We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.
The referendum (proposed in Romania by the Coalition for the Family in order to forbid, in the Constitution, the homosexual marriage) has shown that, in the public discourse in Romania, there is a collusion between Church and state, an ignorance of the difference between human rights and laws, a confusion between mores and laws.
More...
As we can observe on a daily basis, sports and politics are not strictly separated. In addition, sport has become a very effective tool for political parties that employ sport to declare their stance or to communicate with the public. The main objective of this article is to analyse how relevant political parties represented in the Basque Parliament used Twitter to comment on the UEFA European Football Championship in the context of their national identities. In addition, during that time the Spanish General Election took place making the Euro the perfect tool for the political parties to influence and mobilize their voters via Twitter. Based on the content analysis of the official Twitter accounts of these political parties, one may assume that political parties in the Basque Autonomous Community would use the reference to the famous sporting event as a tool that could help them construct and restore national sentiment in society. The main assumption, confirmed at the end, is that Basque nationalist political parties project their ideas through sport in a different way than centrists.
More...
Although there is an extensive comparative research focusing on the influence of various factors contributing to the increase of female representation at the national level, relatively little space is devoted to a similar research at (sub)state levels of governance. Hence, the main objective of this article is to analyse the determinants of women’s descriptive representation in Czech and Slovak regional elections. We show that women’s representation at the regional level is lower not only in comparison with the national but especially with the local level. Our results confirm that women are significantly advantaged in the regions where women held a much higher representation in the previous electoral term. However, other factors show only little positive (expected) influence on women’s representation in the Czech Republic (district magnitude), while we find negative influence of economic development (unexpected) and Catholicism (expected). On the contrary, in Slovakia, most factors influence women’s representation in the expected way. We find higher women’s representation in the regions characterized by higher economic development, higher district magnitudes, higher difference in salaries between men and women and a lower share of Catholics and Hungarians. Furthermore, electoral system proves to be a strong factor as a proportional system, together with higher magnitudes, strongly increases women’s representation. Generally, while the results from the Czech Republic indicate that women’s representation is influenced rather by institutional variables, together with greater openness for women based on previous experience, in Slovakia the relation among various factors is much more complex, influenced by all types of variables.
More...
Asylum law and policy are tightly connected to migration, which remains an omnipresent phenomenon in the globalized world and an alarming issue of the 21st Century. Some of the European countries including Germany, Austria and Switzerland have been dealing with immigrants for more than a century. In other countries, such as Slovakia, it is a relatively new phenomenon. The current study aimed to provide a comparative insight by pointing out political, institutional and legislative frameworks of asylum in the German-speaking countries and in Slovakia, and to highlight particularities of the asylum procedures and legal terminology of the respective countries in the context of the European law. The analysis and legal comparison showed that following EU legislation, the countries had undergone legislative changes as well as establishing a number of new institutions, with specifics stemming from differences in preexisting asylum and migration policies. This process was determined mainly by the increased pressure on the migration systems, which reflected in the need to improve the efficiency of the migration system management.
More...
Contemporary public administration faces many challenges. Globalisation flows represent practical aspects of globalisation as well as functions of public administration represent practical aspect of government. The presented study regarding the challenges of public administration viewed within the context of contemporary globalisation processes concentrates its attention on the metamorphoses of public administration functions. The aim of presented paper is to analyse, with the help of inductive and deductive methods, the impacts of contemporary globalisation processes on the realization of public administration in the conditions of Slovak Republic. Our hypothesis predicts that the globalisation processes and globalisation flows influence the execution of public administration in the Slovak Republic. Presented paper concentrates its attention on the relationship between globalisation flows and public administration functions. The main benefit of the paper is based on the finding that contemporary globalisation flows could be significant factor in transformations of the public administration functions. Finally, the impact of globalisation processes is obvious in each of four basic functions of public administration – administration function, self-organisation function, regulatory function and function of providing public goods and public services. We cannot say that these forces are dominant, but globalisation processes are important factor that should be considered.
