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This paper tackles the so called “rhyme transfer”, which is a phenomenon, specific to translations of Russian rhymed poetry into Bulgarian. Different means of transferring the rhymes from the original poetic text to the translated text are discussed. Special attention is paid to the problemsof retaining the type of the verse endings and the phonetic exactness of rhymes.
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Bulgarian dialectologists live with the myth that today’s village is similar to the old patriarchal settlement in which there is no socialculture. Therefore, they believe that classical dialectological research methods and ways of description are still valid. This paper argues that the modern Bulgarian village has undergone considerable change and its language can be studied only by sociolinguistic methods.
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Plato’s Allegory of the Cave is an early example of currently still ongoing debates on the principles of reflection, the conditional nature of the imaginary world and the relativism of cognitive psychology. This text posits certain narrative archetypes applicable to the discussion of image based thinking, transformations of ideas, objects and simulacra, as well as the open character of the verbal representation of these processes. Based on various visualizations of the plot from the time of the Renaissance to the present day, the paper illustrates the Allegory’s interpretative potential and poses certain questions to the modern world of multimedia products.
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The paper proposes a lexicographic model for a thesaurus of the Old Bulgarian language. This model can well be used as a template for a diachronic presentation of this type of lexical relations. The goals of the project for such a dictionary are also outlined here: the collection and lexicographic processing of the wealth of synonyms in the Old Bulgarian language. The theoretical formulation, on which the dictionary is to be constructed, is also well-grounded here, that is the concept of the word as a ternary substance charactrerised by: an absolute value (its meaning), a relative value (its quality to be stylistically marked or stylistically neutral as well as its ability to enter into various semantic relations with other words) and a combinative value (its syntactic-semantic positions and the series of lexemes capable of filling them). What is further discussed are some issues related to the macrostructure and microstructure of the dictionary. Also, the advantages of its creation are given.
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The turbulent – in a historical sense – era of ІV–V cc. was at the same time the Golden Age of Christian literature. The issue of the Roman Empire, which was the homeland of most of the Church authors at that time, is discussed in the Latin Christian literary works of this period. What was the attitude of the Christian writers towards the political entities, which called themselves „homelands“? What kind of travels did the Christians during ІV–V cc. undertake, what were the reasons for them and what was their purpose? And finally, what did the Christians actually strive for in their journeys and in their lifetime as a whole? The following paper aims to answer these questions.
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Тhe paper is an attempt to overcome the asymmetry in the descriptions of web forums as a genre of Internet communication. It supports the classification based on content by challenging the differentiation of forums according to their communicative goals.
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It is conventional in traditional structural linguistics to assume that one verb may occur in different syntagmatic realizations, such as ‘He closed the door – The door closed’ or ‘She stopped the car – The car stopped’. Dik’s (1997) Functional Grammar postulates a differentiation between the semantic component of a verbal lexeme and its predicate frame. The latter may undergo variation in terms of reduction or extension without affecting the semantic core which remains unchanged. This paper outlines typical productive patterns of valence variation – predicate frame reduction or extension, in processes of verbal derivation in English and Bulgarian. The functional analysis applied here offers an innovative account and subsumes within one theoretical model a wide gamut of phenomena, such as structures with a ‘locative Object’, ‘free datives’ or the Bulgarian ‘dative of disposition’.
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The article deals with the role of the “Turkish yoke” metaphor in historiography, history textbooks, and Bulgarian national culture. The analysis leads to the conclusion that “Turkish yoke” is not the most suitable term for naming the historical period during which Bulgarians had no state of their own for nearly five centuries. Although historically imprecise, the metaphor is defined as an important concept of national culture, representing the mindset of the Bulgarian elite during the High Renaissance period. The understanding of the historical logic behind the term “Turkish yoke” is very important for preserving correct historical memory of the events of the third quarter of the nineteenth century. The text concludes that the “Turkish yoke” metaphor symbolizes the nоn-slave consciousness of those Bulgarians who had accepted the ideas of national revolution.
