Българистиката в Украйна: Центърът по българистика в Мелитопол

Author(s): Krasimira Koleva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Melitopol is a university town, a scientific, educational and methodical center for Bulgarian studies in the North Azov Sea region, where the Tavrian Bulgarians live compactly. The Bogdan Khmelnitski university Center for Bulgarian Studies was created 12 years ago after the establishment of the Sector in Bulgarian language, literature and culture. The educational, scientific and cultural activities of the Center for Bulgarian studies are closely related to the unique multiethnic diversity of the city, in which the Bulgarian community is third in number. The educational policy in Ukraine is dynamic and the Bulgarian experience is important.

Traumas of Roots and Extinction in the 20th Century Literature of Empire: The Mirror Principle in Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle (1964-71) and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi (1940)

Author(s): Tadd Graham Fernée / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This article comparatively analyses Marguerite Duras’ India Cycle and Ahmed Ali’s Twilight in Delhi. A Mirror Principle centres on ‘emptiness’, synthesising elements of Marxism and Buddhism. A new optic is created for understanding 1930s Indian nationalism, including Dalit and national leader Ambedkar, Tagorian “composite culture”, Mohammed Iqbal, and Islam and gender in northern India. The Mirror Principle juxtaposes Heideggerian ‘repetition’ and Marxian ‘dialectics’ as divergent anti-colonial paths. Duras and A li a re l inked b y a c ommon P roustian p roblematic o f m emory a nd e phemerality. They revolutionize the Proustian tradition to create a new literary genre in oneiric socialism. The article analyses trauma, in the French Resistance and the 1857 rebellion, and literary reconstructions of traditional roots in their wake, with differing nation-making ramifications.

The 23rd Language: Official EU Status for Irish as Portrayed in the Republic of Ireland's English-Language Press

Author(s): Antony Hoyte-West / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

Irish became the 23rd official language of the European Union ( EU) i n 2 007. Due to a lack of qualified translators and interpreters, it is currently subject to a derogation which restricts its use in the EU institutions, a situation which aims to be remedied by 2022. Yet the Irish language represents a unique case even within the Republic of Ireland itself. Under British rule, centuries of repression confined its usage to he rural fringes of society, a state of a ffairs that an independent Ireland has attempted to improve with limited success. This article analyses how recognition of official EU status for Irish has been depicted in the Republic of Ireland’s English-language print media. By performing a qualitative content analysis of the online archives of the country’s three major English-language newspapers, the aim is to illustrate how official EU status for Irish has been portrayed, paying specific attention to political, cultural and economic factors.

Забраненият смях

Author(s): Bogdan Dichev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The text presents the ideas about the uselessness of the political correctness as a social act and analyses the comic mechanisms of several types of politically incorrect jokes. The author argues that laughter in this short contemporary folk form could quite often be happy, constructive and good-willed as far as the minority joke characters are concerned as representatives of differing and presumably oppressed communities. Several examples certifying for the semantic reflections of self-irony, overcoming of pain, re-ordering of the well-known world and mutation of the already known, turning the otherwise insulting meanings and plots into sincere and lively laughter. Finally, the author deals with the dilemma if the politically incorrect jokes should give way to silencing.

„Chleba naszego potrzebnego”?

Author(s): Weronika Plutecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

Ojcze nasz to najważniejsza modlitwa chrześcijan. Jako starożytny tekst biblijny od wieków poddawana jest badaniom oraz tłumaczona na nowo wraz z rozwojem języków docelowych. Ze względu na powszechność tej modlitwy takie zmiany nie zachodzą niepostrzeżenie i budzą sprzeciw członków różnych wspólnot wyznaniowych. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia specyfikę przekładu tekstów liturgicznych na podstawie analizy tłumaczeń na język szwedzki. Pokazana zostaje historia szwedzkiego tłumaczenia modlitwy Ojcze nasz, aż do opublikowania kontrowersyjnej wersji ekumenicznej w 1996 r. Przeanalizowane zostają wybrane różnice w „starym” i „nowym” tłumaczeniu oraz najważniejsze postulaty w debacie nad przyjęciem wersji ekumenicznej. Artykuł zamyka przytoczenie obecnego stanowiska kościoła katolickiego i protestanckiego wobec nowej wersji oraz dyskusja nad nowoczesnością i tradycją we współczesnych tłumaczeniach Modlitwy Pańskiej. Studium pozwala zobaczyć, w jaki sposób zmiany w obszarze przekładu mogą spowodować poruszenie społeczne i konflikt, jeśli nie są dostosowane do aktualnych przekonań reprezentantów danej kultury. // "Our Father" is the most essential Christian prayer. Being an ancient biblical text it has been translated and interpreted through the ages as target languages were developing. Due to the universality of this prayer, such changes do not occur unnoticed and raise opposition of members of various religious communities. This article presents the specifics of the translation of liturgical texts based on the analysis of translations into Swedish. The history of the Swedish translation of the "Our Father" prayer is covered up to the publication of the controversial ecumenic version in 1996. Selected differences in the "old" and "new" translations and the most important postulates in the debate on the adoption of the ecumenical version are analyzed. The article ends with a description of the current position of the Catholic and Protestant Church regarding the new version and a discussion on modernity and tradition in translations of the Lord's Prayer. The study shows how changes in the area of translation can cause social uproar and conflict, if they are not adapted to the current convictions of representatives of a given culture.

