application of IT tools in decision-making. In the research work, desk and field research of companies were used, as well as research methods following previous scientific theories. The authors assume that IT tools are insufficiently and inadequately used in making business decisions. The authors proposed models for establishing optimal information capacities, in accordance with the characteristics and needs of companies.
Strategic Management for the Realignment of Risk Determination of the Supply Chain in Electric Car Production
Strategic Management for the Realignment of Risk Determination of the Supply Chain in Electric Car Production
(Strategic Management for the Realignment of Risk Determination of the Supply Chain in Electric Car Production)
- Author(s):Andreas Britsche, Milan Fekete
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:97-113
- No. of Pages:17
- Keywords:Electro mobility; Supply chain; Supply; Environmental and demand risks
- Summary/Abstract:Automobile mobility has been following a new path for years with the electrification of drive-through battery energy and will replace fossil drives in the foreseeable future. Restructuring the existing processes to implement the technical requirements is a challenge for the established OEMs, who must establish new value chains in addition to the existing ones. The established OEMs are thus challenged to configure a management system in their strategic planning that meets the future requirements and allows them to remain competitive. Ultimately, however, the customers are the most important factor, as all planning and degrees of fulfillment are oriented towards them. The key question is thus: How can OEMs strategically align their value chains, taking all factors into account so that they are considered resilient and robust? As a factor of the possibilities of strategic alignment of value chains, the EU project ‘GAIA-X’, which is currently being developed, is considered in this paper.
Development of the Risk Management System in Croatian Companies
Development of the Risk Management System in Croatian Companies
(Development of the Risk Management System in Croatian Companies)
- Author(s):Josip Kereta
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:115-126
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Risk; Risk management; Croatian companies; Competitiveness; “Weight of evidence” method; International business
- Summary/Abstract:Modern business conditions change significantly and the company and the management face the challenge of how to predict the future and make timely decisions to prepare the company for future business. Therefore, increasing attention is paid to the issue of risk management. This paper presents a theoretical and practical contribution to understanding the importance of risk management systems in Croatian companies operating in international markets. Modern business conditions are discussed in the introduction, and then the term “risk management system” is conceptually discussed. The research part of the paper presents the results of empirical research on the perception of respondents about the degree of development of risk management systems in their companies using the “Weight of Evidence” method. The “Weight of Evidence” method is a method used to calculate the value of the strength of the influence of each represented variable from the observed samples on the defined target variable. A low level of system development has been established. Risk management systems, unfortunately, are only used by large companies. The application of a comprehensive risk management system can significantly increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the company’s business, and accelerate the economic development of the Republic of Croatia.
Consumers’ Motivation to Participate in the Digital Economy and Changes Associated with the Pandemic.
Consumers’ Motivation to Participate in the Digital Economy and Changes Associated with the Pandemic.
(Consumers’ Motivation to Participate in the Digital Economy and Changes Associated with the Pandemic.)
- Author(s):Pavel Peterka, Radek Soběhart
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:127-133
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Digital economy; Pandemic; Consumption
- Summary/Abstract:Pandemic is an external shock that influenced behavior of consumers across the world. During the pandemic, there were apparent changes in purchasing patterns in the market given the uncertainty in the markets. The uncertainty in markets generally leads to caution in spending and encouragement of saving. Another major driver of the change of behavior was the introduction of various anti-pandemic rules and lockdowns. Restrictions led to deferred consumption which was apparent in the global economy in 2021 and the first quarter of 2022. This paper provides an insight into consumer motivation in the digital economy and the changes associated with such behavior in the pandemic and post-pandemic era. The nature and characteristics of digital business models were essential during the pandemic not just because of the reduction of transaction cost and thus higher efficiency but also because of the necessity of social distancing.
