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Кохезионата политика на ЕС. Икономически, социални и териториални различия в развитието на районите – реалности и предизвикателства. (по примера на България)

Author(s): Svetlana Aleksandrova-Zlatanska / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

In this paper I review the economic, social and territorial inequalities between rural and urban regions in Bulgaria. The depopulation and risk of poverty continue to be a challenge of regional development. Demographic change, investment level, migration, business and agricultural development are determinants of the regional divergence which are examined in the light of governance and financial resources by European Structural and Investment funds. The effects of the European Cohesion funds and Common Agricultural Policy on convergence of the urban and rural areas are subject of analysis as well. The conclusions aims to identify the main lessons of cohesion in the light of territorial convergence and local and regional perspective development.

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Актуални тенденции при облагането с ДДС

Author(s): Lyubka Tzenova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report discusses recent data on tax revenue and the European Commission series of measures to improve the Value Added Tax (VAT). The article contains information and analysis of the proposals will allow consumers and companies, in particular start-ups and SMEs, to buy and sell goods and services more easily online. The article contains information about proposal of implement a temporary generalised reverse charge mechanism (hereinafter 'GRCM') with a certain threshold per invoice which would derogate from one of the general principles of the current VAT system, and about European Commission is committed to ensuring the free movement of goods and services and to ensuring that "individuals and businesses can seamlessly access and exercise online activities under conditions of fair competition".

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Еволюция на институционалната рамка за финансова стабилност в Европа

Author(s): Ruslan Tsankov,Stella Valeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The global crisis from 2007-2008, as well as the sovereign debt crisis due to deep contradictions in the European Union become the main reason for an active policy to change the European framework for financial stability and economic governance. The purpose of this paper is to offer a broad overview and an analysis of those institutional transformations not only in statics but also in dynamics. To uncover the reasons that have led to the establishment of a new institutional structure for financial supervision in the EU, the authors deepen into the understanding of the typical sovereign problems of the Euro area and examine the institutional measures to oversee the budgetary and economic policies of the countries.

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Динамика на външния държавен дълг на страните членки на Европейския съюз през периода 2007 – 2016 г.

Author(s): Aglika Kaneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper is devoted to the change of the gross external debt in several Member states of the European Union and the euro area – Belgium, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and France during the period 2007 – 2016. An examination has been carried out of the key indicators for the gross external debt of these countries in the period 2007 – 2016. A comparative analysis has been made of the dynamics of the financial indicators for the gross external debt of the covered by the analysis countries over the period 2007 – 2016. An outline has been presented of the major trends of the gross external debt dynamics of Belgium, Germany, Italy, Luxembourg, the Netherlands and France.

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Демократична отчетност на Съвета на Европейския съюз след влизане в сила на Договора от Лисабон

Author(s): Gergana Radoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper explores the democratic accountability in the EU after the ratification of the Lisbon Treaty. Research claims that democratic deficiencies are being observed and they trigger a discussion among academics and policymakers. Author refers to the theoretical concept about the social relation of accountability between actor – forum (Bovens, 2007) in which the actor has an obligation to explain and to justify their actions while the forum is empowered to challenge the actor and ask questions for justifications of the actions taken. Author presents main institutional and leadership functions of the EU and challenges as they conduct their assigned duties especially related to the Council, interaction with the European Parliament and the Rotating Presidency of the Council of the EU. In conclusion it is observed better information and transparency between the involved parties post-Lisbon Treaty. The author suggests, however, more dynamic and result-oriented forums for accountability on both EU and member states level.

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Функционални особености на бюджета на Европейския съюз

Author(s): Hristo Draganov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The presence of significant revenue and expenditures under the European Union's general budget (although they are relatively small compared to the share of the Member States' public funds) which is a major financial instrument for achieving the Union's aims, is a prerequisite for considering its functional features.

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Европейският енергиен съюз: (не)осъзната необходимост

Author(s): Svetla Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The aim of this paper is to present a novel project by the European Commission knows as Energy Union. Author explains the main purpose and priorities of the Energy Union as defined in The Energy Union Strategy. The research answers various questions pertaining to the necessity behind the establishment of the European Energy Union. The practice makes us considering whether the term ‘energy union’ shall be viewed as a political appeal or prospective reality? And whether it is indeed necessary to experience energy crisis first, so that we move on to the establishment of a real energy union?

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Глобални рискове, с които се сблъскват българските компании, при участието си в глобални вериги за доставка

Author(s): Zhelyazko Valchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper presents contemporary trends for the Bulgarian companies participating in global supply chains. Author discusses the structural changes of the Bulgarian economy as a result of the EU membership – growing IT and BPO sectors as well as increasing export potential in the traditional for the country agriculture and military industry. It is noted that the industry and the agricultural sectors are increasing their competitiveness and producing high-value products. Those effects could be particularly explained in regards to the military production growth with the geopolitical conflicts, social unrest and other issues pertaining to the global security. In light with the latter, this research reviews the current global risks which Bulgarian companies, part of the global supply chain, are facing. The author’s goal is to prove that this risk management requires complex and various techniques, flexibility, adaptivity and consistent monitoring. To achieve this, author reviews firstly the export and import of goods by a country and economic sector which helps in defining key trade partners and sectors. Considering the growing share of the outsourcing to the GDP, author pays special attention to the matter. Second, the research identifies and analyses most recent world-wide risks which impact the global economy. In conclusion, author discusses the risks particular to the Bulgarian companies and their mitigation.