Кръгла маса „Книжовници и книги (Предвъзраждане и Възраждане)“. Паисиеви четения 2020, Пловдивски университет „Паисий Хилендарски“, Филологически факултет

Author(s): Diana Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

Фалшивите новини и фолклористичният подход към тях

Author(s): Angelina Ilieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The article develops and grounds the necessity of a folkloristic perspective towards the phenomenon of fake news, which has already been suggested in some publications by American folklorists. It discusses the milieu of fake news’ distribution with a focus on the cultural characteristics of Web 2.0 and the cultural dynamics which take place in it. As a possible theoretical frame of analysis, the author proposes the conceptual intersection of two scholarly disciplines: media studies and folkloristics. She presents the various genre forms that are usually defines as “fake news”; the possible transformations and hybrids; and the main active subjects of their creation. Along with that, attention is paid to the sociocultural processes, the specificities of distribution and the patterns of reception and reaction. The discussion is supported by examples from the Bulgarian internet space.

Интернет мемета и комуникация онлайн

Author(s): Dafina Genova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2020

The paper focuses on the genre and structural features of internet memes as a means of communication online – a topic unexplored so far by Bulgarian scholars. A critical overview of the scholarly publications in English on the subject is carried out and a discourse analytic approach is employed on a number of selected internet memes from English and Bulgarian internet sites in Google and the social media. “Internet meme” is regarded as a narrower concept than the concept of “meme” as understood in memetics, the evolutionary theory of culture. The analysis covers only those internet memes in which image and text interact. Internet memes are not viewed as isolated artefacts, but as a group or system: otherwise, they are perceived as chaotic and arbitrary. Internet memes are preceded by viral artefacts – a photograph, a text, an advertisement, a song, a video, a film trailer, etc., which internet users share and disseminate without change, whereas alteration and transformation are emblematic for internet memes. Necessary parallels are drawn between humour in internet memes and humour in jokes as well as parallels between intertextuality and multimodal communication in internet memes and those in political cartoons and print advertisements.

Сънищата и сънотълкуването в българската традиционна култура

Author(s): Anatol Anchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

In this article, I offer a summarized survey of the different folklore genres in Bulgarian traditional culture that refer to dreams, dream interpretation and the consequences of dreams. The study is based on a substantial number of narratives of dreams and dream interpretations that I have recorded through fieldwork, and on my research on this topic. I have also utilized published and archive materials, dating since the Bulgarian Revival period until modern times, and published research by folklorists and ethnographers from the distant past until the present day. I delineate the main principles of dream interpretation; the ways of dream interpretation, and the factors that influence it. It is underlined that dream interpretation is part of the cultural education in patriarchal Bulgarian society as an essential element of the skills and practices referring to predicting the future. All of this confirms the fact that dreams and dream interpretation are a significant part of the system of Bulgarian traditional culture. I emphasize the unity of opposites, which is basic for the classification and interpretation of dreams. It is an important characteristic of Bulgarian traditional culture as a whole and also of the Bulgarian culture and language from the Middle Ages until modern times. Simultaneously, I also dwell on the analytical-psychological essence the unity of opposites. Special attention is paid to the crucial role of the context for the correct interpretation of dreams, which corresponds to the method of amplification in Jungian psychology.

Лингвистични механизми при тълкуване на сънищата според Зигмунд Фройд и Карл Густав Юнг

Author(s): Mariya Kitanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2021

The article focuses on certain “points of contact” between the theories of dream interpretation developed by Sigmund Freud and Carl Gustav Jung and modern cognitive linguistics. The author underlines the relevance of linguistic transformations such as metaphor, metonymy, symbolization, paronymy, homonymy, paronomasia, and associative networks for Freud’s theory. Attention is also paid to the mechanisms of dream interpretation used by C. G. Jung: associative, metaphorical, and metonymic. The interpretation of symbols is a focal point in the study.

Who Makes the Blonde Jokes?

