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German Translation Theories and Their Practicalness

Teorii traductologice germane şi aplicabilitatea acestora în practica traducerii

Author(s): Carol Alexandru Mohr / Language(s): Romanian / Issue: 03/2012

Keywords: translation; translatology; skopos; adequacy; fidelity; traduction; traductologie; skopos; adéquation; fidélité; traducere; traductologie; skopos; adecvare; fidelitate

The translator should not be perceived as a simple producer of texts based on other texts, but as an expert, with skills, tasks and precise responsibilities, who works in cooperation with other "actors", that are part of the translating process. Text translating is not a simple linguistic act, but a complex one, that involves Linguistics, Hermeneutics (because texts must be interpreted) and Semiology (because signs and symbols must be decoded). In this paper is being explained the difference between translation studies (or translatology) and the linguistic theory of translation and why translatological concepts like “purpose”, “adequacy” and “actor” (as they were defined by Reiß, Vermeer and Mänttäri) are essential and necessary required for a complete description and a responsible fulfillment of translating acts.

Bulgarian Crimes against Civilians in Occupied Serbia during the First World War

Bulgarian Crimes against Civilians in Occupied Serbia during the First World War

Author(s): Milovan Pisarri / Language(s): English / Issue: 44/2013

Keywords: Balkan Wars; First World War; Serbia; Bulgarization policy; crimes against Serbian civilians

Since sufferings of civilian populations during the First World War in Europe, especially war crimes perpetrated against civilians, have - unlike the political and military history of the Great War - only recently become an object of scholarly interest, there still are considerable gaps in our knowledge, the Balkans being a salient example. Therefore, suggesting a methodology that involves a comparative approach, the use of all available sources, cooperation among scholars from different countries and attention to the historical background, the paper seeks to open some questions and start filling lacunae in our knowledge of the war crimes perpetrated against Serb civilians as part of the policy of Bulgarization in the portions of Serbia under Bulgarian military occupation.

Sensitivity to Genre in Literary Translation

Žanro svarba literatūriniame vertime

Author(s): Ingrida Eglė Žindžiuvienė / Language(s): Lithuanian / Issue: 20/2012

Keywords: literatūrinis žanras; populiariosios grožinės literatūros vertimas; šiuolaikinis trileris; socialinė- kultūrinė teksto aplinka.

Straipsnyje analizuojami šiuolaikinio trilerio žanro vertimo klausimai, pasitelkiant dviejų populiariosios grožinės literatūros autorių trilerių vertimo į lietuvių kalbą pavyzdžius: Dano Browno technotrilerį „Skaitmeninė tvirtovė“ (Digital Fortress) (1998), į lietuvių k. vertė Jonas Čeponis, 2005) ir Johno Grishamo teisinį trilerį „Firma“ (Firm) (1991) (į lietuvių k. vertė Romualdas Petraitis, 1997 ir Jonas Čeponis, 2008). Analizuojamas komunikacinis žanro tikslas, kuris yra vienas pirmųjų faktorių, lemiančių vertimo kokybę, apžvelgiamos funkcinės tekstų tipų charakeristikos ir jų sąsajos su vertimo metodais bei tiriamas vyraujančios teksto (originalo) funkcijos santykis su teksto (vertimo) funkcija. Remiamasi Jeremy Munday (2001) teiginiu, jog grožinio teksto vertimas turi perteikti originalo estetinę ir meninę formą ir atitikti skaitytojų lūkesčius, sąlygotus socialinės-kultūrinės teksto (originalo ir vertimo) aplinkos. Apžvelgiamos įvairios trilerių rūšys ir jų bruožai: šiuolaikinė aktuali situacija, įvarios rūšies smurtas, greitai besivystantis veiksmas, didelio miesto aplinka, greita tyrimo eiga, šiuolaikinę visuomenę krečiančios ydos, kasdieninė, žargonu ar profesiniais terminais nuspalvinta, kalba. Įrodant literatūrinio žanro svarbą vertimui, pasitelktuose dviejų amerikietiškųjų trilerių vertimo į lietuvių kalbą pavyzdžiuose analizuojama literatūrinio ir techninio bei teisinio vertimo elementų ir vertimo strategijų dermė ir įvairi šiuolaikinio trilerio bruožų traktuotė vertime. Nustatyta, jog populiariosios grožinės literatūros, trilerio, vertimo procesą veikia literatūrinio žanro samprata, taigi, žanras tampa identifikaciniu vertimo, kaip tarpkultūrinės komunikacijos, elementu.

