Сближаването при експортната специализация като критерий за икономическа кохезия в ЕС на примера на България, Румъния, Унгария и Словакия
Approximation in export specialization as a criterion for economic cohesion in the EU on the example of Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary and Slovakia

Author(s): Dimitar Hadjinikolov
Subject(s): Economy, Supranational / Global Economy
Published by: Университет за национално и световно стопанство (УНСС)
Keywords: EU; Export Specialization; Economic Cohesion; Bulgaria; Romania; Hungary; Slovakia
Summary/Abstract: An important prerequisite for the successful implementation of the EU's common policies is the existence of high economic cohesion in the Union. Economic cohesion is reflected in the similarity of the structure of the economies of the Member States. One of the criteria for economic cohesion is the convergence achieved in the export specialization of the Member States. To determine the degree of this convergence, the convergence in export specialization of four similar economies of the following new EU Member States - Bulgaria, Romania, Hungary, and Slovakia - was measured in four different years: 2006, 2014, 2019 and 2020. The results show that in all four Member States there is a clear trend towards convergence with the EU average in terms of export specialization. This is also a proof for a growing economic cohesion. The convergence process is significantly more pronounced in Hungary and Slovakia than in Bulgaria and Romania, with Romania having slightly greater convergence than Bulgaria. There is also some impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. In 2020, there has been a slight retreat from the achieved convergence in export specialization in Romania and to a lesser extent in Slovakia.

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