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Bernhard Schmid (1872-1947) als Mitglied der evangelischen unierten Kirche im Licht des während einer Synode der Marienburger Superintendentur von ca.

Bernhard Schmid (1872-1947) jako członek kościoła unijnego w świetle referatu wygłoszonego na synodzie superintendentury malborskiej w 1929/1930

Author(s): Wiesław Sieradzan / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 5/2011

Keywords: Bernhard Schmid (1872-1947); Unierte (evangelisch) Kirche; Geschichte von West-und Ostpreussen; Geschichte des 20. Jhs.

Prof. Dr. h.c. Bernhard Schmid (1872-1947), der berühmte deutsche Denkmalpfleger in Marienburg und Westpreußen, gehörte als Mitglied der unierten Kirche zu der einzigen Marienburger evangelischen St. Georg-Kirche. Anhand der vom Verfasser neulich aufgefundenen Quellen gelang es festzustellen, dass er 1925 Gemeindevertreter an der Synode der Marienburger Superintendentur, als auch an der Provinzialsynode von Ostpreußen sowie seit mindestens 1928 Mitglied des Gemeindekirchenrates war. Sein ganzes Leben, welches hauptsächlich von der konservatorischen und wissenschaftlichen Arbeit ausgefüllt war, widerfuhren Bernhard Schmid zahlreiche Schicksalsschläge, Tragödien und Verluste. Als ein tiefgläubiger Mensch bemühte er sich, ihnen zu begegnen, sich mit ihrer Endgültigkeit abzufinden, aber vor allem sie im Zusammenhang mit dem Glauben an den Auferstandenen Jesus Christus zu verstehen Die erhaltenen Quellen stellen ein Zeugnis der Deutung der Zeichen der Gegenwart im Geiste des Glaubens an Jesus Christus dar. Einer der Beweise dafür ist der im Bestand des Staatsarchivs Elbing, Niederlassung Marienburg, aufbewahrte Vortrag von B. Schmid unter dem Titel: „Wie kann Verantwor-tungsbewusstsein der evangelischen Männer für ihre Kirchengemeinde und für die Gesamtkirche geweckt werden? Wie muss es sich im kirchlichen Leben der Gegenwart bestätigen?“, der während einer der Synoden des Marienburger Bis-tums von ca. 1929/30 gehalten wurde. Der Vortrag von B. Schmid gehörte zu seinem privaten Archiv, das nach 1945 auf dem Gelände des Marienburger Schlosses versteckt und gesichert wurde, und anschließend die Zeit der sowjetisch-deutschen Kämpfe, Plünde-rungen in den Nachkriegsjahren und Zerstörungen durch Witterungseinflüsse überstand. Obwohl sich der hier besprochene Vortragsinhalt auf die damalige Situation in der Marienburger Superintendentur um die Wende der 20er Jahre des 20. Jh. bezieht, scheint er wegen seiner Botschaft weiterhin aktuell zu sein. Wenn wir einen Blick auf die heutzutage immer größer werdenden christlichen Gemeinschaftsbewegungen werfen und ihre Programme sowie den Weg und Methoden, den Glauben zu praktizieren, betrachten, so bemerken wir an vielen Stellen eine große Übereinstimmung mit den Gedanken von B. Schmid. Dies ergibt sich aus dem hohen sachlichen Niveau des Vortrages, der sich in seinem Text über die Kritik an den allgemeinen Nachteilen und Missständen (z.B Alkoholismus) hinwegsetzte und sich auf das Problem bezog, das Verantwortungsbewusstsein für den Glauben und die Kirche im Zusammenhang mit den Herausforderungen der Gegenwart zu wecken. Daher scheint dieser Text auf der seelsorgerischen Ebene, vielleicht zu idealistisch (?), im Werk dagegen, dem Leben eine Bedeutung im Sinne des christlichen Glaubens zu verleihen, stets aktuell zu sein.

