Kraszewski-powieściopisarz „na ścieżce”… – tylko chciał nią pójść czy rzeczywiście „poszedł”?

Author(s): Grzegorz Zając / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article is dedicated to the reflexions on the manner, in which the opinions formed by Jozef Ignacy Kraszewski in his statements concerning his writing path and the desired development directions of his literary career that date back to the 30s of the 20th century correspond with the first novels of this author that were created at the preliminary stages of Romantic tendencies taking shape in the national prose fiction. The main focus of the article are Mister Walery and Big World of a Small Town whose literary profile delineated by the autothematic comments as well, was confronted with the critical reflection of the author included in such article as A Quick Look at the Path I Took (1832) or On Polish Novelists (1836).

„A pisać, to znaczy przecież żyć?”. O literaturze w cieniu zagłady albo Lem wśród poetów (Leśmian, Różewicz, Baczyński, Lipska)

Author(s): Jan Zięba / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article undertakes the attempt to describe Stanisław Lem’s views on the topic of the nature of poetry, literature and creative process. The process of this artistic auto-reflexion takes course in the shadow of the Holocaust and amidst the literary confrontation with poets of three generations that took place throughout the first few post-war decades. Crucial proves to be the confrontation with the contemporaries (in the context of reviews dedicated to Baczyński and Rożewicz from 1947 and 1948), which allows us to formulate two alternative models of literature and to declare oneself in favour of one of the sides. The memory of Holocaust, as well as post-war reading of Bolesław Leśmian’s and Ewa Lipska’s poetry results in changes to the juvenile aesthetic declarations. Unchanged however, remains the vitalist element already highlighted in 1945 in the Lem’s letter to Marian Hemar: “to write is to live”.

Konserwatywna konceptualizacja. O wczesnej twórczości Szczepana Twardocha

Author(s): Piotr Wojtaszek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2023

The article attempts to synthesize the conservative views of Szczepan Twardoch from the early period of his work and to present their sources as well as the reasons for the later, radical change. The writer was inspired by conservative thinkers during his studies, mainly in the context of the French Revolution history. Under their influence, he began to contest development direction of the European civilization. His works from this period contain themes of the end of civilization, the fall of Christianity, and the struggle to preserve the cultural status quo. He also referenced the current political situation in Poland and the writers and philosophers representing a similar line of thought, primarily Joseph de Maistre and Ernst Junger. Intellectual maturing and the related aversion to dogmatism caused him to reject conservative views.

Особенности концептуализации имени собственного публицистическом дискурсе

Author(s): Anna Zhavoronkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article examines the features of the linguistic objectification of names associated with the names of key political persons in the modern Serbian-language publicistic discourse. Such persons are the leading political figures of modern Serbia (president, prime minister, minister of internal affairs, minister of military affairs, etc.), whose names serve as the personification of the country's image. The proper name acts as a conceptual dominant of the media text, the nature of the linguistic objectification of which makes it possible to judge the moods prevailing in the social and political life of the country, the mirror of which is journalism. The semantic structure of a proper name is represented by the personal and professional traits of politicians, which are interpreted by the authors through the categories of the comic; as a result, the political person receives an unflattering, offensive nickname, which, however, takes its place in discourse and continues to be actively replicated.

Основные словообразовательные модели IT-лексики рядового пользователя в русском и болгарском языках

Author(s): Diyana Nikolova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2021

The article analyzes the formal structure of the IT vocabulary of an ordinary user. The question of word-formation models of vocabulary in the IT sphere is relevant, since this language for special purposes is relatively young, the system is still rapidly replenishing and improving. The dynamic development of this area, the continuous emergence of new nominations requires an adequate description of the ongoing processes in the IT vocabulary. A quantitative analysis is carried out, productive word-formation models for the nomination in the IT field are identified. The use of specific word-formation means in the formation of IT vocabulary indicates its belonging and connection with the grammatical features of the Russian or Bulgarian languages, on the one hand, as well as the influence that borrowed units experience, and on the other hand, the impact of this vocabulary on word-formation principles in the studied languages.

Сучасні технології застосування комунікативних стратегій і тактик у фаховому дискурсі. (Современные технологии использования коммуникативных стратегий и тактик в профессиональном дискурсе)

Author(s): Milena Paliy,Nina Lytvynenko,Nataliia Misnyk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 3/2021

The article explores approaches (views) of Slavic researchers for the use of communicative strategies and tactics in the contemporary medical discourse. Their common features and differences are determined. The phenomena analyzed reveal opportunities for the optimization of professional speech in Bulgarian, Ukrainian and Russian, having an important practical orientation in communication in the field of healthcare.