A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Marketing Studies
A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Marketing Studies
(A Bibliometric Analysis of Digital Marketing Studies)
- Author(s):Emrah Sitki Yilmaz, Hanifi Murat Mutlu
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:135-144
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Digital marketing; Bibliometric analysis; Literature review; Web of Science
- Summary/Abstract:Studies on digital marketing have a wide place in both national and international literature. The rapid growth in e-commerce transactions brought about by the COVID-19 pandemic, as well as the digitalization applications brought about by the distance economy, reveal new digital-focused research areas for researchers. By conducting a bibliometric analysis of research articles with the keyword “digital marketing” in their abstracts in online “Web of Science” databases, the aim of this study is to provide conceptual and methodological contributions as well as literature support for new research areas that emerged during the pandemic period. The basic criteria such as the number of authors and articles, author profile, publication place information, year, article subject, keywords, and resource usage, as well as the connection networks between these criteria, are examined by bibliometric analysis, which has recently become widely used in the field of social sciences within the framework of a specific journal or a research topic. With this study, it is planned to identify research trends in the area of digital marketing, detect different research-related factors, and contribute to future research by pointing out research gaps. A discussion of the findings and advice regarding the network connections between studies on digital marketing concludes the study.
Development of Human Capital Quality Based on Quantitative Indicators
Development of Human Capital Quality Based on Quantitative Indicators
(Development of Human Capital Quality Based on Quantitative Indicators)
- Author(s):Dana Jašková
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:145-153
- No. of Pages:9
- Keywords:Indicators of human capital; Composite indicator; Statistical method
- Summary/Abstract:Human capital represents the knowledge, skills and characteristics of an individual that facilitate the creation of personal, social and economic well-being. Measuring, analyzing and subsequently developing human capital is a prerequisite for the region’s prosperity. Human capital is a set of human abilities and skills that has a direct impact on the potential of social activity. Measuring and monitoring human capital development is an important part of regional policy. This process is complex because human capital is a qualitative characteristic of man. The links, correlations and causal links between the different sets of human resources data are identified. The assessment of human capital levels must be based on many quantitative indicators. This paper evaluates the development of human capital in Slovakia using an aggregated, composite indicator. The composite indicator is constructed using selected weighted indicators. By applying more complex multidimensional statistical methods, the assessed indicators are aggregated into a composite indicator, and its development is then evaluated.
Education and Internationalization of Higher Education in Disruptive Times
Education and Internationalization of Higher Education in Disruptive Times
(Education and Internationalization of Higher Education in Disruptive Times)
- Author(s):Ana-Maria Bolborici, Teofan Narcis Axinte
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:155-163
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Higher education; Education; Internationalization; European education
- Summary/Abstract:In recent years, most countries around the world, particularly in Europe, have mainstreamed internationalization at the national and institutional levels. Europe is seen around the world as a best-practice case for internationalization, but nowadays with significant challenges having to regard the new realities: as the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic and the situation in Ukraine, but also the massive impact of the refugees who come over the previous waves of immigrants and which can be meet all over Europe. In this study, we present the tendencies of internationalization in higher education. If, until today, the globalization of economies and societies influenced the internationalization of higher education, today the disruptive times determine the enhanced importance of knowledge to find solutions to these issues. This study presents the pillars of the European internationalization strategy, as regards European Higher Education compared with other regions of the world, and gives a few good-practice cases in internationalization.
High School Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
High School Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic.
(High School Education during the COVID-19 Pandemic.)
- Author(s):Kristina Devčić, Mirela Jergović, Ivana Beljo
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:163-169
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:State graduation exam; Statistical indicators; Secondary education; Republic of Croatia
- Summary/Abstract:The coronavirus infection originated in Wuhan, China, and soon spread around the world. The declared COVID-19 pandemic has affected almost all aspects of modern society. This paper examines the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on secondary education and student achievement in the state graduation exam. Secondary education of the students in Croatia has adapted to the new situation with the school closure, online teaching and with the adaptation of teaching methods. The purpose of the state graduation exam is to assess and evaluate the achieved knowledge and competences, acquired by education in accordance with general education teaching plans and programmes. For this reason, in this research, an analysis of student performance in the state graduation exam was conducted. The results of the exam of the compulsory part of the state graduation exam in the summer exam period from the school year 2012/2013 until 2020/2021 were observed. In this paper, the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on secondary education was examined from several different aspects. According to the analyzed indicators, the results showed that there is no significant decline in the successful adoption of teaching materials, i.e. there is no reduction in the number of students who successfully passed the state graduation exam. Furthermore, the share of students who passed the state graduation exam within sufficient grades was analyzed, and the results showed that there is no major decline. Lastly, the share of students who passed the state graduation exam and enrolled in some form of higher education was analyzed. The results showed that the number of students who enrolled in some of the study programs of higher education institutions did not decrease.
