DESCOPERIRI CELTICE ÎN COLECTIA MUZEULUI DIN TÂRNAVENI

Author(s): Sandor Berecki / Language(s): English Issue: -/2009

În colectia Muzeului din Târnaveni se regasesc si câteva obiecte, în special vase ceramice din cea de a doua epoca a fierului, specifice celtilor. Aceste vase apartin unor morminte celtice descoperite accidental la Adamus, Deleni si Lunca Târnavei, morminte izolate sau componente ale unei necropole necercetate pâna în prezent. Datele referitoare la aceste obiecte sunt incomplete, nu se cunosc descoperitorii, data si circumstantele descoperirii. În lipsa inventarului funerar metalic, nu se poate propune o datare relativ exacta pentru aceste artefacte, care provin dintr-o regiune cu importante descoperiri celtice, analogiile din cimitirul de la Piscolt indicând ultimele doua orizonturi celtice, datate în secolele III-II a. Chr.

UN FRAGMENT CERAMIC INCIZAT CU CIFRE DESCOPERIT ÎN COLONIA AURELIA APULENSIS

Author(s): Anca Timofan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

A potsherd incised with Roman numbers was discovered during the rescue archaeological excavation carried out in the south part of the Colonia Aurelia Apulensis (Digului Street, Partos district, Alba Iulia), in October 2008. The archaeological context of the discovery places the object inside the Roman habitation (probably insula type) dated from the IIIrd century A. D. Typologicaly, the fragment belongs to a Roman bowl (orange fine fabric, brick-red slip, oxidizing firing ), with semispherical body and with a rounded rim, inclined inwards (24 cm in diameter). The incision of the numbers was made before the firing process. The piece could be considered an instrumentum domesticum. The roman numbers represented on the potsherd, are organized on four columns, with the following dimensions and characteristics: first column is preserved over a height of 1,5 cm, with illegible numbers; both the second and the third column have a height of 4,5 cm and contain the Roman numbers from C (100) to CVII (107), respectively from I (1) to VIII (8). The last column has 2,5 cm in height with the numbers XX (20), XXX (30), XXXX (40) and L (50). Rows are marked with small horizontal incised lines (aprox. 1 cm in lenght). The increasing representation of the numeral groups reflects, beyond all doubt, a writing exercise illustrating at the same time the attempt to acquire certain fundamental notions and instruments.

CERCETARI ARHEOLOGICE LA BALSA SI MADA (JUD. HUNEDOARA) SI CÂTEVA OBSERVATII PRIVIND NECROPOLELE TUMULARE DIN MUNTII APUSENI

Author(s): Cristian Ioan Popa,Rişcuţa Nicolae C.,Iosif Ferencz V. / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

This paper presents the results of some archaeological researches carried out on the border between Mada and Balsa localities (Hunedoara County) between 1999-2001. On this occasion there were investigated integrally two funerary tumuli from the Bronze period which are the object of this study. 1. Balsa-Dumbraita. The first tumulus (T 1/1999) was identified on a long crest, in Balsa-Dumbraita and had an oval shape, with reduced dimensions, of 5x4x0,60 m. There was noticed the fact that the upper part (the mantle) was formed from one row of stones, laid directly over burials (Fig. 3/1). After stones had been disassembled four graves were unearthed (M 1 - M 4) aligned on a row, three of them having skeletons in crouched position (Fig. 3/2). M 1 belonged to a child and was placed at the head of a double grave (M 2) formed from two skeletons of two mature individuals. The graves were deprived of inventory; a silex chip was discovered only in the area of the feet from the double grave. M 4 was placed marginally and belonged to an adult placed in crouched position on the left side, with hands brought towards the chest. The fragment of a handle of a vessel decorated with lines of lobes, specific of the second phase from the evolution of Cotofeni culture was discovered in the upper part of the tumulus. It probably comes from Cotofeni settlement which was situated nearby, in Piatra Suncuiusului.