Technologies of the Self versus Passivity as the Other of Technology. To a Misleading Notion of Mechanization

Technologien des Selbst versus Passivität als das Andere des Technischen. Zu einem missverständlichen Begriff von Technisierung

Author(s): Burkhard Liebsch / Language(s): German / Issue: 36/2013

ESSAYS

Pragmatics of situation

Pragmatika situace

Author(s): Petr Kaderka / Language(s): Czech / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: human action; situation; communicative situation; scientific situation; intersubjectivity; semiotic multimodality; social interaction; communicative patterns; communicative genres

This study is aimed at clarifying the notions of ‘situation’ and ‘communicative situation’, drawing upon Alfred Schütz’s theories of pragmatic and communicative aspects of the lifeworld. The concepts of ‘situation’ and ‘communicative situation’ are approached in relation to the phenomena of human action and human communication, respectively. Following Schütz, it is argued that the overall nature of ‘situation’ arises from its ‘objective’ and ‘subjective’ aspects, i.e. the spatial, temporal and socio-cultural conditions experienced by an individual and shaped by his or her unique ‘biographical situation’. This perspective is temporarily suspended in communication: private systems of relevances are superseded by intersubjective constructions or interpretations of ‘what-we-are-doing-in-and-through-communication’. The communicative situation’ is conceived of as a dynamic phenomenon and a true achievement of social actors, who permanently define and redefine, interpret and reinterpret both its overall character and its relevant elements. This theoretical framework, enriched by the concept of semiotic multimodality, is exemplified by an analysis of conversational data drawn from ethnographic research into television news production. At the end of the paper, a distinction between the typifications made by ordinary social actors and by social scientists in characterizing communicative situations is discussed.

A French Jesuit in the Royal Society of London: Father Louis-Bertrand de Castel, S.J. and Enlightenment Mathematics, 1720–1735

A French Jesuit in the Royal Society of London: Father Louis-Bertrand de Castel, S.J. and Enlightenment Mathematics, 1720–1735

Author(s): J.B. Shank / Language(s): English / Issue: 1/2012

Keywords: Louis Bertrand de Castel; S.J.; Society of Jesus/Jesuits; Royal Society of London; Eighteenth-century Paris; Enlightenment mathematics; Enlightenment public culture/criticism; geometry; analytical mathematics; calculus Journal de Trévoux.

Is it possible for a Parisian Jesuit to be considered an embodiment of Enlightenment? This paper argues yes using the case of Louis Betrand de Castel, S.J. Castel is the only French Jesuit ever to be made a fellow of the Royal Society of London, and this paper argues that his admission in 1730 illustrates the shared currents of Enlightenment that brought together this Jesuit with this institution of Enlightenment science. Challenging intellectualist definitions of Enlightenment that define it in terms of philosophical “isms” or alleged unities of belief, I argue that Enlightenment is better described as a new critical spirit born of the changing mediascape of the eighteenth century, and the new patterns of intellectual engagement and sociability that this environment spawned. Castel was a figure of Enlightenment through his work as a journalist and active critic in the mathematical debates of the period. His ideas defy classification under any single label, but his admission to the Royal Society, I argue, was made because of, rather than in spite of, his idiosyncratic scientific positions. Castel, therefore, illustrates an Enlightenment rooted less in any single scientific position or intellectual point view, and more in the new patterns of public critical engagement about all intellectual matters, including mathematics, characteristic of eighteenth-century Europe.

New discoveries about Andreas Tharaeus Muscoviensis

Neue Erkenntnisse über Andreas Tharaeus Muscoviensis

Author(s): Doris Teichmann / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2013

Keywords: Handroš Tara; Andreas Tharaeus; Biography; Biographie; 17. Jahrhundert; 17th century; Lower Lusatia

