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A Brief View over American Most Prominent Abolitionist Newspapers and Writings during the Mid XIX Century (1820-1850’s)

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A Brief View over American Most Prominent Abolitionist Newspapers and Writings during the Mid XIX Century (1820-1850’s)

Author(s): Borislav Momchilov / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The main purpose of this article is to show the different aspects of abolitionist literature in United States during the mid-nineteen century. The wide historiographical view of this subject brings to the reader chance to receive accurate knowledge over this object. Over the last few decades the rhetoric over the abolitionism debate is circulating in many aspects, in a slightly range of historical researchers. Important target of this lemma is to show the main and impacting literature and newspaper writings in USA during relevant period.

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Echoes of the Infernal Machine: 1940s French and English Literature of Resistance and Collaboration as a Revolution in the Mythic Imagination

Author(s): Tadd Graham Fernée / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This article comparatively examines French and English literature based on two novels published in 1947, Malcolm Lowry’s Under the Volcano and Jean-Louis Curtis’ The Forests of Night. Both novels employ the mythic device to construct narratives on the twilight of the British Empire and the German occupied French Vichy regime, respectively, depicting experiences of resistance and collaboration on the eve of and during the Second World War. Both invent a system of symbolic imagery modelled on the Surrealist template in Jean Cocteau’s The Infernal Machine, that turns the classical mythic device still prevalent in the early 20th century (i.e. in Joyce or Eliot) upside down. The revolution in Mythic Imagination follows the Structuralist Revolution initiated by Durkheim, Saussure and Bachelard, evacuating fixed ontological architecture to portray relational interdependency without essence. These novels pursue overlapping ethical investigations, on “non-interventionism” in Lowry and “fraternity” in Curtis. The novels raise questions about the relation between colonialism and fascism and the impact of non-Western mythic universes (i.e. Hinduism) upon the Mythic Imagination. They have implications for our understanding of gender relations, as well as the value of political activism and progress.

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Milton’s Two-Handed Engine as a Conceptual Metaphor

Author(s): Robert Tindol / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

One of the longstanding mysteries of English poetry is the identification of the “two-handed engine” from John Milton’s 1638 poem “Lycidas,” with which Saint Peter threatens to “strike once, and strike no more” the clergy who have been remiss in their duties. A new way of looking at the image is to read the entire passage with George Lakoff and Mark Turner’s theory of conceptual metaphors in mind. The strength of this approach is to show that identification of the two-handed engine should be considered within the context of the entire poem. As many commentators have argued, Lycidas’s posthumous fate as the “genius of the shore” does not rest solely in the actions of Saint Peter, but instead involves a reconciliation that amalgamates elements of both Christianity and the classical world as well as nature. The conceptual metaphor thus provides a single combinatory image.

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The Ageing Poet and Death Anxiety: Art as Existential Therapy in John Pepper Clark’s Of Sleep And Old Age

Author(s): Issa Omotosho Garuba / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

Death anxiety refers to the human experience of death awareness and the accompanying inescapable disquiet it provokes. It is a phenomenon in human existence which has attracted substantial studies from existential and psychological perspectives. Noting that every individual experiences this anxiety at some point in life, largely as a result of the awareness of the inevitability of death, the manner and extent to which it is experienced vary from individuals. Meanwhile, existential reflections have described ‘death acceptance’ as the healthy route to lessening this angst. It therefore presupposes that acceptance of death (i.e. knowing that one is a being-towards-death and therefore embracing and acknowledging it) is existentially therapeutic. On this note, in studying J. P. Clark’s Of Sleep and Old Age, artistic creativity is being constructed in the study as an existential therapy against death anxiety for the poetic persona. It is premised, on the one hand, on the poet’s eloquent vision of the boredom of existence and the horror of death which characterize the atmosphere of the text. On the other, the poet’s age has been considered as a factor-agent which has bestowed on him the capacity to be conscious of an imminent death, thereby accepting it via keen reflections in his art. The study adopts two theoretical models in existential studies: (1) Monika Ardelt’s ‘Wisdom’, ‘Religiosity’ and ‘Purpose in Life’ and (2) John Sommers-Flanagan and Rita Sommers-Flanagan’s model of ‘Existential Therapy’ to assess the sway and/or centrality of death anxiety to understanding the text.