More...
This paper provides a comparative analysis and qualitative assessment of the Czech document called “The Long Term Perspective for Defence 2030”. It outlines a set of criteria and provides a matrix for the measurement to place these documents into boundaries of hierarchy and typology of mission, vision, strategy, conception and plan. It compares the document with 11 other foreign documents. This research sample was analysed in two areas: 1) the purpose and nature of the documents, and 2) the contents of the documents. The Czech document differs from the set of analysed documents in its nature - purpose as well as contents. Its title expresses the ambition to streamline the development of building the system of national defence and the contents cover primarily the development of the Armed Forces of the Czech Republic. It has a broader nature and according to the selected method of evaluation, it is rather a strategy. The degree of detail in its individual sections differs significantly. The obtained results of comparative analysis reflect different national approaches to preparing strategic documents in the purpose, concept, contents and place in the hierarchy of strategic documents. At the end, the paper outlines several recommendations and suggestions for the document´s amendment, to be prepared as “The Long Term Perspective for Defence 2035”.
More...
This article deals with the current issues of the development of European economic integration and analysis of the level of governance in Member State of the European Union. The need to streamline EU economic governance was mainly during the debt crisis in the Eurozone, where several member countries got in serious economic problems. The economic crisis has affected all members of the EU, but with a different intensity. The following crisis has exposed several weaknesses and specially a high degree of heterogeneity of all Member States. The first part will be devoted to the theory and methods used for real and nominal economic variables in the EU. First, we evaluate the status of governance of Member States and examine whether there has been a reduction in the disparity from the enlargement of the European Union in 2004. We also summarize the existing heterogeneity in EU indicators and basic data concerning economic, political and social variables. In the second part, we will deal with analysis of the results. The main task of this chapter will closely examine how homogenous/heterogeneous the Member States are. Finally, we conclude by explaining the actual status of the level of governance of the European Union. In doing so, we show how each new component of governance and its tools are key factors for not only economic prosperity and development of the EU, but also for preserving and strengthening the EU's position in the world economy.
More...
The Polish society is currently in the process of changes. These transformations are caused above all by socio-demographic changes that affect the overall shape of Polish society. These changes concern, among others: declines in the number of newly concluded marriages, an increase in the number of divorces, the use of alternative forms of marital-family life (single), a decline in births and the phenomenon of depopulation. Demographers, economists and sociologists have noticed that demographic changes also result from the growing educational and professional aspirations of young people, especially women. (Introductory statement) Therefore, this article presents the socio-demographic changes affecting the basic social cell that is family in contemporary Polish society, and therefore the aim is to analyze the most important indicators of socio-demographic changes in Poland, including, among others: indicators of decline in births, average age of birth of the first child by women, the phenomenon of depopulation, being of professionally active by women. (Objective) The dynamics of socio-demographic changes of the Polish society has been studied in a wide range taking into account both Polish and European statistical data. (Scope) The results show that Polish society is an aging population, struggling with the problem of the lack of generational replacement, with the delayed procreative decisions, the increase in the popularity of alternative forms of marital-family life and low birth rates. (Findings) The reasons are also to be found in the deepening of globalization processes and in European integration, as well as in a big development of new technologies like the Internet, in the cultural amalgamation resulting from the collision of different civilizations, changing lifestyles, and finally in the economic crisis of the end of the first decade of the 21st Century. All of those causes contributed to the emergence of a new shape of the Polish state and Polish society. (Conclusion).
More...Trump karaktere
The interchanges between politics and theatre analysed through Donald Trump's character, focusing on the problematics of dividing reality and fiction , and the rhetorics of speech
More...Gondolatok a passzivizmusról
The role of theatre in the political campaigns before the election of 2018 gained a great importance never experienced before. Ironical and reflexive forms of acting defined the political opponents' presence in the Hungarian media
More...Színház-ügyek Oroszországban
The state of independent theatre art is getting dispersed and diminished in Russia in the last few years. This article analyses the attempts and difficulties of Gogol Centre from the perspective of Kirill Serebrennikov's cause
More...