Be Free to Communicate on Social Media, but Respect the Values of Education!
Be Free to Communicate on Social Media, but Respect the Values of Education!
(Be Free to Communicate on Social Media, but Respect the Values of Education!)
- Author(s):Alex Sander Pires, Carla Dolezel Trindade, Simao Aznar Filho
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:171-182
- No. of Pages:12
- Keywords:Freedoms of communication; Culture of peace; Education for democracy
- Summary/Abstract:The technological revolution and the search for the “new post-pandemic normality” require a re-reading of the freedoms of communication (freedom of expression and freedom of information), in order to conceive, in the face of the change of the paradigm of digital actors to three elements (individual, state and company), a new system that brings together the public and the particular which can be called collective and private, capable of forming awareness for peace in the face of the guarantee of the right to non-discrimination, centered on the balance between the legal and the civic possible through the binomial instruction-respect, that is, the individual recognition of respect for human dignity as guided by human rights in the perspective of fundamental freedoms in the posting and sharing of information on social networks, as oriented by the education values.
Tourism and COVID-19: Case of the Balkan Region*
Tourism and COVID-19: Case of the Balkan Region*
(Tourism and COVID-19: Case of the Balkan Region*)
- Author(s):Ana Jovičić Vuković
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:183-189
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Tourism; Covid-19; Balkans; Travel plans; Travel behavior
- Summary/Abstract:The crisis caused by the Covid-19 virus has had a significant impact on the tourism industry and brought numerous changes in travel patterns. Uncertainty, travel risks, restrictions, strict measures and limitations in terms of physical contact and mobility affected a re-evaluation of the existing travel plans. The paper investigates travel plans among travelers in three Balkan countries (Serbia, Bosnia and Herzegovina, and Montenegro). Understanding tourists’ preferences and future intentions are the essential basis for creating a tourist offer, keeping tourists at the national and regional level, and mitigating the harmful effects of the crisis. These could contribute to the faster regional recovery of the tourism industry on the one hand and higher levels of tourist satisfaction on the other.
Brand Management of Urban Tourist Destination Based on Dimensions of Tourist Attractiveness
Brand Management of Urban Tourist Destination Based on Dimensions of Tourist Attractiveness
(Brand Management of Urban Tourist Destination Based on Dimensions of Tourist Attractiveness)
- Author(s):Vladimir Pavković, Tamara Vlastelica
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:191-198
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Urban tourist destination; Dimensions of tourist attractiveness; Brand management; Perception
- Summary/Abstract:At the very core of an urban tourist destination is a multidimensional construct of tourist attractiveness, which should be appealing to potential tourists and influence their decision to visit. Given the challenges of increasing global competition and the negative consequences of the COVID-19 pandemic, urban destinations must adequately identify the key dimensions of their attractiveness and ensure their visibility and differentiation. The purpose of this paper is to identify the role that different dimensions of tourist attractiveness have in managing the brand of an urban tourist destination, with a special focus on forming the expectations, attitudes and intentions of potential tourists. The methodology used in the paper includes: theoretical conceptualization of urban tourist destination, definition of dimensions of tourist attractiveness and determining the role that dimensions of tourist attractiveness have in managing the brand of urban tourist destinations. One of the conclusions of the research presented in the paper is that the dimensions of tourist attractiveness, both physical and social, play a key role in the strategic processes of brand management of an urban tourist destination.
Research on the Evaluation Index System for Urban Sustainable Development.
Research on the Evaluation Index System for Urban Sustainable Development.
(Research on the Evaluation Index System for Urban Sustainable Development.)
- Author(s):Wang Hongyue, Inna Koblianska
- Language:English
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:199-205
- No. of Pages:7
- Keywords:Urban sustainability; Theoretical framework; Evaluation; Index
- Summary/Abstract:With the rapid development of industrialisation and urbanisation, many problems and challenges are encountered in urban development. Constructing a scientific and reasonable index system to evaluate the performance of urban sustainability is of great significance to comprehensively improving urban life and growth. This study innovatively built the theoretical framework for the “four-dimensional interactive structure” of sustainable urban development and, combined with the principle of index system construction, established the evaluation index system with four subsystems: environment, economy, society, and science and technology. This lays a foundation for the follow-up empirical analysis and research.