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Metadiscourse, Writer Identity and Reader Construction among Novice Arabic-Speaking ESL Writers

Author(s): Christina A. DeCoursey / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This study used qualitative analyses to explore novice ESL writers’ concepts of writers, readers and texts. Metadiscourse studies tabulate frequencies of discourse markers in order to characterise the different ways novices and experts, native-speakers and non-native speakers, construct themselves as writers, engage with their readers, and guide readers through their text. But the picture created by these descriptive statistics lacks many content areas voiced by student writers, including their reliance on visual content, and their emotions. Student writers’ experiences in a world saturated by visual media and marketing views are also factors shaping how they construct their identities as writers, the identities of their projected readers, and how they understand what they are doing when writing text. This study used content and transitivity analyses to assess how Arabic native-speaker novices understand themselves as writers, how they project their readers’ identities, and how they try to engage them. Results show that visuals are indistinct from text, and verbs of seeing are used for reader understanding, in novice writers’ sense of their texts, and how they understand engaging the reader. These novices have a demographically granular assessment of audiences, but aim to please readers with expected content rather than challenge them with academic content, and they downplay important elements of teacher talk, syllabus and second-language (L2) composition instruction, particularly data, research, structure and language.

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Difficulties in Identifying and Translating Linguistic Metaphors: A Survey and Experiment among Translation Students

Author(s): Charlene Meyers / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

A survey of twelve translation students in 2017 revealed that they tend to find translating figurative and metaphorical language difficult. In addition, an experiment also conducted in 2017 showed similar results. During the first phase of this experiment, two trained researchers coded metaphorical items in a text from the New Scientist following the Metaphor Identification Procedure Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam (MIPVU). Based on Cohen’s kappa, the researchers reached an initial coding agreement of 0.692 (strong agreement) and a final agreement score of 0.958 (almost perfect agreement) after discussion. The second phase of the experiment involved the coding of the metaphorical items previously identified by the researchers in the same text by 47 students who received a two-hour introduction to conceptual metaphor theory and a simplified method to code metaphorical items. However, the results of the students’ coding showed that they had failed to identify metaphors in 49.96% of cases. Nevertheless, a chi-squared test (p < 2.2-16) revealed that the students’ coding was not due to chance alone and therefore not arbitrary.

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Поп Груйо Тренчов и неговата поема за Априлската епопея от 1876 г.

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Поп Груйо Тренчов и неговата поема за Априлската епопея от 1876 г.

Author(s): Christo Temelski / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2015

The article reveals some moments of the life of pop Gruyo Trenchov -an ardent revolutionary who participated in The April uprising of 1876. He is author of a poem, that reflected his memories of the heroic epic.

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Съвременните технологии и тяхната роля в (чуждо)езиковото обучение през XXI век

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Съвременните технологии и тяхната роля в (чуждо)езиковото обучение през XXI век

Author(s): Georgi Dzhumayov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article is based on modern technologies and their role in (foreign) language learning in the 21st century. The main objective is to identify ways in which information and communication technologies can facilitate the process of foreign language acquisition and make it faster and more successful. Particular attention has been paid to computer-assisted language learning, internet technologies and mobile-assisted language learning, as they are essential and influential in the creation of foreign language teaching systems, the preparation of (foreign) language teachers and (foreign) language training in general.

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„Роза Преображения“ – полилог Алексея Веселовского, Вячеслава Иванова и Ваана Терьяна

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„Роза Преображения“ – полилог Алексея Веселовского, Вячеслава Иванова и Ваана Терьяна

Author(s): Suren T. Zolyan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2020

We consider peculiarities of poetic meaning creation in the processes of intertextualization and contextualization while analysing a unique case of a polylogue between an academic scholar (A.N. Veselovsky) and poets belonging to different languages and cultures (Vyach. Ivanov, V. Teryan). Veselovsky’s article “From the poetics of a Rose” became a source for Ivanov’s poem “The Rose of Transfiguration”, then it became the basis for the sonnet of V. Teryan. We demonstrate that intertextuality is a complex and non-linear interaction between texts and meanings. The archetypal semantics of the rose and the motives of flame, blood, and also death and resurrection associated with it are contextualized in relation to the Christian holiday, personal myth-making, the tragic events of the Armenian Genocide in the Ottoman Empire. The mythopoetic semantics of the symbol synthesizes various cultures and poetic traditions, creating opportunities for multidimensional semantization and partial translatability of different “texts-echoes”. Expressing new content in different contexts, semantics is based on the same symbols; this leads to a cascade-like actualization of their potential, especially when considering texts connected by intertextual relations in their integrity - as a kind of super-text.