TRANSLATING SPECIALISED TEXTS: AN OVERVIEW OF KEY FACTORS INVOLVED IN TRANSLATOR TRAINING FOR SPECIALISED TRANSLATION

TRANSLATING SPECIALISED TEXTS: AN OVERVIEW OF KEY FACTORS INVOLVED IN TRANSLATOR TRAINING FOR SPECIALISED TRANSLATION

Author(s): Beverly Adab / Language(s): English / Issue: 3/2008

Keywords: Specialised translation; functionalist approaches; domain specificity; adequacy; quality; corpora

Translators wishing to work on translating specialised texts are traditionally recommended to spend much time and effort acquiring specialist knowledge of the domain involved, and for some areas of specialised activity, this is clearly essential. For other types of translation-based, domain-specific of communication, however, it is possible to develop a systematic approach to the task which will allow for the production of target texts which are adequate for purpose, in a range of specialised domains, without necessarily having formal qualifications in those areas. For Esselink (2000) translation agencies, and individual clients, would tend to prefer a subject expert who also happens to have competence in one or more languages over a trained translator with a high degree of translation competence, including the ability to deal with specialised translation tasks. The problem, for the would-be translator, is persuading prospective clients that he or she is capable of this. This paper will offer an overview of the principles used to design training intended to teach trainee translators how to use a systematic approach to specialised translation, in order to extend the range of areas in which they can tackle translation, without compromising quality or reliability. This approach will be described within the context of the functionalist approach developed in particular by Reiss and Vermeer (1984), Nord (1991, 1997) inter alia.

Communist-Capitalist. Semi-Intellectual - A Long Lasting Social Phenomenon

Комунисткапиталисти. Полуинтелектуалац - друштвени феномен дугог трајања

Author(s): Petar M. Anđelković / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 04/2013

Keywords: Serbian society; semi-intellectual; highly-educated primitive person; intelligence; communist-capitalist

Throughout Serbian history there is a dominant cultural and political direction which points to the fact that in our culture there is one fatal flaw - valuing power over personality. The aim of this paper is to describe similar elements of both work and behaviour of a certain class of people, primarily the “intellectual elite”, which prefers the highest economical and political positions. In addition, through parallelism of past and present similarities between semi-intellectuals (Jovanovic), “intelligence” (Reiss), and communist-capitalists as the new-old social phenomenon in the post-socialist society, the paper draws attention to a constant state and behaviour spanning over the nineteenth and the twentieth century with a tendency to proceed well into the next millennium. There is a noticeable phenomenon of the longevity of the same type of people (and their offspring), who, all of a sudden, as one promised future collapses, appear as the heralds of a new future. Therefore, this negative social phenomenon is the posed challenge for our national existence.

The influence of assistive technology on the life quality of persons with severe motor disabilities

The influence of assistive technology on the life quality of persons with severe motor disabilities

Author(s): Andreia Schindler / Language(s): English / Issue: 18/2007

Keywords: physical and health disabilities; severe motor disabilities; assistive technology; educational and social opportunities; academic success and independence;

Many children with severe motor disabilities who are unable to speak or have unintelligible speech have reduced educational and social opportunities and “are treated as deaf, as having low intelligence, or are ignored completely” (Stewart and Wilcock, 2000, p.141). Because, as Bodine and Beukerman (1991) affirm, it is less likely for these children to develop or improve their speech in the future and may have difficulty communicating with people in their environment (McDonnell, Hardman, and McDonnell, 2003) assistive technology has been developed to foster their academic success and independence (Bryant, Bryant, and Raskind 1998). The purpose of this article is, by reviewing some of the studies that have been done in this area, to support the idea that assistive technology can improve the life quality of persons with severe motor disabilities.