Author(s): Stanoy Stanoev / Language(s): English Issue: Special 2/2020

The dumb blonde figure is very popular in the repertoire of international jokes and is characterized by two main qualities: stupidity and promiscuity. These features are also shared by jokes which have circulated in Bulgaria since the 1990s. Researchers view dumb blonde jokes as a consequence of the increasing presence of women in professional and public life in positions which were traditionally considered ‘male’ spheres. The jokes are a reaction to radical transformations in social values and also a specific response to problematized male identities. Over the course of time, the image of the blonde has undergone certain changes as the sexual innuendo has faded and stupidity has become the main object of ridicule. In this way, the blonde has become a version of the classical personage of the fool whose role has always been substantial in the processes of self-identification, whether they be national, social, ethnic, local, or regional in character. In this respect, the blonde represented in such jokes has the potential to become a universal archetype, since her image combines two major identity markers: gender, and more generally, cultural affiliation.

(Не)Приобщеният хумор: учебникът срещу анкетата

Author(s): Aglaya Mavrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2022

Provoked by the one-sided placement of humorous texts in the space of Russian language textbooks for secondary school, the report focuses on the fuller disclosure of the linguo-didactic potential of these texts. For this purpose, part of the results of a large-scale survey is presented, establishing the attitudes of language teachers regarding an idea for the integration of humorous texts in Russian language classes. The analyzed results were obtained from answers to questions highlighting the possibility of including humorous texts in a variety of exercises and activities. The conclusions drawn show that texts containing humor can be an effective linguodidactic resource in learning the Russian language in secondary school.

Le predicatrici valdesi medievali: mundus reversus et perversus o mundus novus? Sulla testimonianza custodita nel Super Apocalypsim di Goffredo di Auxerre.

Author(s): Francesca Tasca / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2022

‘After preaching, they feasted quite lavishly every day, they chose new lovers almost every night, they spent their time without being subjected to anyone, without worries, without fatigue, without danger’. In his Super Apocalypsim, the Cistercian monk Geoffrey of Auxerre describes in this way two Waldensian lady preachers, delineating an extraordinary condition of female autonomy. The article explores the ‘textual phy-siognomy’ of Super Apocalypsim, a biblical commentary written in the second half of the 1180s, but also high-lights its historical and editorial context. The testimony of Geoffrey of Auxerre, a leading representative of ecclesiastical hierarchies, allows us to analyse lexical choices and conceptual nuclei in order to clarify the speci-fic polemics underlying this description of the subversive life of an order which is represented by the two Waldensian women and the manner in which they experience female freedom. Emphasis is given to the issue of a dangerous ‘upside-down world’ (mundus reversus et perversus); this witnesses the subversive experience of the two Waldensian women. The article also recognises possible surviving traces of a radical evangelism and the attempt to create a new world (mundus novus).

Битката на змея с орлите. Формулите на бугарщиците и съвременните записи

Author(s): Boško Suvajdžić / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

This paper analyses the attitude of Bulgarian researchers towards the phenomenon of bugarštica, with special reference to the book “Croatian Bugarštica Songs and Their Bulgarian Counterparts. Studies and Texts”, edited by Stefana Stoykova and published in 2015 by the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences and the Institute of Ethnology and Folklore Studies with Ethnographic Museum. Stefana Stoykova substantiates the thesis about the Bulgarian origin of the bugarštica, present in the research spanning from Ivan Shishmanov to Antonina Afanasieva-Koleva, by analysing Bulgarian recordings from the 20th century in which, according to Stoykova, traces of bugarštica singing still remain preserved. By analysing the formula “orao se vijaše” [an eagle hovered] and the conceptualization of the falcon figure (in metaphors, as a mythical mediator between the worlds, etc.) in oral lyrical poetry in South Slavic context, this paper uncovers the consonance between bugarštica singing and other genre patterns from the 15th until the 20th century primarily in shared formulas, in style and language, in archaic mythological symbolism. The commonness of these elements is attributed to cohabitation, frequent migrations and the broadest processes of creation and duration in oral epic and lyrical traditions in South Slavic cultures.

Непокорният юнак в южнославянските епически песни и руските билини

Author(s): Danijela Petković / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

This paper explores the position of the rebellious, disobedient hero in his own environment on the examples of South Slavic and Russian epics; more precisely, it explores the hero’s disobedience to an authority from his social or family domain. There is a collision between the heroic status of the hero, emphasizing disobedience, independence and pride, with his social and family status, which lowers the hero on the hierarchical ladder. The hero opposes the will of his superior and sometimes explicitly shows his defiance through special gestures, specific gait or riding, often in the same way as his enemy, but unlike the enemy’s, his arrogance and daring are not always punished. An insubordinate hero is not a frequent type, although often a young hero and a neophyte. Besides, disobedience is not reserved for one and the same characters, although the most disobedient heroes are the greatest Russian hero Ilja Muromec and the greatest South Slavic hero Marko Kraljević. Disobedience is only partially a means of the heroes’ characterization, it is mainly used as a motivation, as an element of the commencement that, through the initial collision, opens the possibility for different variants of the plot, in which, in most poems, the epic prevails over the balladic resolution, the heroism over the punishment for hybris, the heroic over the magical principle.