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Мерки на Европейския съюз по бежанската криза

Author(s): Atanas Pavlov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Over the past almost three years, the European Union and Europe as a whole have been faced with the challenge of reaching an agreement on a number of issues regarding the largest migration movement since the Second World War – the so-called "refugee crisis". The set of measures includes actions to address the root causes of the crisis and a significant increase in humanitarian aid both within and outside the Union. One of the key aspects of the EU migration policy management, which is included in the European Migration Program of May 2015, is the hotspot approach. The European Commission has introduced the "hotspot" approach in order to support Greece and Italy as first-line members in coping with the significant increase in the number of irregular migrants arriving at their external borders for the period from 2015 to 2016. The aim of this approach is to provide operational support to Member States to ensure arriving migrants are identified, registered and fingerprinted, and channelled into the relevant follow-up procedures. To a greater extent, the hotspot approach can be seen as positive for improving migration management in both Member States by increasing their migrants reception capacity, enhancing registration procedures and consolidating efforts to coordinate operational assistance. However, setting them up took longer than planned. In Greece, four of the five planned hotspots were operational in March 2016, with the last one coming into operation by June 2016. In Italy, four out of six planned hotspots were operational in March 2016, and two additional hotpots were still in the process of being set up but not yet operational at the end of February 2017. Despite the considerable support from the EU, at the end of 2016 the reception facilities in both countries were not yet adequate to properly receive (Italy) or accommodate (Greece) the number of migrants arriving. There is still a shortage of adequate facilities to accommodate and process unaccompanied minors in line with international standards, both in the hotspots and at the next level of reception.

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Развитие на Европейския съюз и европейските институции

Author(s): Todor Kondarev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The current paper "Development of the European Union and the European Institutions" presents the political system of the EU with its specific nature and differences in comparison with the classic democratic political systems in national states. For this purposes the division in the power competences between the EU institutions and the national institutions of the members’ counties are described and analyzed. As a main element of EU political system are described the specific characteristics of the EU institutions – Council of the European Union, European Council, European Commission, European Parliament, Court of Justice of EU, European Central Bank, European Court of Auditors and others. The special intention is focused on their participation in the EU policies development, the decision making and the legislation development. The relations with the national power bodies/institutions are described. Some conclusions on the future development of the EU and its institutions are made in relation with the pointed out visions by the European Commission with The White Paper On Future of Europe (2017) summarized in 5 scenarios as well as by the Reflection papers (RP) for future of the main policies of EU (RP on European defense, RP on EU finances, RP on social dimensions of Europe, RP on harnessing globalization).

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Предимства и предизвикателства за България от по-ранно присъединяване към банковия съюз на ЕС

Author(s): Kaloyan Simeonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This article reviews benefits and challenges for Bulgaria from the earlier accession to the Banking union in the EU. The Banking Union foundation was established in 2014 with the Single Supervisory Mechanism and two related regulations allowing the European Central Bank to exercise monitoring of the banks from the Euro area whilst the second regulation amends the predecessing legislative act setting up the European Banking Authority. The author reviews the present situation in the Bulgarian banking sector, analyses the benefits emanating from earlier participation in the EU Banking Union and mentions several risks that shall be considered prior to the accession to the Banking Union. The research concludes that the Bulgarian accession to the Banking Union would be rather political than solely economic decision in a domestic perspective. This decision will be taken on a national level after consultation with the European partners and ECB in particular. Author highlights that Bulgaria historically gained more when transferred some sovereign functions (e.g., currency board in 1997, EU legislative compliance).

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Програма „Хоризонт 2020” и европейския Енергиен съюз

Author(s): Ivan Tsvetanov,Ivaylo Toskov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This paper reviews Horizon 2020 Program of the EU in light of the proposed European Energy Union in 2015. Authors discuss briefly Horizon 2020 program and in a greater detail the inter-relation between the Horizon 2020 priorities and the Energy Union. The focus in on different aspects pertaining to the energy efficiency, competitiveness, low-carbon energy, coherence in the EU energy systems, renewables, innovation and research as well as socio-economic aspects. In conclusion, authors note that the presented framework for the establishment of the Energy Union in the EU reaffirms its commitment to sustainable development, energy security and competitiveness. This is being achieved through expected proactive participation from the scientific community and technological innovators. Horizon 2020 is an instrument that will assist in achieving the strategic goals for sustainable energy through financing measures and initiatives aimed at energy efficiency and low-carbon energy. Horizon 2020 program foresees cooperation with nationally financed initiatives or private sector participants aimed at enhancing the energy technologies as well as achieving high level of efficacy.