UN POSIBIL PRODUCATOR DE OPAITE DIN MOESIA INFERIOR

Author(s): Liana Oţa / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

The author believes that the letters I or , on the base of some lamps found in Moesia Inferior, represent the abbreviation of a producers' name. A number of 76 lamps are assigned to this producer, taking into account the ornaments on the discus and on the shoulders of the lamps.

PICTURA ROMANA SI TEATRUL: IFIGENIA ÎN TAURIDA

Author(s): Radu Ciobanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

Une variante développée de cette étude a été presentée au IXème Colloque International de l’Association pour la Peinture Ancienne de Zaragosse (Espagne) en 2004 et vient d’être publiée dans les Actes.

DIE ERSTE DAMPFMASCHINE IN SIEBENBÜRGEN (ZLATNA) UND IHRE TYPOLOGISCHEN VORLÄUFER

Author(s): Volker Wollmann / Language(s): German Issue: -/2009

Este meritul istoricului clujean Alexandru Neamtu (1918-1995) de a fi depistat in Arhiva Tezaurariatului Minier din Cluj un lot însemnat de documente care au ca subiect tratativele dintre Tezaurariatul Minier al Transilvaniei, Administratia Uzinei Metalurgice din Zlatna („Berg- und Hütten Herrschaftsadministration”) si Camera Aulica din Viena pentru achizitionarea unei masini cu aburi la o firma austriaca si punerea ei în functiune la topitoria de argint din Zlatna. Tratativele cu firma Punshon & Fletcher din Viena au început la sfârsitul anului 1836, iar la 15 octombrie 1838 a intrat în functiune prima masina cu aburi nu numai din Transilvania, ci de pe actualul teritoriu al României. Introducerea relativ târzie a masinii cu aburi în Transilvania pentru nevoile mineritului si ale metalurgiei, în comparatie cu alte provincii ereditare din cadrul Imperiului austriac are mai multe explicatii. Una ar fi perfectiunea la care a ajuns tehnica prelucrarii lemnului în „lumea motilor” din Muntii Apuseni, ca dovada ca s-au evidentiat deja în veacul al XVIII-lea o serie de inovatori pentru masini perfectionate de extractie si de prelucrarea minereului aurifer. Asadar, nu trebuie sa ne surprinda faptul ca „baiesii” din Muntii Metaliferi au beneficiat de randamentul pe care l-au dat steampurile – productie proprie – pâna la nationalizarea mineritului în anul 1948. O alta explicatie este introducerea întârziata a pompelor cu coloana de apa („Wassersäulenkünste”), care s-au folosit înca multa vreme paralel cu masinile cu aburi, fiind înlocuite în unele cazuri direct cu energia electrica.

UN SCEPTRU DE CORN DIN ASEZAREA DIN PRIMA VÂRSTA A FIERULUI DE LA ALBA IULIA – „DEALUL FURCILOR-MONOLIT”

Author(s): Raluca Gheorghiu,Ilie Lascu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

Following the rescue archaeological researches carried out in Alba Iulia „Dealul Furcilor- Monolit”, a settlement from the first age of Iron was discovered in 2006, a horn sceptre being discovered in a pit from Sp06/2006 excavation area. The piece is made of horn, most probably deer, having a well polished and plain surface. The central area is fitted with a circular orifice for fastening of the wooden hilt. The sceptre was discovered in the pit, which may be interpreted as a ritual pit. From the first age of Iron it is known a horn sceptre from the fortified settlement from Teleac but this is decoarated. In Greek mythology the sceptre is the emblem of both gods and kings, it being noticed as attribute of: Zeus, Hera, Hefaistos, Demetra, Hades, Heracle, Aphrodite, etc. Horn sceptres and those of stone were interpreted as signs of power held by the small heads of local aristocracy, this type of pieces being taken as symbols of local aristocracy, evidences of social stratification, the sceptre being, probably, the attribute of the upper class.