Диалектолог, етнограф, писател: стратегии за вторична текстуализация на народните приказки в Етнографската сбирка на Архива на Сръбската академия на науките и изкуствата до 1914 година

Author(s): Marina Mladenović Mitrović / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2022

The Ethnographic Collection, today a part of SASA Archives, was initiated by Stojan Novaković in order to continue Vuk Karadžić’s work on collecting folklore. The goal of the Academy was to get the material collected, systematized and published, and the task of collecting was entrusted to individuals, such as teachers and priests, who lived among the people and were literate enough to record various forms of folklore. The questionnaires they used were intended for ethnographic and anthropogeographic research, which means that there were no clear instructions for recording folk tales. In this paper, I use the term textualization (after Lauri Honko), defined here as secondary, because it refers to the representation of the written (rather than spontaneous oral) text, in order to point out different models/strategies of recording folk tales used by collectors in the last decades of the 19th and first decades of the 20th century. Depending on their position, recording of the folklore material was sometimes influenced by ethnography or dialectology, considering that the mentioned disciplines were on their rise, while the literary model appears as a regional distinction.

„Да се памти, че е женска работа“: Социокултурни параметри на менструацията в българската традиционна култура и фолклора

Author(s): Mila Bankova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2022

This article aims to outline the main sociocultural aspects of menstruation in Bulgarian traditional culture and folklore. Menarche rituals and etiological legends about the womb’s creation and the menstruation are explored and analyzed in order to define folklore motifs and beliefs. The woman and her cyclicity is related to fertility in the human world. Both in legends and in menarche rituals, the womb and the menstruation are essential for arranging and preserving the dimension between order and chaos, for building a connection between heaven and earth. The magical power of woman's blood and body is included in the cultural system of the human world, but it also aims to achieve prosperity on other levels. This sacred and mysterious physiological process gives woman a special place, makes her wiser and more responsible for the common good.

ПРОСТОР И ВРЕМЕ У ДЕМОНОЛОШКО-МИТОЛОШКИМ ПРЕДАЊИМА ‒ САВРЕМЕНА ТЕРЕНСКА ИСТРАЖИВАЊА

Author(s): Ana Savić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 79/2022

The paper sheds light on the way in which the categories of time and space in demonological-mythological legends constitute a specific chronotope, reflecting the disturbing atmosphere of encounter with the paranormal. The author seeks to expose the poetics of the demonological-mythological legends, with special empha- sis on their temporal and spatial determinants. In the demonological-mythological legends space and time are deeply related. The paper considers the genre determina- tion of the chronotope in demonological-mythological legends and points out that the construction of the narrative world through temporal and spatial categories must proceed in accordance with certain genre laws, so the audience can recognize the story as demonological-mythological legend. This work is based on the folklore material which was gathered from 2018 to 2019 in the Rasina District. Interviews were conducted with two interlocutors from the village of Ribare.

Форми на идентификация сред българо-арменци (По примери от гр. Хасково)

Author(s): Tanya Matanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2023

As a result of the increasing number of Bulgarian-Armenian marriages in Bulgaria since the 1950s more and more people are born and grown up in such interethnic and intercultural settings. The main focus of this study is on respondents who are descendants of Bulgarian-Armenian marriages and the different identifications they construct in their mundane lives. The text will also pay attention to the interlocutors’ notions of homeland and their feeling of territorial identification from national and European perspectives.

Humanism and Posthumanism in the Post-truth Era – Pedagogical Implications

Author(s): Małgorzata Obrycka / Language(s): English Issue: 48/2024

The research problem put forth in this paper is the seeking of an answer to the question about better and more effective ways of acquiring and transferring knowledge in the so-called post-truth era. Therefore, the point of reference here is the category of post-truth, defined as a phenomenon where the objective facts play a lesser role in the process of shaping a widely understood public opinion than emotions, evaluative judgements or personal beliefs. In such circumstances, a set of ideas, models of thinking, as well as ethical proposals – represented within the framework of such concepts as humanism and posthumanism – faces a huge challenge issued by the contemporaneity in the form of gaining social recognition and prestige. The phenomena developing in such process directly influence the way the pedagogical processes are perceived and being designed.