O niezbędności humanistyki w zinstrumentalizowanym świecie. Humanistyka jako projekt kształtowania wrażliwości

Author(s): Magdalena Szpunar / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

In the text, the humanities are understood as the only realistic counterbalance, but also resistance to the dominance of instrumental mind. Devaluation and marginalization of the humanities herald cultural regression and cultural autism of individuals. The humanities are treated as an important project for the formation of sensitivity, social integration, but also emancipation, the creation of a common universe that protects society from atomization. The humanities makes us realize that despite its focus on pragmatism and efficiency, the most important thing always is and has to be the human being. Although it can sometimes be inconclusive, although it leaves many things open, uncompleted, this is where its strength lies, breaking us out of certainties, breaking the hegemonic discourse of what is oppressive, speaking up for the human being.

Humanistyka i kultura czytania w obliczu zagrożeń egzystencjalnych. Lektury w czasach zarazy a egzystencjalne doświadczenia graniczne: epidemia-erotyka-wojna

Author(s): Barbara Zwolińska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

In the article, referring to the common experiences related to the pandemic, I reflect on the meaning of texts read in the “times of plague.” I ask the question, to what extent and what kind of reading helps to understand the traumatic events experienced by people (affecting the physical and mental state), what readers are looking for in novels, memoirs and journals concerning mass diseases, for example, plague and cholera. The review and analysis of these themes in selected works is accompanied by a question about the metaphorical meaning of the epidemic, symbolizing the diseases of civilization, such as: consumerism, materialism, thoughtless exploitation of natural goods, destruction of the environment, or, in general, the evil accumulating in subsequent wars. An important theme is also the one relating to the connection between eroticism with the plague–a trail important in T. Mann’s Śmierć w Wenecji and in G. G. Márquez’s Love in the Time of the Plague. Both fictional works, such as the novels mentioned above, as well as records of witnesses of history depicting the war as a plague, or referring, like S. Márai, to the journalistic style in describing the course of cholera in Italy, may inspire an attempt to answer the question to what extent readings describing the time of human trials in a situation of endangered humanistic values may be a signpost for future generations not necessarily feeling well in a culture without books.

W stronę upodmiotowiania twórczości naukowej – przypadek auto/biografii

Author(s): Marcin Kafar / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

The article presents the problem of the tension arising between academic creativity and non-academic experiences of scholars. The individual subsections consist of approximations of expressive cases of scholarly auto/biographies that fall into the category of “consciously halved”– researchers whose works are situated at the intersection of what is personal with what is academic, giving it a specific cognitive tenor. The perspective adopted in the considerations is contained in the horizon of reflexive thinking, enabling the cultivation of hermeneutics of the Self in the area of “new humanities” as starting (and ending) with lived experiences of active human agents.

Postawić świat w centrum! (Post)humanistyczna wyobraźnia pedagogiki

Author(s): Maksymilian Chutorański / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

Referring to researchers who emphasize the Anthropocene aspect of modernity, I put forward a thesis on the need for a posthumanist pedagogical imagination, which I understand with reference to the sociological imagination of C. W. Mills and the ontological imagination of A. W. Nowak as an openness to the complexity of the world and questioning the accepted pedagogical settlements on ontology, methodology and axiology. Pedagogical imagination is an openness to the complex relations between humans and non-humans (R. Braidotti, D. Haraway, B. Latour, J. Law). Within its framework, questions are raised about the basic educational actors of the collective and what they can do for the common world. Pedagogical imagination is combined with the demand to constantly transcend the established horizons of what is pedagogical/humanistic.

Jak ryby w wodzie. Kultura terapii i jej krytycy

Author(s): Agnieszka Graff / Language(s): Polish Issue: 48/2024

If therapeutic discourse is the horizon of contemporary culture and the ideological underpinning of neoliberalism, then the present crisis requires transcending this horizon. The article examines the historical and political dimensions of the therapeutic dominant of contemporary culture. The first part presents the model of subjectivity implicit in therapy culture, the expansion of psychology as a narrative and cognitive paradigm, and two rival political orientations in critique of therapy culture. The second part looks at historical sources of the therapeutic mode and its subsequent transformations. The third part examines the entanglement of therapy culture in neoliberalism, its role in responsibilisation of the subject, pathologization of poverty, and privatisation of stress. The conclusions look at responses to such critique coming from therapists themselves.