Specifičnosti analize osetljivosti u oceni međunarodnih investicionih projekata*
Specifičnosti analize osetljivosti u oceni međunarodnih investicionih projekata*
(Specifics of Sensitivity Analysis in the Evaluation of International Investment Projects)
- Author(s):Biljana Pejović, Andrea Bučalina Matić, Isidora Ljumović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:207-212
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Analiza osetljivosti; Investicioni projekti; Rizik
- Summary/Abstract:Simulaciona tehnika analiza osetljivosti, kao metodološki postupak za ocenu opravdanosti investicionih projekata u uslovima neizvesnosti treba da ukaže na koje inpute je projekat najosetljiviji. Ocena se vrši pretvaranjem ulaznih veličina u kvantitativne veličine i postavljanjem kvantitativnih kriterijuma za ocenu osetljivosti. Cilj rada je analiza u kojoj meri se rizici koje donosi poslovanje u globalnom okruženju mogu unapred predvideti i kvantifikovati i procena adekvatnosti analize osetljivosti za ocenu projekata u uslovima neizvesnosti. Ukazano je na specifičnosti analize osetljivosti i porast rizika koje nameću međunarodno poslovanje i najnovija svetska dešavanja. Analizom je utvrđeno da je neke oblike rizika moguće predvideti, kvantifikovati i koristiti u oceni isplativosti investicionih projekata. Novija dešavanja u globalnom okruženju, vezana za pandemiju i geopolitičke odluke u velikoj meri poput domino efekta utiču na veći broj rizika koji ne smeju biti zanemareni prilikom ocene isplativosti međunarodnih investicionih projekata.
Digitalna transformacija špediterskog i carinskog poslovanja tokom pandemije COVID-19
Digitalna transformacija špediterskog i carinskog poslovanja tokom pandemije COVID-19
(Digital Transformation of Shipping and Customs Business during the COVID-19 Pandemic)
- Author(s):Marija Marčetić, Bojan Kocić, Nikola Vasić, Gordana Prlinčević
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:213-218
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Shipping; E-customs; Logistics; Digitalization; FIATA
- Summary/Abstract:The freight-forwarding market is at a tipping point because of the pandemic which dictates a new narrative in business with the changes companies have gone through in all sectors. Covid-19 initiated freight-forwarding, logisticians and customs officers to re-assess their strategy and realization of supply chains in line with new technology and digitalization. Introducing digital solutions will be the focus of every part of the supply chain as it will increase the quality of their services and so secure an adequate level of competitiveness in the market. Digital trends surpass traditional business with ease in hopes of clearing existing logistical bottlenecks. Automation of business services, various applications and platforms offers value to all participants in logistical achievements by decreasing cost. One benefit is the personalization of logistical and freight-forwarding services through the creation and processing of data. This work considers how customs officers and forwarders tackle digital transformation. Digital transformation in the freight-forwarding branch occurs on three levels. The first level is the new digital strategy of the FIATA freight-forwarding association for creating individual electronic documents. The second level encompasses different initiatives (IATA One Record, FEDeRATED, FENIKS, or IPCSA NoTN) to further connect existing systems, allowing supply chain participants to exchange information and still maintain control over their information. The third level represents the digitalization of the freight-forwarding companies themselves by introducing new software solutions. Customs systems advance at their own pace towards digitalization. Accessible, safe, integrated, interoperable electronic customs systems have eased electronic customs formalities to ease logistics in the supply chain when moving goods into/out of the EU. Compatible IT customs systems are built following international standards in terms of data sets which allows interaction with customs systems between countries.