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Потенциал за производство на електроенергия от ВЕИ в България и ЕС

Author(s): Svetla Boneva / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This research presents some concepts regarding the opportunities to develop electricity production from renewable energy sources (RES). Study notes that hydropower, wind power, solar energy as well as biomass present promising potential for electricity production in Bulgaria. It is demonstrated a necessity of full utilization of the Bulgarian natural resources as well as complete utilization of the already installed capacities in some RES power plants. Author discusses the overall potential of RES in the EU.

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Споделена социална отговорност между частния сектор и наддържавните институции в Европа – къде стои бизнеса в бежанската криза

Author(s): Stanislava Lalova / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The last decade has made the whole world, in particular Europe and the EU, direct witnesses and participants in a number of processes and phenomena that have left a strong mark on the economic and social situation of the new globalized world. Undoubtedly one of the biggest events that still stays under the public eye and is continuously covered by the media is the refugee wave that swept the EU. European institutions and the UN tirelessly launch and build programs in order to address and tackle the pressing problems. It is of particular interest to follow the reaction and actions of the private sector in this situation. The object of this study are three of the major oil companies that have European origin and their headquarters are based in the EU – how and whether they introduce and update their programs for corporate social responsibility in connection with the current events? What other major European-based companies handle the situation? Can the private sector and the supranational institutions work together and find the right path to economic and social stabilization?

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Изпълнение на предварителните условия и тяхното значение за програмния период 2014-2020 г.

Author(s): Stoyan Neytchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

This report provides a brief overview and analysis of the specific document signed between the European Commission and the Republic of Bulgaria in regards with the implementation of measures and priorities during the current programming period, namely the Partnership Agreement and its section "Preconditions". A systematic analysis has been carried out on the four strategically inter-related funding priorities outlined in the Agreement, and the relation between these priorities and the respective objectives set through the Partnership Agreement has been examined.In addition to the above, author reviews the nature, scope and significance of the Preconditions section and demonstrates the link between the thematic objectives and the content of the Preconditions. Furthermore, the degree of their implementation is presented with an emphasis on those that have not yet been implemented and conclusions are offered in this regard.

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Проблеми свързани с финансовата дисциплина на публични бенефициенти, при реализиране на проекти финансирани със средства от фондовете на ЕС

Author(s): Stefan Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

After its accession to the EU, Bulgaria and especially the public entities in the country have initiated the process of an active participation and absorption of EU structural and cohesion funds. Within this process and in a situation of active and ongoing amendment of the national legislation, a number of difficulties arise pertaining to the understanding of the legal provisions. Some of these problems suggest the lack of capacity of the beneficiaries, and some appear due to misunderstanding of the regulations by the administration managing the operational programs in the country. The purpose of the study is to present individual examples of how legal provisions remain misunderstood in the process of managing EU funds, which creates preconditions for financial corrections or loss of public funds from the national budget.

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Показатели за финансова устойчивост на Общините в България

Author(s): Stefan Petrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The financial stance of the municipalities and the fiscal discipline observed by them is an essential factor for the capacity of the local authorities to carry out their delegated through various laws functions at a local level. Financial position and fiscal discipline are assessed through a set of indicators defined in the Public Finance Act and supervised by the Ministry of Finance. The main goal of this paper is to calculate and analyze the values of these indicators, drawing conclusions regarding the extent to which municipalities in Bulgaria have capacity for full and effective governance of its budgets.

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Отговорности на вносителя произтичащи от прилагането на Регламент (ЕО) №1907/2006: критичен преглед

Author(s): Bogdan Stoyanov,Venelin Marinov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The Regulation (EC) 1907/2006 of the European parliament and the Council known as REACH (Registration, Evaluation, Authorization and restriction of CHemicals), is imposing serious responsibilities on companies that manufacture or import chemicals into the territory of the EC in quantity bigger than 1 t/year. The present study examines the obligations of the importers and the problems in case of some non-standard business schemes and types of substances. Solutions are proposed, some of which are successfully implemented in practice.

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Ефекти от кризата в Гърция върху българската икономика

Author(s): Kaloyan Simeonov / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

The crisis in Greece affected everybody and not only Greek citizens and companies. It affected also the neighboring countries like Bulgaria. The current article aims to analyse what are the consequences of the crisis in Greece for the Bulgarian economy and what are the prospects for further enforcing these effects. It focuses on such issues like trade relations between Bulgaria and Greece, foreign direct investments, the influence of the crisis in Greece to the tourism sector in Bulgaria, the role for the financial markets, the Small and Medium Sized Enterprises, unemployment rate and other factors in the Bulgarian economy.

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Участие на България в глобалните вериги за доставка под влияние членството на страната в Европейския съюз

Author(s): Zhelyazko Valchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Publication Year: 0

Global supply chains are a contemporary manifestation of international business, which allows different economies to utilize their competitive advantages to a greater level and participate in certain stages of a final product manufacturing process. One of the fundamental powers for their development in Bulgaria is the process of regional integration and in particular the preparation for accession and the subsequent membership of the country in the European Union. The supranational rules that apply to all member states, the free movement of goods, services, workers and capital and the step-by-step implementation of a common currency are the factors that let the Bulgarian economy restructure itself and participate successfully in global supply chains as a supplier of value-added goods and not as an exporter of raw materials.

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