Perhaps it is still too early or maybe too late to ask and ask ourselves such a question. But, as the millennia of civilization of humans on the planet Earth prove, it is not only possible, but also necessary. It is just for generating a reflection on the human condition, the condition of human communities and people's society. And even if any system and process is inevitably heading towards its end, which can mean death, disappearance or disappointment, but also becoming or transforming, and this is part of that known adage from the world - everything that is worth it we perish - we, people, need to know what, why and how, when, where, and especially by what means. But because of the holistic dimension of any disappearance or becoming, there is endogenous system and process analysis, security, and therefore endogenous and exogenous risk. People have the right to reflection, to know and understand whether society and, implicitly, the community in which they live will be prosperous or disastrous, will disappear or become transformed. This existential and cognitive need persists from the world and will exist as humanity will exist.
More...
One of the causes that make it difficult to develop a relationship of trust and cooperation for peace and on issues of common interest or global issues, and the lack of a set of initiatives, projects and solutions agreed by the two countries to meet expectations the world for the preservation of a peaceful and stable international environment, is the current "dissension" between the new Trump administration and the American media (or a part of it, plus what analysts call the "strange coalition" - the Democrats and some of the Republicans dissatisfied with Trump's "soft policy towards Russia" -). Thus, there is a strong tendency in the United States to tighten the punitive diplomatic tone towards Russia, to look at it as "America's eternal opponent," for which the solution would be the firm re-entry of American diplomacy into the "New Cold War" continuing the encirclement doctrines of Russia, even with the risk of straining to the extreme multipolar world. The Trump presidency is currently facing a permanent and very intense internal pressure to embrace the harsh, traditional (already) traditional Cold War paradigm line and to abandon any attempt to sweeten or open (in a broad sense of mind) in the relationship with Russia. From this prism, the feature of the Trump administration's mandate to be strongly impeded in developing any strategy to build trust in bilateral relations, cooperation and dialogue, confidence building and advancement of dialogue on topics of common interest, from the "soft" political line to Russia. However, due to the fluctuating nature of Russia-US bilateral relations, which demonstrates that the firm strategic decision of the Trump administration to "reject and punish Russia" has not yet emerged in the Cold War logic, but there is a willingness to dialogue, openness and cooperation with Russia, we cannot say with certainty that we are witnessing the entry into the new Cold War and the inevitable confrontation between the two powers (a paradigm in which a large part of the two countries' institutions are accustomed to acting).
More...
Public health is the most important power factor of a nation, representing the basic aspect all the other factors are derived from. Infectious diseases are the main cause of human morbidity and mortality. Vaccination is the most significant prophylactic method regarding infectious-contagious diseases. Mass vaccination prevents the emergence of epidemics, epizootics or homonymous pandemics, and at the level of the individual it ensures specific active immunity (complete or partial). Thus, the vaccination of population and/ or risk groups has strategic importance for the respective nation both at peacetime and during war.Military scientific research could result in micro-production of specific drugs (antidotes, anti-infectious medicines) in order to cover the army’s needs and also the needs of the population risk groups. An example would be preparing vaccines for the prophylaxis of ABR and bioterrorism-caused diseases, as niche products. There is nothing that prevents the preparation of a certain medicine as serial, galenic, or pilot-batch product, provided that there are adequate space, equipment, personnel, and procedures, according to the law or exceptional circumstances exceptions.
More...