Historical Specificity Versus Universal Applicability in Translation Studies

Historical Specificity Versus Universal Applicability in Translation Studies

Author(s): James St. André / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2011

Since the 1980s, universalism has come under attack in a wide variety of disciplines in the humanities and social sciences. Among other factors, the rise of post-structuralism and its distrust of master narratives, the emergence of New Historicism and Cultural Materialism with their emphasis on the historical situatedness of knowledge, and deconstruction’s relentless dismantling of western philosophical traditions have all contributed to this trend. At the same time, the search for universals in both linguistics and in translation studies has been given renewed life through the use of corpus-based studies since the 1990s. The current paper explores to what extent it may be possible, or desirable, to identify rules of universal applicability in translation studies by discussing the intersection of historically specific data and theoretical models. Toward this end, the author discusses four inter-related phenomena. First, he looks at the (non-)translation of translation theory West to East, East to West; second, he discusses the importance of examples and case studies in translation theory; third, he discusses the importance of Western religious belief as philosophical grounding for universalism; and finally, he tries to balance the claims of New Historicism with computational linguistics to show how recent claims for universals in translation studies are qualitatively different from an earlier generation of such claims.

Untersuchung Der Benennungen Des Translationsober- Und Unterbereiches Aus Der Perspektive Der Terminilogieregeln

Çevirinin Üst Alan (Çeviribilim) Ve Alt Alan (Yazılı Çeviri, Sözlü Çeviri) Adlarının Terminoloji Kuralları Açısından İncelenmesi

Author(s): Hüseyin Ersoy / Language(s): Turkish / Issue: 151/2011

Keywords: Translationswissenschaft; Übersetzen; Dolmetschen; Terminologie; Translatologie;

In der türkischen Translationsliteratur wird sowohl für die Bennenung der Unterbereiche der Translation (Übersetzen und Dolmetschen) als auch für den Oberbereich (Translation) das Wort “Çeviri” (Translation, Übersetzen) verwendet. In dieser Studie werden wir untersuchen, wie die Verwendung des Wortes “Çeviri” bei der Benennung aller Bereiche aus der Perspektive der Terminologieregeln aussieht. Wir werden erläutern, dass durch die Verwendung des Wortes “Çeviri” für die Benennung aller Bereiche, die Vorrausetzungen der Terminologieregeln nicht erfüllt werden. Außerdem werden wir betonen, dass in der deutschen Translationsliteratur für alle Bereiche unterschiedliche Bennenungen verwendet werden und dass diese Situation den Terminologieregeln noch mehr entspricht und dass die deutsche Translationsliteratur aus dieser Perspektive für die türkische Translationsliteratur ein Vorbild sein kann. In diesem Umfang werden wir versuchen Bennenungen zu finden, die den Terminologieregeln entsprechender sind und wir werden die Verwendung dieser Begriffe in der türkischen Translationsliteratur empfehlen. Doch der Hauptziel dieser Studie ist nicht die Empfehlung solcher Bennenungen. Vielmehr wird versucht die Existenz einer solchen Realität zu betonen. Somit werden vielleicht mehrere Untersuchungen in diesem Bereich gemacht, die dann hoffentlich dazu beitragen, dass die Bennenungen für den Translationsober- und unterbereiche in der türkischen Translationsliteratur den Terminologieregeln noch mehr entsprechen.

PSYCHOMETRIC EVALUATION OF A SERBIAN ADAPTATION OF THE ANXIETY SENSITIVITY INDEX (ASI-3)

PSIHOMETRIJSKA EVALUACIJA SRPSKE ADAPTACIJE INDEKSA SENZITIVNOSTI NA SIMPTOME ANKSIOZNOSTI (ASI-3)

Author(s): Marija Volarov,Milan Oljača,Ljiljana Mihić,Petar Čolović / Language(s): Serbian / Issue: 3/2017