CU PRIVIRE LA PREZENTA UNEI VEXILATII A LEGIUNII A VII-A GEMINA ÎN DACIA

Author(s): Doina Benea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: -/2009

The present paper analyses all the epigraphical information referring to the presence of a vexillation of the Legion VII Gemina in Dacia Porolissensis (Porolissum, Potaissa). We advance the hypothesis that the unit was sent to Dacia as a punishment for participating at the usurpation ofClodius Albinus in 196/197. Somehow, the stationing in Dacia was for a short period of time, before receiving the epithet Pia, sometimes between 202-205.

Самодейни народнн хорове и ансамбли

Author(s): Nikolay Kaufman / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/1986

Archäologische Belege für die mittelalterlichen Städte verschiedener Gebiete

Author(s): I. Gheorghe Cantacuzino,Zeno Karl Pinter,Stela Cheptea,Mircea D. Matei,Oana Damian / Language(s): German Issue: 1+2/2005

Repere arheologice privind oraşele medievale ale diferitelor zone

Author(s): I. Gheorghe Cantacuzino,Zeno Karl Pinter,Stela Cheptea,Mircea D. Matei,Oana Damian / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 1+2/2005

JEAN LECLANT (1920-2011)

Author(s): Charles Guittard / Language(s): French Issue: 01+04/2012

JEAN LECLANT EST DECEDE le 16 septembre 2011. Ses funérailles
ont
été
célébrées, avec tous les honneurs, le 23 septembre, en l’Eglise Saint-Germain-des-Prés: l’homélie fut prononcée par Jean-Robert Armogathe, aumônier de l’Ecole normale supérieure, qui lui a rendu hommage en évoquant sa riche personnalité.

Sondażowe badania georadarowe na terenie i wokół kościoła śś. Stanisława i Małgorzaty w Janowcu (2011)

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2012

Geophysics as an aid in funerary site interpretation

Author(s): Dan Ştefan / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

Recent decades’ advance in near-surface geophysics has allowed greater efficiency and accuracy in collecting geophysical data. While concerns for the discovery of new features and vestiges remain predominant, archaeological sites’ reconstruction has received less attention. The present paper describes hereinafter, some of the ways in which geophysics can be applied in order to provide valuable elements in the complicated process of the funerary sites’ reconstruction. We will use in our attempt the case of Telita - Celic Dere, an Iron Age Necropolis, located in the Northern part of Dobruja (Romania).

The city of Apollonia Pontica and its necropoleis

Author(s): Lyubava Konova / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

This issue offers an attempt at exploration of several problems concerning the foundation of the city of Apollonia Pontica, the development of its chora and the localization, the chronological and territorial variations of the ancient necropolis (necropoleis). The question under discussion is examined in a relation to the city planning, its topography and the social, political, ideological and demographic factors which determine the territorial and structural changes of the grave plots in the course of the late 7th h - 2nd centuries B.C.

Embracement of the dead in the liveliest city of classical Greece. The evidence from the late classical cemetery of Ayios Dionysios in Piraeus

Author(s): Evangelos Kroustalis,Aris Tsaravopoulos / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

This paper is divided into two sections. The point of the first section is that the ancient Greeks used to put their graves outside the city gates, arranged alongside roads, on the face of the belief that the dead’ s memory would be spread in space through the passersby. In the second section it is argued that funerary periboloi, a type of massive burial monument that flourished in Attica in the 4th c. BC, have functioned as a vehicle of promoting the social status during the passage of the Athenian society from the collective consciousness of the Classical times to the individualism of the Hellenistic times. With reference to the recently excavated (2007-2008) cemetery of Ayios Dionysios in Piraeus we have tried to explore some ways in which these monuments served this function.

Early celtic rich graves in Bohemia: parallels to aristocracie with the geti and thracians and eastern impact in the rise of the early La Tene art

Author(s): Jan Bouzek / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

Some recent authors, especially Vincent Megaw, started to deny any eastern trajectory in the Early La Tène style, though already Paul Jacobsthal saw indisputable eastern elements there, especially as concerns the trousers, the torques and the field of horse trappings. I tried to add the motif of tête coupé, well-known also from Thrace, the stylisation of animals and the general resemblance in transferring Greek models into the ornamental idioms. Finds of eastern imports in Bohemia and Moravia, probably connected with Scythian raids in these areas, together with the rejection of fully realistic representations of the Greeks, are among the reasons to reconsider this old question. The new finds from SW Slovakia including figurine of a Sphinx have shown that the Early La Tène art existed even in the NW part of the Carpathian cauldron and a number of parallels between Early Celtic, Thracian and Scythian art seems to suggest that the all three artistic provinces had much in common in their general attitude towards sensual reality and in the art of trajectory of Greek models into their own artistic idioms.