The governance of businesses tends to vary depending on the ownership, i.e., the private sector vs. the public sector, or the industry, for example, banking vs. non-banking, and many more. This paper aims to develop an analytical model in explaining the governance of family owned businesses more specifically. It argues that because of the family ownership and thefamily management, family businesses require a particular attention. Also, because family businesses appear to set non-financial goals in addition to financial goals the governance of family businesses cannot be equally treated as those of other firms in the private sector. Given the less developed nature of the capital markets in the developing countries such asSri Lanka, family businesses play a significant role in the economic development of such countries. Nevertheless, family businesses face significant survival challenges, as they are likely to promote those who have family ties into management positions than the professional managers. By reviewing the existing literature critically, this paper identifies the variables, namely family power (i.e., ownership and management), experience and cultural factors, which influence the accomplishment of financial and non-financial goals of family owned businesses, and develops an analytical model to explain their governance.
More...
The moral philosophy of management and the effects of the dominating doctrines in public policy and decision making, in wider terms means to question what kind of relations, once applied, these doctrines and strategies created between state, groups and individual rights. The EU accession of Southeast Europe countries represents a unique chance to understand the real capability and superiority of technocratic solution, as a dominating doctrine in accession processes, exerted in situations of limited capacities in decision making, lack of established democratic institution, which presume weak capabilities in setting up long term strategies. A unique chance to test the real value of the so-called cold and rational solutions in public decision making. In this case the trade off is between the kind of society this political and managerial doctrine creates, how much the interests of those who mandates the “technocratic power” by the power transfer process are still in balance or under consideration.
More...
A. Ross JOHNSON is a History and Public Policy Fellow at the Woodrow Wilson International Center for Scholars in Washington and Senior Adviser at Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. Johnson was a senior executive of RFE/RL from 1988 to 2002, serving as director of Radio Free Europe, director of the RFE/RL Research Institute, acting president, and counsellor of RFE/RL. He was a research fellow at the Hoover Institution from 2002 to 2016 and senior staff member of the RAND Corporation from 1969 to 1988, where he specialized in East European and Soviet security issues. He is author of the book Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty. The CIA Years and Beyond. Stanford: Stanford University Press, 2010 and coeditor of Cold War Broadcasting; Impact on the Soviet Union and Eastern Europe; A Collection of Studies and Documents. Budapest: Central European University Press, 2010. He has overseen the deposit of the RFE/RL archives at the Hoover Institution, the Blinken Open Society Archives, and other archives. He initiated the Cold War Broadcasting Research Google Group, which brings together interested scholars to share ideas, research, and new publications.
More...
Hydro energy is not the main source of energy for the rapidly developing Pakistani economy, but it is an important element of her energy mix. From the Islamabad's economic interests point of view of, the priority is to limit the scale of blackouts, which slow down the development of economics and make life of Pakistan’s population tougher. Hydro power plants, however, are considered more expensive when it comes to the cost of construction than conventional ones. They have a significant advantage: they do not require fuel, and therefore for a country relatively lacking natural resources it is an interesting alternative. The Indus river basin area is suitable to the construction of this type of infrastructure. However , demographic factors are a serious limitation for the development of this type of infrastructure – the growing population means an increase in the demand for potable water (both for people as well as for the food sector). In addition, environmental risks associated with global warming may also have a negative impact on water supply. International environment is disadvantageous to the development of hydro plants. The Indus Water Treaty, signed with India in 1960, does not match the new challenges posed by both the growing population and the development of hydropower. Therefore, competition in the management of shrinking water resources may lead to an escalation of the conflict between India and Pakistan, lasting over 70 years. An important role for the dynamics of international relations in South Asia, also in the energy and water dimension, has and will have a policy of the People's Republic of China, which is focused on close cooperation with Pakistan, which is considered by India as a thread.
More...
The aim of this article is to attempt to present and evaluate the conception of human security, proposed by anarcho-capitalism – a radical trend of libertarianism. The content analysis method was used to realize this task, while the main source of works constitutes the main works of the leading anarcho-capitalists: Murray Newton Rothbard, David Friedman and Hans-Hermann Hoppe. The results of the work is the adoption of several conclusions, including, first of all, that the anarcho-capitalist conception of human security is undoubtedly an innovate idea, contesting commonly recognized solutions in this matter.
More...