ПРОФ. ИВАН ДОБРЕВ НА 80 ГОДИНИ

Author(s): Margaret Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 16/2019

ДА ПРЕВЪРНЕШ ЧУЖДОТО В СВОЕ

Author(s): Marinela Lipcheva-Vais / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 19/2021

Ботев във филмовите интерпретации на Никола Корабов и Максим Генчев

Author(s): Anna Alexieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The paper is focused on two movies, dedicated to the life and deeds of the Bulgarian poet and revolutionary Hristo Botev. Chronologically, the first one – “Freedom or Death” (1968), was directed by Nikola Korabov – a film director, considered as a part of so-called classical era of the Bulgarian cinematography. The second one, entitled simply “Botev” (2022), was directed by Maxim Guenchev – a contemporary movie director, known with his history-based works. In different time contexts, both movies were met with considerable criticism by the audience and cinema professionals. The paper pays particular attention to the reasons why these films provoked so many pronounced negative reactions. The first movie was not accepted positively because of the political circumstances took place in 1968. Prague Spring affected the whole socialist block. Thus, the movie by Nikola Korabov was seen as deviating from the politically correct line of the Bulgarian socialism, so its screening was stopped by the ideological censorship. The interpretation of the main character and the way the history events were shown was regarded as diverting from the socialist canon. Consequently, the movie was prohibited for public display. “Botev” movie’s reception was not particularly warm as well. The audience was influenced by the director’s pro-Russian point towards the Russian aggression in Ukraine. The same attitude was shared by the main movie character from the screen. It should be taken into account that nowadays the national-populism is in constant raise, and the dictionary of the social dialogue, dedicated to the problems of the national identity, is radicalized respectively. Concerning the artistic language of the first movie, it is defined as a style mixture with no coherent intention, as involving unnecessary Biblical reminiscences, overexaggerated aestheticization with no plot motivation. Summarizingly, the movie was seen as a display of mannerism, unfitting the idea of the national hero’s concept in its socialist version. The movie “Botev” by Maxim Guenchev leaves an impression for amateur, informal event, targeted for close friends and the families of the cast. In conclusion, the image of Hristo Botev was not properly screened either in the socialist period or in the 21 century and more than 30 years after its collapse.

„Предчувствието за война“ – чешкото литературно многогласие и интелектуално прозрение между 1935 и 1939 г.

Author(s): Zhorzheta Cholakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024

The book “Inter armа. The Premonition of War in Czech Culture (1935–1939)” contains texts representative of both Czech culture and the dominant attitudes in European cultural space, chronologically framed by the Spanish Civil War and the eve of the Second World War. The compiler of the collection, author of the preface, and translator of most of the texts is Dobromir Grigorov. The selected literary testimonies – journalistic essays, poetry, fiction, and drama – contain important intellectual insights, ideological messages, and pose common contemporary questions about the changing interpretations of concepts such as socialism and democracy, and their divergent interpretations. A significant focus in a number of texts is the clash between the individual right to freedom and justice on the one hand, and collective identity on the other. Some of the authors such as Karel Čapek, Vladislav Vančura, and František Halas are well-known to Bulgarian readers, but others are almost or completely unknown – Gustav Winter, Emanuel Vajtauer, Otokar Fišer, Milena Jesenská.

Рецензия на монографиs: Петкова-Калева Стефка. Концептът „празнота‟ в езиковото съзнание (върху материал от българския и руския език)

Author(s): Tatyana Chalakova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Приближаването в пространството в руската и българската езикова картина на света

Author(s): Stefka Petkova-Kaleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

The article is part of author‘s large study, dedicated to the linguistic presentation of the concept of ‗emptiness‘ in the Bulgarian and Russian linguoculture. The semantic components of the situation `approach` are considered as a dynamic conceptual model of distance, as well as the specifics of the verbal forms in the Bulgarian and Russian languages, presenting the situation of approach in its semantic structure. Particular emphasis is placed on the interlingual asymmetry between the elements of the two language systems and their internal semantic distribution.

Метафорические модели в сфере информационных технологий

Author(s): Diyana Nikolova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

The article deals with the nuclear term of computer terminology computer, which is an anthropomorphic metaphor created on Eglish-American soil. Metaphorical transfer is one of the main methods of nomination and reflects the connection between cultural processes and language changes. The universal nature of this way of forming new concepts in the IT sphere and demonstration of its functioning as a mechanism of cognition, interaction of languages, consciousness and national-cultural specificity is reflected in conceptual metaphors computer-machine, computer-man, computer-mirror world.

Сленгизмы как средство выражения оценки в газетной публицистике

Author(s): Silvia Petkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

The paper discusses the role of the common slang nouns as devices for realization of evaluation strategies in contemporary Russian mass-media discourse. A distinction is made between slang nouns which express general evaluation and those which express specific evaluation based on a particular quality of the object. A contextual analysis of a group of slang words that give negative evaluation to people, events and actions according to the criteria referring to the norms of ethics is carried out.

Экспрессивный потенциал фразеологизмов в современных медиатекстах

Author(s): Elena Radenkova / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2019

The article discusses the role of phraseological units in modern media texts and the realization of their expressive potential. Analysis of headings with a phraseological unit in their structure is carried out in order to investigate the creation of language expression in the media discourse.