A sors és a Sorstalanság történetiségéhez
The authoir examines Imre Kertész Nobel Prize-winner novel from the point of view of the history of ideas.
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The authoir examines Imre Kertész Nobel Prize-winner novel from the point of view of the history of ideas.
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The study demonstrates, with the example of the different editions of Gyula Krúdy's novels, that the main rule of the text edition, the principle of ultima manus is inapplicable in some cases.
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The usage of total versus partial object in the oral and written Estonian of native Russian learners of Estonian as a second language is analysed, considering the syntactic markedness of Estonian object cases. Of the three Estonian object cases (partitive, genitive and nominative) the partitive is regarded as unmarked syntactically, unlike the genitive and nominative cases, which are marked in that respect. Analysis of empirical material (taken from free – oral and written – usage of L2 speakers, as well as from test responses) shows that most frequently the native Russian learners of Estonian have problems with idiomatic usage of the syntactically marked object, i.e. the one in the genitive or nominative case. Notably, the correlation between the aspect of the Russian verb and the case of the Estonian object, described in comparative grammars, according to which in most cases the respective equivalents of the Russian perfective and imperfective aspects are the Estonian total and partitive objects, is not particularly relevant in the object usage of native Russian learners of Estonian, while their frequent use of a partitive object in contexts requiring a total one could well be accounted for by the syntactical unmarkedness of the partitive form.
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Syncretism and the overlapping of morphologically distinct units or entire categories have different influence on morphologically complex and less complex forms. In principle, both syncretism and polysemy corrupt the ideal distribution of morphological units and the balance between form and function. However, compared to polysemy, the influence of syncretism is more dramatic because it decreases the efficiency and grammatical applicability of individual forms, whereas polysemy extends the functional capacity of inflectional categories. In Veps, there is relatively little syncretism in synchronic case paradigms. Both noun and verb inflection are based on regular suffixal morphology. Unlike in the southern Finnic languages, such as Vote, Estonian and Livonian, syncretism does not influence the most frequent case categories in Veps. There are certain lexical types that display morphonological alternation but there are no inflectional categories that would be distinguished by means of flexive morphology and stem alternation. However, in certain cases syncretism extends beyond those categories that are predictable as there are some examples of accidental inflectional homonymy between the partitive singular and nominative plural. More generally speaking, the historical development of the Veps local case system is strongly affected by syncretism. This article focuses on syncretism in the western varieties of Central Veps, which are slightly different from the other local varieties of the given language area. Those categories that are affected by syncretism will be examined in the light of paradigmatic overlapping and syntactic compensation. The assessment of syncretism from a functional perspective is based on the assumption that paradigmatic identity between distinct categories is not always realized at a syntactic level.
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Review on: Estonian in typological perspective, [Berlin] (Sprachtypologie und Universalienforschung (STUF). Language Typlogy and Universals. Volume 62. Issue 1/2)
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This article presents an acoustic-phonetic study of Veps word prosody. The results are analysed from the point of view of their role in the manifestation of the Veps prosodic structure. This paper deals with the role of quantity in Central Veps. It focuses on the quantity of vowels. Traditionally, in North Veps the vowels u and i are long in the stressed syllable, while in Central and South Veps they are shortened (e.g sur' ’big’, hir' ’mouse’). The main issue raised in the paper deals with the durations of vowels in Central Veps. The results show that in monosyllabic words the duration of the vowels is longer than in the first syllable of polysyllabic words.
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This article discusses the Veps indefinite pronouns and corresponding pro-forms in the spirit of linguistic typology. It aims at an overview of the semantics of the Veps indefinite pronouns in the light of the semantic map methodology. The implicational map model outlined by Haspelmath (1997) is applied to describe the functions and mutual relationship between Veps indefinite pronoun series. The current paper demonstrates that, on the other hand, the given method can be succesfully applied to Veps and, on the other hand, it helps in the description of a subtle semantic system. The distributional schema sketched in this work provides an illustrative picture of the semantic properties of the Veps indefinite pronouns and facilitates cross-linguistic comparison between Veps and other languages.