The enviroment and landscape of the celtic settlements and cemetiries from Transylvania

Author(s): Berecki Sandor / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

According to the present state of research, the majority of the scholars concluded that the settling of the Celtic communities in the eastern parts of the Carpathian Basin took place in the last third of the 4th century B.C., soon after 335 B.C. The habitat of these communities, organized around the social class of a military aristocracy is characterised by a pronounced rural aspect. The archaeological research from the settlements indicates a society with an economy based on agriculture, cereal and green goods’ culture, domestic industry and animal husbandry.

Habitation structures and funerary discoveries in the Buzau sub-Carpathians area, in the 8th-3rd centuries BC

Author(s): Sebastian Matei / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

The geographical space considered in this study represents an important component in the morphology of the Curved Carpathians’ area, being the shortest connection between the Lower Danube plains and Transylvania. This individual geographic context resulted in the end, in shaping an exceptionally culturally dynamic region. For the period beginning with the 8th century BC, certain Basarabi finds were discovered in the sites of Berca, Cârlomăneti and Pietrosu, indicating a short time habitation. Not far from these sites, at Izvorul Dulce, an incineration grave dated around 700 BC was discovered. For the 6th-5th centuries BC period, both the funerary discoveries and settlements increase in number. We mention 4 graves: Năeni – Colarea, Năeni – Zănoaga, Valea Viei and Gherăseni. One may notice as an exceptional find, the funerary inventory of the Năeni-Colarea grave, containing 3 wheel-made ceramic vessels (lekanae, bowl and mug) and an iron sword (akinakes type). This grave was found in the vicinity of a contemporaneous fortified settlement, site which hasn’t yet been excavated. Likewise, not far from the Valea Viei grave, two settlements dated in the 6th-5th centuries BC, at Sibiciu de Sus and Mlăjet were archaeologically documented. In the 4th-3rd centuries BC the number of known and researched settlements grows noticeably. However, we do not have yet, a single contemporaneous funerary discovery. This situation is the result of the present state of research, as necropolises must have existed in the nearby of the important settlements from Oratia, Petrioru or Pietroasa Mică. From the 2nd century BC the number of settlements grows significantly, being accompanied after the 2nd century AD by funerary discoveries. The demographic decrease in the Curved Area of the Carpathians’ during the 12th -2nd centuries BC, considered in contrast with the younger and latter periods, cannot be, by no means, justified as a result of the lack of archaeological research, but more probably due to a series of cultural and habitation changes.

Pratiques rituelles dans les necropoles et dans les etablissements geto-daces a l'est des Carpates

Author(s): Silvia Teodor / Language(s): English Issue: 14/2009

Dès la fin du premier âge du Fer, la population thraco – gétique de l’est des Carpates pratiquait le rite de l’incinération et l’inhumation, autant dans des nécropoles planes que dans celles tumulaires. On peut prendre pour nécropoles les zones à plusieurs tumuli dans la proximité des habitats ouverts ou fortifiés, mais des groupes de plusieurs tertres se trouvaient le plus souvent isolés. On connaît bien les recherches sur ces habitats, situés au nord de cette région, plus précisément à Bosanci, à Volovăţ, à Cucuteni, etc. et qui sont représentatifs pur le début de la civilisation gétique; il en est de même pour les nécropoles tumulaires dans la proximité des Cetăţui (Citadelles), sur la terrasse gauche du Siret, notamment celles de Poïana, Brad et Răcătău, datant de la période classique de la civilisation dacique, et que l’on a fouillées systématiquement (voir le répertoire).