Keywords: anxiety sensitivity; ASI-3; bifactor model; CFA; IRT

The main purpose of this study was to investigate validity and psychometric properties of the third revision of Anxiety Sensitiv-ity Index (ASI-3) in a sample of general population from Serbia. Total sample was comprised of 553 participants of both gender aged 18–60 years (82.1% female). Results from Confirmatory Factor Analysis (CFA) indicated that a bifactor model with one general factor of general anxiety sensitivity and three specific fac-tors (physical, cognitive, and social concerns) had the best fit to empirical data. IRT results (2PL model) led to a conclusion that the ASI-3 items are relatively difficult. In other words, this ques-tionnaire has better measurement performance in individuals with moderate and high trait levels. The ASI-3 also showed excellent convergent, discriminant, and incremental validity. Several items with poor performance within general population were identified (low information and discrimination parameters value, but high difficulty parameter value). Finally, its predictive power was dem-onstrated above and beyond Behavioural Inhibition System (BIS; Anxiety). Our results are consistent with earlier findings consider-ing the bifactor structure of the ASI-3, and provide support for the theoretical assumption that anxiety sensitivity is a unique con-struct. Research and clinical implications were discussed.

MANAGING HUMAN-TO-HUMAN APPROACH WITH NO HUMANS PRESENT

MANAGING HUMAN-TO-HUMAN APPROACH WITH NO HUMANS PRESENT

Author(s): Tanja Parezanović / Language(s): English / Issue: 10/2017

Keywords: software localization; translation; automobile industry; politeness; human touch approach; first and second person;

Using examples extracted from the author’s work on software localization in the field of automobile industry (English translated into Serbian-Serbia locale), this presentation centres on the issue of polite forms of address. Since software localization relies on the resources from linguistics, business and marketing, and information technologies, politeness is considered in relation to all three aspects: 1) as an important element of human-to-human approach to marketing, whereby 2) the use of personal pronouns has to be taken into account considering the differences between English and Serbian, and contextualized within 3) the largely impersonal process of localization itself. The analysis of the examples aims at defining certain patterns which could potentially facilitate practical work in this branch of translation studies.

ASSESSING THE ROLE OF STYLE IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

ASSESSING THE ROLE OF STYLE IN LITERARY TRANSLATION

Author(s): Berrin N. Aksoy / Language(s): English / Issue: 2/2017

Keywords: style; literary translation; literary text; translated text

Literary translation and its characteristics have been a point of attraction in literary andacademic circles for so many years. It has been generally accepted that since style is the mostdistinguishing element of a literary text, its recreation in translation is of utmost importance. Hence,in order to understand the hows and whys of literary translation, a sound and definite description ofwhat a literary text is, is needed as a first step. A source text of literature does not have the samequalities as those of its translated version since the translation carries in itself the shadows of both thesource and the target linguistic and literary elements. In order to overcome the challenges of literarytranslation then, it is a prerequisite for the translator to be a very good reader of literature in order tofully grasp all the literary, stylistic and cultural qualities of the source text, with all its intendedmeanings and effects.

Apolinary Kątski as an Infant Prodigy

Apolinary Kątski jako cudowne dziecko

Author(s): Ewa Chamczyk / Language(s): Polish / Issue: 01 (36)/2018

Keywords: Apolinary Kątski; virtuoso; violin; infant prodigy; Niccolò Paganini

Infant prodigies were a common phenomenon in the 19th century. They astonished the audience not only through their impressive abilities, but also the innocent beauty and the youthful grace. The perfect example of this is Apolinary Kątski (1826–1879), a violin virtuoso and a composer, known mainly as the founder of the Institute of Music in Warsaw, who, since he was three, was recognizable in concert halls all over Europe.According to the author, the early stage of the violinist’s activity requires more attention. The presented article sketches the path of young Apolinary’s life from the moment of his first performance in 1829 to May 1838, when he was granted with the famous recommendation of Niccolò Paganini. It introduced him to numerous concert halls of Europe and positively influenced his further artistic activity. The hereby presented paper makes an attempt to find out the date and place of birth of Kątski in the context of the rich musical activity of his family members. It also shows the first artistic tours of the young virtuoso against the background of his artisti-cally talented siblings: a violinist Karol, pianists Stanisław and Antoni, and a singer Eugenia. The crucial mo-ment are reflections on the stay of the family in Paris and their first performances in the musical centre of Eu-rope as well as contacts of the young violinist with Niccolò Paganini.The studies on the correspondence of the father of the virtuoso, Grzegorz Kątski, and research on the foreign newspapers let the author reconstruct the life of Apolinary Kątski in the very first stage of his musical activity and place him in the context of infant prodigies of the 18th and 19th centuries.