The life of Andreas Tharaeus Muscoviensis, author of the didactic poem, which appeared in 1609 “Eine erbermliche Klage der lieben Fraw Gerste vnd ihres Brudern Herrn Flachs” (A pitiful complaint from the dear Mrs Gerste and her brother, Mr Flachs), of the “Enchiridion Vandalicum” from the year 1610 and of the comedy “Weiber Spiegel” (Wives’ Mirrors), is largely unknown. A document printed in 1618 in Wittenberg extends our knowledge about the Sorbian priest and writer, who came from Muskau. The extensive funeral address written by Tharaeus for the burial of Eva von Schönburg, wife of Albrecht Schenck von Landsberg auf Leuthen, Buchholz, Teupitz und Wusterhausen, on the 22 October 1617 in Groß-Leuthen near Lübben shows that Tharaeus had already become the priest of Märkisch Buchholz by around 1617, and not later in 1628. In the document of 1689, issued to his heirs about the privileges of the freehold property acquired in 1627 in Buchholz the services rendered by the testator to the aristocratic family Schenck von Landsberg were expressly emphasised. From this it can be concluded that Tharaeus was for a period after leaving his post at Friedersdorf for denominational reasons not in the service of the Church. This analysis of the extensive funeral address shows that its author was an exceptionally well-educated and well-read Sorbian priest.

Archaeological investigation strategy in the Curonian Spit

Kuršių nerijos archeologinių tyrimų strategijos

Author(s): Gytis Piličiauskas / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 39/2013

Keywords: Curonian Spit; archaeological investigation methods; field survey strategy; GPR

During 2011–2012 the Research Council of Lithuania financed project ‘Prehistory of the Curonian Spit: a methodological aspect of complex research’ was implemented in the Curonian Spit. The work’s aim was to find an effective archaeological investigation method for the search for prehistoric sites and the complex investigation of sites in an aeolian sedimentation environment. This article’s aim is to present the project’s achievements in the field of methodology. Seven field evaluation methods were tested to the S of Nida and at Alksnynė: GPR profiling co-ordinated with test pitting, systematic test pitting, unsystematic test pitting, field walking together with shovel test pitting, unsystematic shovel test pitting, and hand augering and mechanised coring. Field walking proved to be the most effective strategy, but its employment is greatly restricted by surface visibility. Systematic test pitting proved to be an unsuitable evaluation method in a dynamic aeolian sedimentation environment. GPR profiling co-ordinated with augering rather than test pitting holds great potential, but the search for paleosoils and lagoon shores that have been covered by aeolian deposits should be made first rather than the search for archaeological finds or settlements. In the search for new archaeological sites the experience acquired in modelling the prehistoric relief in the vicinity of already known archaeological sites should be especially useful.

The History of the Moldavian S.S.R. Political Police Apparatus

Din istoria K.G.B. în R.S.S. Moldovenească

Author(s): Pavel Moraru / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 1-2/2008

Keywords: Moldavian S.S.R.; repression; Police Apparatus

Already on the Bessarabian territory, after its annexation to the U.R.S.S. (June 28, 2008), the Soviet political police bodies contributed decisively to setting up and consolidating the Soviet regime in that territory. Their basic task, in order to secure the loyalty of the population and implementation of the “Soviet reforms”, was to annihilate the “anti-Soviet elements” and also any activity hostile to the regime. They therefore resorted to intimidation, provocation, misleading, murder, deportation, expulsions, etc. All these things led to the death of hundreds of thousands of Bessarabians, and those who survived certainly had an unhappy life.

EMOTIVISM IN MORAL PHILOSOPHY AND VIRTUE AS THE CHRISTIAN ANSWER

EMOTIVIZAM U MORALNOJ FILOZOFIJI I KRJEPOST KAO KRŠĆANSKI ODGOVOR

Author(s): Tomislav Puljić,Ante Bekavac / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 11-12/2014

Keywords: emotivism; morality; human; religion; mind; freedom; virtue

Current discussions in moral philosophy show that terms of moral discourse were taken from the context of their origin. Different concepts of moral philosophy testify that and there is a need to start again with understanding of the complex image of moral traditions. Thus, A. MacIntyre started with this premise in his study After Virtue and showed how painful and unusual deformations of the current moral conceptions are. In his study he started from the emotivistic moral theory in order to show the absurd of such kind of moral discourse. Using A. MayIntyre’s prism in this paper we tried to show that complex image and its deformation and introduce speech about virtues and their meaning, the same as the author of the study After Virtue did. That is certainly a key answer of the Christian moral philosophy to such moral conception which is present in our modern culture. Structure of a human moral activity cannot be based only on emotivistic statements which aspire to absoluteness of the norm but they should be put under radical critics in confronting with crucial issues of anthropology, philosophy and theology.