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Руският куртоазен маниеризъм – авангарден блясък в постмодернистки контекст

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Руският куртоазен маниеризъм – авангарден блясък в постмодернистки контекст

Author(s): Magdalena Kostova-Panayotova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The article studies a phenomenon from the end of XX century in Russian poetry, which is distinguished by its own philosophy and the impulse to revive the refined vocabulary in Russian literature; to bring back to life the cult of beauty, personal life and pleasure, as opposed to the collectivist messages of the Soviet era and the cold breath of the totalitarian winter. The outward manifestations of the works of courtesy poets – the quotient polyphony, the travesties and mystifications, the sarcastic game of their poems – are very reminiscent of postmodern deconstruction. In our view, however, considering its ambition, message, and impulse, this phenomenon is a late avant-garde, realizing its aspirations in a postmodern interior. One of the most characteristic features of the late avant-garde, as well as the avant-garde of the 10s of the XX century, is the rebellious attitude of the spirit, the search for new horizons of meaning. The already known and established is rejected. The skepticism of this art is related to distrust of the adopted measures and categories, hence the negation of the laws, the affirmation of creative improvisation, of the work born in the act of reading. The claim of significance of the word in relation to the fate of culture and art is also preserved.

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Чуждоезикова сугестопедия в училище

Author(s): Galya Mateva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2020

The present article focuses on the long standing experimental work of suggestopedia in the area of foreign language teaching at school. It surveys the speciﬁc ways of structuring the teaching materials and teaching process for different age groups (ﬁrst to seventh grade of the Bulgarian school) in compliance with the principles and methods of suggestopedia. It reveals the original character of the main application areas of school suggestopedia related to integrated language and subject teaching (grade one), accelerated formation of initial reading skills in L2 (grade two), the introduction of concert sessions and subsequent activities for children (grades two to seven), the global-artistic approach aimed at developing cultural and communicative competence of learners (grades VI – VII). The experience of the classical period tests its validity against some recent developments of ELT school suggestopedia.

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Peut-on vivre sans noblesse ? Le problème du « réalisme » dans le roman des XIXe-XXe siècles

Author(s): Kalin Mikhailov / Language(s): English,Bulgarian,French Issue: 1/2020

In the Western European novel, the death of the nobleness of the soul brings to life the “social realism” characteristic of Balzac’s work. This change is signified by the transformation of the novel’s protagonist from a moral into a social individual (S. Hadzhikosev). Later, this development will logically progress into the ascension of the antihero and conclude with the “cynical realism” (“réalisme cynique”), preached by authors like Frédéric Beigbeder. Reflecting on several major novels written in the 19th and 20th centuries, this article strives to answer the principal question of whether the novelist could take another realistic path, and tries to imagine what this path would look like.

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За книгата: Мария Букур. Пол и модернизъм. Историческо преосмисляне на канона. 2020.

Author(s): Roumiana L. Stantcheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

Book review: Maria Bucur. Gendering Modernism. A Historical Reappraising of the Canon.

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Reading Comprehension – a Problem for the Pedagogical Students

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Reading Comprehension – a Problem for the Pedagogical Students

Author(s): Tanya Borisova / Language(s): English Issue: 5/2020

The article raises the question of the reading literacy of the pedagogical students, future teachers in the initial stage of the primary-school education. It is a natural continuation of a study on the reading literacy of mature students who have crossed the threshold of the higher school. The skills to read and interpret scientific texts related to the work of the future teacher are discussed. Their skills for tabular presentation of text information, as well as the skills for its interpretation according to the PISA levels are also studied. Correlations are sought at the high levels of understanding related to the analysis and subsequent reflection on a given text.

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Граматически игри, Синтактичната игра Питанките на МеСиЗа: създаване и хоризонти на очакване

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Граматически игри, Синтактичната игра Питанките на МеСиЗа: създаване и хоризонти на очакване

Author(s): Petya Barkalova,Iva Nedeleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The paper presents an attempt to gamify the process of teaching Bulgarian syntax. It is based on a university course in Modern Bulgarian Syntax for the philological and educational programs in the Department of Philology at the University of Plovdiv. The theoretical model of the sentence follows the rules of the phrase structure. The main principle of language analysis, which is presented as a game, is focused on the sentence structure in Bulgarian. The skills for presenting structural graphic representations are being developed. The function of words as parts of the sentence are presented through syntactic projections which are being configured by the students and this develops their critical thinking. The authors provide students with a completely new educational tool by creating the pilot version of 'The MeSiZa's Questions' /grammar game for Meta Language Symbolic Representation/. Scientifically, the implications belong to the e-Science paradigm. The authors offer a further collaboration and partnership to the teachers in Bulgarian language to apply this innovative approach, i.e the use of grammar games, into school teaching practice.