Uticaj pandemije COVID-19 na razvoj online tržišta u Republici Slovačkoj
Uticaj pandemije COVID-19 na razvoj online tržišta u Republici Slovačkoj
(The Impact of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Development of the Online Market in the Slovak Republic)
- Author(s):Vlastimir Čobrda
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:219-224
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Online market Slovakia; Covid-19; Pandemic
- Summary/Abstract:The world as we knew it before March 2020, that is, before the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, changed in all segments of our society. What we thought was completely normal before the outbreak of the pandemic, and the only right thing quickly turned out to be not quite true. It is very important to point out that the COVID-19 pandemic has changed many rules in the world, as well as the marketing segment and the entire online market in Slovakia. This was the main reason for writing an article on „The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the development of the online market in the Slovak Republic“. The intention is to contribute to the development of this topic in Southeast Europe. The article will primarily include an analysis of the current state and challenges that this area is facing, as well as the opportunities and the need to raise the entire online market in Slovakia to a higher level. The main goal of this article is to show that the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, i.e. the worldwide crisis, could be overcome by successful adaptation of the market to the business rules during the crisis. Hope is that after summarizing conclusions and recommendations, this paper will be an impetus for the further development of this topic.
Efikasnost europskog visokog obrazovanja u ostvarivanju ciljeva održivog razvoja
Efikasnost europskog visokog obrazovanja u ostvarivanju ciljeva održivog razvoja
(Efficiency Analysis of European Higher Education in Achieving Sustainable Development Goals)
- Author(s):Maja Mihaljević Kosor, Klara Jurčak
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:225-230
- No. of Pages:6
- Keywords:Higher education; Efficiency; Data constraint analysis; DEA; Sustainable development goal
- Summary/Abstract:This research aims to evaluate the technical efficiency of higher education in EU member states in achieving the Sustainable Development Goals. Measuring the coefficient of technical efficiency provides more information on the extent to which inputs are used to produce outputs. Data Envelopment Analysis is used to determine the coefficients of technical efficiency. We use three inputs and three outputs in the evaluation of technical efficiency. The inputs used in this research are the total number of students, the number of academic staff and public expenditure on higher education, while the outputs are the number of graduates, employment rates of recent graduates and the overall score of the EU member state in the Sustainable Development Goals. Assessing technical efficiency ratios will help us determine which state uses its resources most efficiently in the higher education sector. It will also highlight less efficient countries and point out ways to improve their efficiency.
Značaj fleksibilnog zapošljavanja za prostorno-funkcijske veze između naselja
Značaj fleksibilnog zapošljavanja za prostorno-funkcijske veze između naselja
(The Importance of Flexible Employment for Spatial-Functional Links between Settlements)
- Author(s):Vera Gligorijević
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:231-238
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Work from home; Non-agricultural rural economy; Self-employment
- Summary/Abstract:The paper discusses urban-rural connections that arise from the geographical approximation of place of residence and place of work (home-based business). The research was conducted on a sample of 310 entrepreneurs who work from home, and the locations of the respondents were classified according to the distance from the central market (Belgrade) into three zones: center, periphery and semi-periphery. The connections between these three zones and their spatial-functional relations were investigated by spatial analysis of the distribution of their main sources of equipment and raw materials, on the one hand, and the distribution of their consumers, on the other. The results showed that the flexibility of the location of work establishes intensive connections between settlements, which implies new forms of interaction between the village and the city and the diversification of the rural economy.
Ljudski resursi i tržište rada u Hrvatskoj
Ljudski resursi i tržište rada u Hrvatskoj
(Human Resources and Labor Market in Croatia)
- Author(s):Dinka Dedukić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:239-247
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Human resources; Competences; Labor market; Education
- Summary/Abstract:At a time of demographic changes and a growing labor shortage, finding employees, and above all competent employees, is the focus of companies. This paper will discuss human resources and the Croatian labor market. The research was conducted in 2018, and the final sample for analysis included 1041 respondents, the results obtained on the research questions are the result of the respondents’ judgment. From the analysis of the conducted research, it emerges that 11% of respondents believe that they are not ready for the Croatian labor market. Respondents cited unfair relations in the labor market (bribery, corruption, employment through connections) as the main reason for insufficient readiness for the Croatian labor market. They cite the lack of application of knowledge in practice as the main disadvantage of higher education, and considering the situation of mismatch between the education system and the labor market, 60% of respondents are aware that they are responsible for their competitiveness in the labor market.