Bibliography Issue No. 21

Bibliographie zur siebenbürgischen Geschichte und Landeskunde Nr. 21

Author(s): Balduin Herter / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/1988

Documentation

Dokumentation

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): German / Issue: 02-03/2004

Keywords: Moldova; democratisation process in Moldova;

„Den Weg zur Einheit und Demokratisierung in Moldau unterstützen" - aus der 88. Sitzung des Deutschen Bundestags am 29. Januar 2004 Auszug aus dem Protokoll der 88. Sitzung des Deutschen Bundestags, Beratung des Antrags der Abgeordneten Claudia Nolte, Dr. Friedbert Pflüger, Dr. Wolfgang Bötsch, weiterer Abgeordneter und der Fraktion der CDU/CSU „Den Weg zur Einheit und Demokratisierung in Moldau unterstützen", Drucksache 15/1987 Interfraktioneller Antrag zur Republik Moldau an den Deutschen Bundestag (29. April 2004) Antrag der Fraktionen der SPD, CDU/CSU, Bündnis 90/Die Grünen und FDP im Deutschen Bundestag „Den Weg zur Einheit und Demokratisierung in der Republik Moldau unterstützen“, Drucksache 15/3052 vom 29. April 2004

Kanonisierungsrhetorik. Am Beispiel historischer Romane (1890-1914) in Literaturgeschichten

Kanonisierungsrhetorik. Am Beispiel historischer Romane (1890-1914) in Literaturgeschichten

Author(s): Beatrix Müller-Kampel / Language(s): German / Issue: 8/2004

Nach Pierre Bourdieu stellt die Textsorte Literaturgeschichte eine gewichtige Konsekrations- bzw. Kanonisierungsinstanz dar. Der Beitrag beleuchtet davon ausgehend in Form einer Fallstudie die spezifische Rhetorik kanonisierenden Sprechens in Literaturgeschichten. Im Mittelpunkt stehen systematisch recherchierte normpoetologische Äußerungen zu historischen Romanen, die zwischen 1890 und 1914 erschienen und heute als positiv oder negativ kanonisiert anzusehen sind. Chronologisch nach dem Erscheinen der insgesamt 27 ausgewerteten Literaturgeschichten geordnet, ergeben sich aus den vergebenen Zensuren synchrone Phasen des literaturgeschichtlichen Wertens und Urteilens, hinter denen eine diachrone Entwicklung kanonisierenden Sprechens erkennbar wird.

Elements of the Modern Left-Wing European Politics into the Horizon of the European Union’s Construction

Elements of the Modern Left-Wing European Politics into the Horizon of the European Union’s Construction

Author(s): Flavia-Tania Stefan / Language(s): / Issue: 2/2014

Keywords: modern left-wing European politics; European Union; Anthony Giddens

This paper is about the importance of modern left-wing European politics in the process of construction of European Union. In our paper, we have tried to discern the main elements of the contemporary European left-wing, focusing on that which may currently be considered the essence of the offer of the left-wing political parties: the European societal model. The European societal model lies at the heart of most European, but also Transatlantic, intellectual debates. It is an ongoing process, which is still quite far from the final agreement stage. The European Socialists (Social-Democrats) claim the avant-garde of the construction and modernization of the European societal model. This model constitutes an important political and even ideological bet – in a global context – for the European left-wing. Political, as the left-wing desires to prove the superiority of their pan-European views in relation to the Neo-liberals and the non-Conservatives who either oppose integration or promote incoherent projects. Ideological in a global context, as the European left-wing desires to prove the superiority of the European societal model/European model of life over the North American one, symbol of the neo-liberal mundialization.