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Framing the Identity of an Ideal Primary School Teacher of English

Author(s): Oleksandr Kapranov / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The article presents a study that aimed to examine how primary school teachers of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher. The specific research aim was to identify and classify frames associated with the identity of an EFL primary school teacher in the corpus of reflective essays of approximately 1000 words about an ideal EFL teacher in Norwegian primary school contexts written by 32 Norwegian in-service primary school EFL teachers. It was hypothesised that the participants’ framing would be reflective of the identity of an ideal EFL teacher in Norway. The corpus of the participants’ essays was analysed in accordance with the framing methodology developed by Entman (1993) and Dahl (2015). The results of the framing analysis indicated that the participants in the study framed the identity of an ideal EFL teacher via frames associated with future ideal selves, ought-to selves, the identity of their former EFL teachers, and the identity of an ideal EFL teacher as a fictional character. The study implications would be beneficial to pre-service and current in-service EFL teachers and teacher-trainers alike, who could treat the results as a collective “portrait” of an ideal EFL teacher.

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A Lost Lady: A Narrative of Manifest Destiny and Neocolonialism

Author(s): Ammar Aqeeli / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

The greatly examined story of A Lost Lady usually depicts Mrs. Forrester’s success in meeting and adapting to the challenges of a changing world, a world characterized by materialism and self-fulfilment. However, the overlooked story, one far more disturbing than the privileged story in the text, is the narrative of oppressed groups of people of other races and the lower class. Drawing on some aspects of postcolonial theory, this paper explores Willa Cather’s own reactions to real changes in her society, to the waning power of imperialism, and of her nostalgic longing for the western prairies of her youth, without showing any sympathy for the dispossessed Native Americans and other oppressed races. It will also disclose the unmistakable colonial overtones, which remarkably resonate with the common discourse of “Manifest Destiny” during the time period of American expansion to the Wild West.

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The Politics and Aesthetics of Storytelling in Diana Abu-Jaber’s Crescent: A Strategic Implementation of an Old Folkloric Arab Tradition

Author(s): Ishak Berrebbah / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper discusses the politics and multi-functionality of storytelling in Diana Abu-Jaber’s novel Crescent (2003). I argue that the strategic use of storytelling places Crescent as a complex hybrid text that projects the nature, and development, of Arab American literature in the contemporary era. In addition to having the practice of storytelling as an apparatus to project identity in Crescent, Abu-Jaber reappropriates its empowered status in Arab culture as well as politicizes its image in the mind of her readers. Besides employing critical and analytical approaches to the novel, this paper relies on arguments and perspectives of prominent postcolonial and literary critics and theorists such as Edward Said, Suzanne Keen, Walter Benjamin, and Samaya Sami Sabry, to name a few.

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К проблеме формирования риторической культуры преподавателя высшей школы

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К проблеме формирования риторической культуры преподавателя высшей школы

Author(s): Liudmila Luneva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The teacher has a special role in the development and improvement of speech culture in the society. The teacher’s word as his main instrument must be the model of verbal intelligence, the model of high speech culture. This article deals with the typical lecturer’s speech errors and investigates means to avoid errors during the specialized course in the system of professional development.This article presents analysis and monitoring of speech etiquette of teachers of different subjects, highlights experience of how to refer to spell books and various dictionaries and introduces different ways of improving communicative activity through the system of professional development at Samara State Transport University.

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Фраземы с колоративным компонентом в методике преподавания русского языка как иностранного

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Фраземы с колоративным компонентом в методике преподавания русского языка как иностранного

Author(s): Nadya Cherneva,Boryana Tencheva / Language(s): Russian Issue: 4/2020

The article is devoted to the Russian phrasemes with a colorative component as a means of forming linguo-cultural competence and developing emotional intelligence during the process of teaching Russian as a foreign language. The phraseological units as a linguistic and cultural sign always evoke strong interest among linguists and also the neophrasemes further enrich the lexico-phraseological system and conceptualize reality through emotional images. The main focus of the research includes analysis of the expressional and emotional characteristics of the phrasemes mentioned above. The article is interdisciplinary: it reveals a structural-semantic typology, as well as a system of exercises that can be involved in the teaching process when developing the listening, reading, writing and speaking on level B1-B2 in accordance with the Common European Framework of Reference for Languages.

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