Stavovi i znanje potrošača o konceptu i oznaci pravedne trgovine
Stavovi i znanje potrošača o konceptu i oznaci pravedne trgovine
(Consumer Attitudes and Knowledge about the Concept and Signs of Fair Trade)
- Author(s):Ana Pap, Tena Radonić
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:249-258
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Fair trade; Sustainable development; Attitudes; Knowledge; Ecolabels
- Summary/Abstract:The concept of fair trade (Fairtrade) was developed primarily to pay farmers and workers in developing countries fair prices for their work. It is a certification system that aims to ensure that a set of standards in the production and supply of products or ingredients are met. For farmers and workers, the concept of fair trade means workers’ rights, safer working conditions and a fairer wage. For customers, this means high-quality and ethically produced products. By connecting with and helping developing countries in this way, developed countries participate in socially responsible business and the promotion of sustainable development. The concept of fair trade aims to improve the existence, strengthen the organization of producers, raise consumer awareness of various negative effects on producers of international trade, and protect basic human rights by promoting social justice, preserving the environment and economic security. But the very notion of fair trade in the world is still not sufficiently recognizable. The purpose of this paper is to analyze the current theoretical knowledge about the concept, meaning and purpose of fair trade and previous research related to the recognizability and understanding of this concept. Also, this paper aims to determine the attitudes and knowledge of consumers about the fair trade label in Croatia through the implementation of primary research to find out how much the population (re) knows about the fair trade system and what is the level of trust in the fair trade label. Based on the results of the research, the paper will provide recommendations for actions aimed at increasing awareness and knowledge about fair trade.
Uloga savremene porodice u ekonomiji
Uloga savremene porodice u ekonomiji
(Role of the Modern Family in Economy)
- Author(s):Jasmina Kurpejović
- Language:Serbian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:259-266
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Modern family; Economy; Challenges; Children
- Summary/Abstract:The modern family has mostly adopted a modern scientific view of the world, is open to society, its members are very active in social and economic life and strive to harmonize personal interests with common interests. The establishment of a marriage union is based on mutual love, the desire for the extension of the species, the upbringing of children and the realization of personal happiness. The characteristics of the modern family are: knowledge of contemporary social reality, knowledge of goals, tasks and principles of education, efforts to ensure the conditions for the child to develop according to his interests, strengths and abilities. The modern family strives to raise an all-round educated and free personality; tries to develop positive character traits in his children; ensure alignment of personal and social interests; strives to equip young people for creative activity; creates the conditions for young people to be able to bring creative dynamism, faith in their own strength, faith in people and life.
Specifičnosti i doseg kružnih prijevara
Specifičnosti i doseg kružnih prijevara
(Distinctive Features and Scope of Carousel Frauds)
- Author(s):Sonja Cindori
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:267-274
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Value added tax; Input VAT; Tax evasion; Reverse charge; Tax administration; International cooperation; Buffer
- Summary/Abstract:One of the main characteristics of carousel fraud relates to “zero-rate” VAT system on intra-community trade regarding the obligation to collect and pay VAT on the acquisition of goods and the right to deduct the same amount as input VAT. Therefore, at the next sale of the same good, the taxpayer can collect VAT and “disappear” without remitting the collected tax. The next taxpayer demands from the tax authority the refund of the same VAT that the previous taxpayer did not pay to the state budget, thus committing the criminal offense of tax evasion which is a predicate offense of money laundering. The conduction of transactions within the framework of carousel fraud generates income suitable for the further process of money laundering, although money laundering is possible through the process of carousel fraud as well.
Utjecaj javobilježničke profesije na procjenu rizika od pranja novca
Utjecaj javobilježničke profesije na procjenu rizika od pranja novca
(The Impact of the Notary Profession on Money Laundering Risk Assessment)
- Author(s):Tajana Petrović
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:275-281
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Risk assessment; Notarial deed; Suspicious transactions; Denial of official action; Fraud
- Summary/Abstract:The impact of globalization on the development of money laundering and terrorist financing has gradually included the notary profession, which is gaining more and more important in the prevention of money laundering and terrorist financing by implementing the basic steps of compiling and drafting notarial documents. It is especially pronounced in the identification of signatories and entry of accurate and true data when amending notarial documents. The nature of notarial work allows risk assessment to determine the level of risk of money laundering and terrorist financing with an individual party, business relation, financial instrument, and transaction. Therefore, this profession is obliged to assess the risk at the level of taxpayers, which includes reports of suspicious transactions. The essential tool for preventing fraud is the justified denial of official action of a notary public due to the nullity of a legal transaction, achieving an evidently inadmissible or unfair goal, as well as due to committing criminal offenses, inability to comply with essential formalities when drawing up a notarial document, i.e. official certification of private documents, and lack of power of attorney and for other justified reasons if the party is not authorized to undertake and conclude a legal transaction.