Sustainability assessment of heavy metals and road maintenance salts in sweep sand from roadside environment

Sustainability assessment of heavy metals and road maintenance salts in sweep sand from roadside environment

Author(s): Agnė Kazlauskienė,Marina Valentukevičienė,Gytautas Ignatavičius / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2013

Keywords: heavy metals; deicing salts; sweep sand; sustainable development; valuation of environmental effects; environment and development; Q01; Q25; Q51; Q53; Q56;

Learned Culture in the Enlightenment in the Philosophical Context: On the History of the Commission of National Education (Part One)

Oświeceniowa kultura naukowa w kontekście filozoficznym. Z dziejów Komisji Edukacji Narodowej (cz. 1)

Author(s): Stanisław Janeczek / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 4/2015

Keywords: Commission of National Education;Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth;Age of Enlightenment;History of Education;History of Philosophy;History of Science;

This paper depicts the didactic approach of the Commission of National Education (Pol. KEN). It focuses on the educational reforms characteristic of the Age of the Enlightenment. In particular, it shows the specific character of the then philosophy and modern science that gradually liberated itself from the hegemony of philosophy. It pinpoints the spirit of utilitarianism that dominated at that time, and in its methodological aspect policy eclecticism. This attitude was manifested throughout European education, therefore not only in France, which was leading at least in her policy declarations, but especially in the Habsburg monarchy whose education was under centralistic reformation. It was also proper to the then learned culture of the Encyclopaedia, or a Systematic Dictionary of the Sciences, Arts, and Crafts, on which the KEN would draw. The European school of linguistic and humanistic studies was enriched by mathematics and natural sciences, whereas a course in philosophy in the spirit of philosophia recentiorum was maintained, at least at the university level. This philosophy assimilated some elements of modern epistemology in a critical manner, especially the accomplishments of modern natural science. Such approach was typical of reformed education in the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth by religious milieus, especially the Piarists and Jesuits. In the course of time empiristic epistemology became more and more popular and bore fruit in the form of phenomenalism which questioned the pursuit of philosophy maximalistically understood in the form of modern Christian Aristotelianism in the traditional school. Despite criticism of this model of education, the pressure of the so-called long duration (longue durée) accounts for the maintenance of philosophical elements in Enlightenment school, even in natural science, in the form of interpretation that takes advantage of the category of substance and its properties, and even of the conception of animal soul.

ADOLESCENCE AND CENTRAL EUROPE AT THE BEGINNING OF 20TH CENTURY. FINDING THE COMMON DENOMINATOR

ADOLESCENTA SI EUROPA CENTRALA LA INCEPUTUL SECOLULUI AL XX-LEA. INVESTIGAREA NUMITORILOR COMUNI

Author(s): Raluca Bembe / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 02/2016

Keywords: Central Europe; adolescence; literature; modernity

Starting from a literary fact, the recurrence of the adolescent theme in Central European literature in the first half of the twentieth century, the article aims to identity the social realities responsable for the emergence of this theme. Moreover, the paper suggests a parallel between the chracteristics of adolescence and those of Central Europe, in order to emphasise the importance of immaturity theme for the Central European literature. Liminality, fragile identity, moments of crisis, the need of order are just some of the points which can be found not only in Central European portrait, but also in the description of the the adolescence. Consequently, adolescence becomes easily a Central European theme, being able to show the vulnerabilities of the central area of Europe.

50-ANIVERSSARY OF JOURNAL “STUDIME FILOLOGJIKE” (“PHILOLOGICAL STUDIES”) - AN IMPORTANT EVENT IN THE HISTORY OF ALBANOLOGICAL STUDIES

50- VJETORIIREVISTËS “STUDIME FILOLOGJIKE” -NGJARJE E SHËNUAR NË HISTORINË E STUDIMEVE ALBANOLOGJIKE

Author(s): Ludmila Buxheli / Language(s): Albanian / Issue: 03-04/2014

Keywords: 50-ANIVERSSARY ; STUDIME FILOLOGJIKE ; PHILOLOGICAL STUDIES ; IMPORTANT EVENT IN THE HISTORY ; ALBANOLOGICAL STUDIES