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This article examines the structure, use and semantics of frequentative and momentative verbal derivation in Veps. The study is based on a corpus of context-embedded derivatives collected firstly from early twentieth century texts and secondly from spoken and written present day Veps. Veps derivation is compared to Finnish and Estonian and to a lesser extent to Karelian. Finnic verb derivatives are basically transparent and mutually understandable but they are used in different contexts and their degree of productivity varies. In present-day Veps frequentative derivatives are commonly used in those syntactic contexts in which their Finnish and Estonian cognates could not be used. Variation in both frequentative and momentative suffixes has diminished, and only the shortest suffixes -(e)le and -(a)hta are productive.
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Review on: Rogier Blokland, The Russian Loanwords in Literary Estonian, Wiesbaden 2009 (Veröffentlichungen der Societas Uralo-Altaica. Bd. 78)
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Karely po obe storony granitsy: Seminar «Tshto sohranit Kareliju?» v Joensuu [Seminar "What can preserve Karelia?"]
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Polish sixteenth-century translations of The Bible are analyzed as an example of a Renaissance printed devotional book, where, due to the demand of the mass recipient, certain elements of modern humanistic biblistics (obviously simplified) were introduced. The article includes a review of front pages, introductions and selected fragments of the Eight Blessings from the Gospel of St. Matthew excerpted from selected 16th-century translations of the New Testament, representing various beliefs (including editions from 1551, 1556, 1561, 1663, 1570, 1572, 1577, 1593, 1599). Differences between Catholic, Protestant and Aryan translations result from their confessional conditions, the translators' mutual inspirations, their relations to the medieval Psalter-Biblical character as well as from the attitude of the translators, Jakub Wujek in particular, to the achievements of the Renaissance (non-Catholic) biblistics. The article draws attention to such phenomena as: popularization of the Polish translations of The Bible, as well as the special meta-language in the previous Latin version, associated with translation and comments on The Bible, including gradual semantic repartition of such notions as: wykład (lecture), przekład (translation) and disappearance of dokład (contribution). On the front pages there are clichés informing about the type of translation; they refer to humanistic philological translations or to the decree sacrosancta. In the structure of translation itself, differences due t various origins (Greek or Latin) manifest in another layout of the translated text. The fewest differences concern the linguistic layer of the translation of Gospel, which confirms the existence of certain patterns in Old Polish which constitute the so-called Polish biblical style.
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Working on The Street of Crocodiles by Bruno Schulz, a translator should realize the uniqueness of the author's linguistic tricks. The article is focused on one of his techniques of visualization - making a lexical metaphor understood directly within a visualization. Based on comparative analysis of three translations of The Street of Crocodiles into Spanish, we attempt to answer the question whether translators realize the author's special "game" and if they adjust their translatoric strategies to it. Key words: lexical metaphor, literary translation, Bruno Schulz, Spanish.
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In the article, there is an analysis of multi-equivalence understood as translation of one word into several various equivalents, caused by ambiguity of the initial lexeme. Its aim is to answer the question about the reasons and semantic consequences of multi-equivalence in a literary text translation. The research has been based on the analysis of the noun CMPAHA and its Polish equivalents, used by the Polish 19th-century translator Marcin Szymanowski, in the translation of the Russian short story by W. Odojewski The City with No Name.
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The article presents the history of Polish translatory studies, which consists of several phases in time. In the Old Polish period, the principle of word by word translation was predominant, particularly in reference to sacral texts. Renaissance worked out the concepts of adaptation and free translations. The Classicistic theory of translation in the period of Enlightenment broadened the capacity of translated texts and introduced new translation techniques. The literature of the 20 Years Between the Wars considered artistic translation as part of high literature. The last 50 years have shaped translator studies as a new linguistic discipline within applied linguistics.
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The article consists of five parts. Part I includes general characteristics of winged words excerpted from didactic books of The Old Testament; part II compares winged words in Jakub Wujeks and in ecumenical translation. Part III informs about the crucial Catholic translations of the Bible; part IV presents in a tabular way lexical equivalence in ecumenical and Catholic translations of the Bible. Part V offers conclusions of the comparatistic analysis (fragments) of selected winged words.
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