Pregled novih trendova u energetici
Pregled novih trendova u energetici
(Overview of New Trends in Energetics)
- Author(s):Pavle Jakovac
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:283-297
- No. of Pages:16
- Keywords:Climate change; Energy sector; Transformation; New trends
- Summary/Abstract:The world today faces major energy problems, and one of the biggest problems is climate change caused by heavy pollution, which threatens the natural environment and man’s current and future well-being. Energy from carbon fossil fuels covers over 80% of the world’s needs in 2020. This is very alarming information, given that fossil fuels cause large emissions of greenhouse gases, which lead to major climate changes, an increase in the average temperature on Earth, and many other negative consequences. To end climate change, the concentration of greenhouse gases in the atmosphere must stabilize, and to achieve this, global greenhouse gas emissions must be reduced to zero. The world, therefore, needs an energy transformation. After the Paris climate agreement in 2015, significant changes began to take place in the global energy sector. For this reason, this paper describes changes or new trends that are beginning to change the entire energy sector (e.g. renewable sources, shale gas, the decarbonization process, decentralization and digitalization of the energy sector, flexibility of energy systems, and blockchain technology.
Utjecaj energetskih trendova na globalnu ekonomiju
Utjecaj energetskih trendova na globalnu ekonomiju
(The Influence of Energy Trends on the Global Economy)
- Author(s):Pavle Jakovac
- Language:Croatian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:299-308
- No. of Pages:10
- Keywords:Energy trends; Global economy; COVID-19
- Summary/Abstract:Energy stimulates global economic activity, which is also a key input for almost all goods and services of the modern world. Given the expansion of the population, the improvement of living standards and the increase in consumption, the total demand for energy is growing year by year. At the same time, there is great concern about climate change, which encourages countries around the world to find solutions for energy supply while reducing greenhouse gas emissions and other pollutants that threaten the environment. Energy trends, such as renewable energy, gas, decarbonization, decentralization, flexibility and blockchain technology, enable faster and simpler energy transformation, reduce the negative impacts of climate change, enhance energy security and provide wider access to energy. For this reason, the paper analyzes the impact of energy trends on the superpowers, i.e. the USA, China and the European Union (EU), and on the countries of the MENA region (Middle East and North Africa), which are one of the world’s largest energy producers. The paper also reviews the COVID-19 pandemic, which has led to an unprecedented decline in energy demand and slowed the development of the global energy sector.
Razvoj konceptualnega modela trženja zdravil za redke bolezni
Razvoj konceptualnega modela trženja zdravil za redke bolezni
(Development of a Conceptual Marketing Model for Medicinal Products for Rare Diseases)
- Author(s):Nataša Jalen, Tina Vukasović
- Language:Slovenian
- Subject(s):Social Sciences, Economy
- Page Range:309-316
- No. of Pages:8
- Keywords:Conceptual marketing model; Medicinal product; Health technologies assessment; Orphan drug; Constructivist grounded theory
- Summary/Abstract:Health is a basic human value and we cannot and should not set a price on it, but we can try to understand its value through the prism of morality, ethics, science and human connections. Health cannot be evaluated through the prism of moral principles (is a person good or bad, is he worth helping, is his contribution to society big enough for society to take care of him...). . Some individuals struggle with incurable diseases from birth and spend their entire lives searching for that piece of help or solution that would alleviate their suffering and pain and enable them to live a dignified life. The purpose of the article is to present the design for the development of a conceptual model, which will be the basis for subsequent empirical testing and the development of a marketing model for the entry of an orphan drug into the market, developed with the implementation of established marketing approaches and insights gained in qualitative research with a constructivist approach, and a designed marketing strategy that will follow the legislative and ethical principles required for the marketing of medicinal products.