The journal “Studime filologjike” was founded in 1964, as the follower of the previous journal “Buletin i Universitetit Shtetëror të Tiranës - Seria e Shkencave Shoqërore” (Bulletin of the State University of Tirana - Series of Social Sciences) (1957-1963). After the separation of Institute of Albanian Linguistic and Literature from the Institute of History, it became necessary for researchers of both Institutes of having their own scientific journals. As a result of this need, “Studime filologjike” (“Philological Studies”) and Studime historike (“Historical Studies”) appeared as two new scientific joumals. “Studime filologjike” belongs to Institute of Linguistics and Literature, in Tirana. This journal has been and still remains the main philological journal, reflecting particularly the major achievements of the scientific work of Institute of Linguistics and Literature in Albania. The publication of the journal “Studime filologjike” is in concordance with this mission. During half of the century this journal gave access to Albanian researchers to represent their main achievements in the fields of Albanian linguistic and literature studies. Taking in consideration this mission, “Philological Studies” has played a special and important role not only in the development of all branches of Albanian linguistics and literature, but also in the development of linguistic and literary thought.

Utopian Thought between Words and Action

Utopian Thought between Words and Action

Author(s): Raymond Geuss,Igor Cvejić,Mark Losoncz,Jelena Pešić,Željko Radinković,Predrag Krstić,Srđan Prodanović,Marjan Ivković ,Aleksandar Matković,Tamara Petrović-Trifunović,Predrag Milidrag,Božidar Filipović,Bojana Radovanović,Đorđe Pavićević,Rastko Jovanov,Petar Bojanić / Language(s): English,German / Issue: 3/2018

Do Not Worry About the Bad Guys! Trust in God and Go Your Way! A Synchronous Text Review of Psalm 37

Kümmere Dich Nicht um die Bösen! Vertraue auf Gott und Geh Deinen Weg! Eine synchrone Textbetrachtung von Psalm 37

Author(s): Peter Klein / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2018

Keywords: Justice; Covenant; Wisdom; Theodizee; Recompense and Retribution; Believe;

The following inquiry of an interpretation of a Hebrew text deals with central topics of ancient Israel, such as law and justice, the connection between man and god and the question about the theodizee. A number of wise truths are woven into an intricate net of language connections, which entice the believer to ponder about his own present reality. In this reality he can recognize the advantages of his own belief as well as the shortcomings of the powerful and influent people who do not believe in god.

BIBLIOGRAPHY OF THE JOURNAL DIACOVENSIA (1993.-2013.)

BIBLIOGRAFIJA ČASOPISA DIACOVENSIA (1993.-2013.)

Author(s): Ankica LANDEKA / Language(s): Croatian / Issue: 1/2014

Keywords: Diacovensia; Bibliography;

Bibliografija je sastavljena od pet cjelina: a) Sadržaja časopisa, b) Autorskoga kazala, c) Kazala osoba i mjesta, d) Pojmovnoga kazala, e) Kazala knjiga.

The Secularity in the Face of the Challenges of Globalisation. State and Cults in France

Laicitatea în Fața Provocărilor Globalizării. Stat și Culte în Franța

Author(s): Ana-Maria Iancu / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 4/2021

Keywords: France; French secularism (laïcité); Church – State separation; islamism; universalism; multiculturalism;

This study deals with the issue of the French State – Church relations, an issue that cannot be understood without taking into account France's historical evolution. French secularism (la laïcité) means a clear separation between the state and religious institutions and involves considering religion as belonging to the strictly private sphere. Although legally codified by the 1905, Separation of Church and State Act and the Constitution of the French Republic, French secularism remains a difficult concept to define, with many developments and variations in its application. The attitude of the French State towards the Churches has changed in time, from a combative, anti-religious secularism (at the end of the 19th century and the beginning of the 20th century), to an appeased, positive secularism, in the 20th century. This secularism became militant again nowadays, under the pressure of the rapid development of Islamic fundamentalism on French soil. Another challenge brought about by globalization, which France has to face, is determined by the competition of French universalism with American multiculturalism which tends to become predominant in the Western world, a competition which manifests itself also in the field of State-Church relations.