DIE LITERARISCHE ÜBERSETZUNG MÖGLICHKEITEN UND GRENZEN IM WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN DISKURS

DIE LITERARISCHE ÜBERSETZUNG MÖGLICHKEITEN UND GRENZEN IM WISSENSCHAFTLICHEN DISKURS

Author(s): Elisabeth Berger / Language(s): German / Issue: 1/2009

Keywords: translation history; translation theory; translation technique; parallelism; equivalence; sense;

The history of translation is as ancient as the theoriesconcerning translation. Within the progress of this item the discussionfocuses on two conflicting positions, based on the concepts of semanticequivalence and one-to-one correspondence respectively. The questionwhich has always been significant is, whether to move the text to its readeror to move the reader, that is to say how to deal with the text`soverdetermination. An individual word may relate to one word throughassonance, to another through syntactical equivalence or morphologicalparallelism. Signs participate in several different paradigmatic andsyntagmatic patterns which, in their complexity, cannot be transferredcompletely into another language. The article deals with the question “howto translate?”, which means to substitute one sign for another and not tolose too much of its significance. Is authenticity possible or just a Utopiandream?

The Importance Of A Comprehensive Method In The Teaching Of Literary Translation

The Importance Of A Comprehensive Method In The Teaching Of Literary Translation

Author(s): Berrin N. Aksoy / Language(s): Turkish,English / Issue: 1/2016

Keywords: literary text; translation theory; translation practice; literary translation;

The emergence of translation studies as an independent discipline contributed to the development of the pedagogy of translation included in a number of higher education programmes. Due to its unique status as a creative and aesthetic product, literary text and its translation into a foreign language and culture deserve a comprehensive method which consists of a balance of theory and practice of literary translation. This paper deals with how such a balance should be established in the teaching of literary translation to the future translators of literature in higher education programmes.

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL VALUES AND PRINCIPLES - EMPIRICAL STUDY

THE ROLE OF EDUCATION IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF MORAL VALUES AND PRINCIPLES - EMPIRICAL STUDY

Author(s): Nicoleta Duţă / Language(s): English / Issue: 04/2018

Keywords: Higher Education; values; principles; education; family; performance;

The paper focuses on the issue of education for values in Higher Education. When we talk about education in and through values, we try to train ourselves to respond to the situations that we live at every minute in our classrooms, social environments or families. It is about getting our attitudes and actions to contribute to building a more just, sustainable, equitable and supportive society. The study presents the results of a recent research conducted in the centennial year using survey based on a questionnaire addressed to students aged between 19 and 25, from various faculties of the University of Bucharest. The purpose of the study is to investigate the importance of values by trying to answer the question: Why do we need moral values and principles? identifying suggestions, recommendations on the importance of ethical leadership of life. Therefore, the preliminary results of the analysis of the research data shows that the students consider the education in the family and the school to be important for the development of moral values and principles.

Humour Processing. The Factors that Play a Role in Understanding Humour

Humour Processing. The Factors that Play a Role in Understanding Humour

Author(s): Sandra Levey,Joseph Agius / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2019

Keywords: humour processing; development of humour

Explaining IT programming concepts using NSM explications: The case of ‘variable’ and ‘constant’

Explaining IT programming concepts using NSM explications: The case of ‘variable’ and ‘constant’

Author(s): Bartłomiej Biegajło / Language(s): English / Issue: 5/2019

Keywords: Natural Semantic Metalanguage; Swift programming language; explications; variable; constant;

The paper seeks to explore a practical application of Natural Semantic Metalanguage in defining two core concepts in computer programming, i.e. the concept of a variable and the concept of a constant. The investigation of both programming concepts is carried out with reference to Apple’s Swift programming language, which is now the dominant language in creating applications designed for Apple’s devices. The explications of a variable and a constant developed in this paper are tentative definitions of the most fundamental functionalities behind the two programming concepts. They are meant to ease the learning experience of programming enthusiasts who are at the early stages of their learning path.