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The present paper deals with the concepts of GOOD and BAD as reflected in the Bulgarian lexical system from the standpoint of Cognitive Metaphor Theory, developed by G. Lakoff and M. Johnson. The study is based on the view that the concepts of GOOD and BAD undoubtedly belong to the natural kind of human experience, but nevertheless require definition by means of metaphors as the concepts do not exist objectively in the physical world but emerge from human understanding. The linguistic data elucidate metaphors based on image schemata for ENERGY, FORCE, CONTROL, BALANCE and EQUILIBRIUM on which the conceptualization of the notions under scrutiny here is based in the minds of Bulgarians.
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In oration 43, in the anthology “Zlatostruj” is interpreted chapter 13 of the epistle of St. apostle Paul to the people of Rome. In (13:1) obedience to the bearers of power is preached and this behavioral principle is a motto for the author’s text. St. John Chrysostom follows the apostle’s belief that Christ introduces His laws not to destroy the social reciprocity and the civil order, but to strengthen them in order to prevent unnecessary and useless wars. It is normal the power and the society to be in a state of co obedience and consent, in constant obtaining and application of the Christian principles of the attitude between personalities. It is evident that king Simeon the Great shares the idea for an ideal, educated and undivided Christian state under the patronage of God and the power of pious earthly king, God’s servant (Rom.13:4). The consent and co obedience of the nationals is guided by the supreme principle of love – you must love your neighbor as yourself (Matthew 22:37–39).
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The article explores how the grammatical forms of the predicate can be dependent on the level of politeness in modern Bulgarian and Polish. The sentences of two levels of communication – informal and formal – are compared. The author establishes general similarities between the forms of the predicate on the informal level but discovers considerable dissimilarities in formal styles which should be taken into consideration when evaluating the level of politeness in Polish.
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The object of the study is a motive analysis of the formal and semantic relations between the immediate constituents of the German composite nouns and their Bulgarian equivalents in specialized texts from the field of technical chemistry. The results of the analysis are important for the formation of terminology, the lexicography, the translation and foreign language teaching. The first part of the paper – due to the limited space – the research model in the contrastive analysis is elaborated and only the semantic motive analysis is carried out. In the second part of the paper the formal motive analysis and the projection of the semantic relations onto the formal structures are carried out.
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In the article the questions of display are considered colloquial on the example of correlation of functional-stylistic markers the „colloquial – poetry“, the „colloquial – scientific character“, the „colloquial – official business“. The peculiarities of controversial issues in the study of oral and conversational speech areas in Slavic languages. A theory of conversational-style domestic literary language as a source of the elements of spoken in other genre and stylistic conditions of communication.
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The text analyses some particular features of the culture of the Antiquity and their projections into Western art, more specifically the ideas of love and happiness, of the artist/creator, of the roles of women in society and art. By tracing literary examples from the Antiquity, as well as literary historiography I will highlight the stable lines of representation which have also fed into the topos of West European imaginary – the image of the woman artist/creator (Sappho, Corinna), the myth of the male artist/creator and his model – “muse” (Kampaspa, Phryne, Lais, Aspasia, Cynthia, Fornarina), the myth of Pygmalion and Galatea.
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The present paper provides a historical perspective of representations of Bulgarian immigrants in Bessarabia and their descendants on how it is possible to preserve their own ethno-cultural identity in the conditions of a multiethnic environment, how to resist assimilation, and subsequently – what tasks have the community and its leaders assigned to native language education. Several attempts by Bulgarian immigrants to organize native language education are considered; the author analyzes whether – and to what extent – there were special requirements for the content of the training. Summing up the history of the education of the Bessarabian Bulgarians, we can conclude that it is in fact a history of contradictions between the aspirations of Bulgarians to teach their children in their native language and the state policy of Russia, Romania, the USSR and the Republic of Moldova. Based on the documentation and scholarly papers on the issue at hand, the following conclusions have been made: until the 1930s, the very right to learn one’s native language was denied per se, whereas recognizing the ethno-identification content of the native language as well as understanding the need to overcome ethnocentrism in the process of teaching and learning the native language and culture have been characteristics of the late 20th and early 21st centuries
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