Translation and Style Perceived Through the Cognitive Role of the Translator as a Text Receiver during the Creative Process

СТИЛОТ И ПРЕВЕДУВАЊЕТО НИЗ ПРИЗМАТА НА КОГНИТИВНАТА УЛОГА НА ПРЕВЕДУВАЧОТ КАКО ПРИМАТЕЛ НА ТЕКСТОТ ПРИ КРЕАТИВНИОТ ПРОЦЕС

Author(s): Katarina Gjurchevska Atanasovska,Sonja Kitanovska-Kimovska / Language(s): Macedonian / Issue: 6/2018

Keywords: style; translation; original; translator; cognitive role; stylistic effect.

This paper deals with the complexity of the relationship between translation and style. Bearing in mind that this topic has not been very much systematically researched sо far, the aim of the paper is to emphasise the importance of the cognitive role of the translator, who acts as a text receiver throughout the creative process of translating literary texts. The comparative analysis of translated literary texts form English into Macedonian accentuates the role and the significance of the text receiver (or the translator in this particular case) related to the perception of the stylistic dimension of the original text and to the way in which it is kept or lost in the translation, which affects its quality in general. This approach brings to the fore the translator’s role as a reader during the creative process and additionally tackles other issues like the style of the translation itself as a reflection of translator’s choices and its stylistic effect and impressions on other readers.

REVIEW OF THE TALKS BETWEEN THE EKD AND THE ORIENTAL ORTHODOX CHURCHES 1983-1994

RÜCKBLICK AUF DIE GESPRÄCHE ZWISCHEN DER EKD UND DEN ORIENTALISCH-ORTHODOXEN KIRCHEN 1983-1994

Author(s): Martin Tamcke / Language(s): German / Issue: 7/2021

Keywords: Oriental Orthodox Churches; EKD; ecumenical dialogue; consultation; historical review;

Since 1983, representatives of the Evangelical Church in Germany (EKD) and the Oriental Orthodox Churches have met for theological consultations and other bilateral talks. While the attention of the participating commissions was initially on the Christological consensus that was emerging between the two Orthodox church families and finally achieved, the conversation soon shifted to bilateral topics of both church families such as coexistence with Islam or the challenge posed by secularization. For years, a standing committee has accompanied and coordinated the cooperation between the two church families in Germany, which meets at least once a year. Unfortunately, the so called "Nestorians" (the members of the Apostolic Assyrian Church of the East) have not been included in the talks to this day. On the other hand, a common Christological formula could be decided at the 3rd consultation in1991, a standing committee set up as a result of the 4th consultation in 1994and, in view of the Iraq war, a joint press statement against the war was published at the 5th consultation in 2003. However, these interim results cannot hide the fact that there is still a long way to go to further understanding of the content.

THE EFFECTS OF 3D PLASTIC MODELS OF ANIMALS AND CADAVERIC DISSECTION ON STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF ANIMALS

THE EFFECTS OF 3D PLASTIC MODELS OF ANIMALS AND CADAVERIC DISSECTION ON STUDENTS’ PERCEPTIONS OF THE INTERNAL ORGANS OF ANIMALS

Author(s): Jana Fančovičová,Pavol Prokop / Language(s): English / Issue: 6/2014

Keywords: anatomy; animals; biology education; dissection; ideas; student;

The decrease in the method of cadaveric dissection and its replacement with alternative methods has led to discussions about the significance of dissection in biology/anatomy lessons. Certain authors argue that the decline in anatomy knowledge in students is at least partially caused by these factors. An investigation was carried out on the effectiveness of teacher’s demonstrations of cadaveric dissection as opposed to a 3D plastic model on pre-service biology teachers’ ideas concerning what is inside animals. Students were pre-tested on their ideas as to what is inside animals and randomly divided into four treatments (Dissection + Model, Dissection, Model, Model + Dissection). After the treatment, the post-test scores revealed that treatments where both methods were combined resulted in the highest achievement scores, particularly in the case of anatomy of fish. It has been concluded that the combination of cadaver dissection with modern innovative methods is more effective for obtaining anatomy knowledge than the use of only one method. The use of alternative methods should not be in conflict with traditional methods.