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Private letters belong to most interesting materials, as far as their language is concerned. This book presents an insight into contemporary methodological approaches to a linguistic treatment of these materials.
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The article is a review of the teaching of Macedonian as a second language – non-mother tongue or foreign language in the Republic of Macedonia and abroad. It states some facts about the teaching of Macedonian language in the primary and secondary schools, to students whose mother tongue is Albanian, Turkish or Serbian, and are based on the current curriculums and teaching plans, the contents of the appropriate books and my own position on their current and possible realization plans. In the Macedonian linguistic terminology the phrase second language refers to, almost always, the language that is not students’ native or to the one that is widely spoken in the social environment. The actual conditions of the teaching of Macedonian language as a foreign are only briefly mentioned.
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This article offers some possibilities of using paremiological material in the process of studying various areas of Russian linguistics. It is giving some examples of the introduction of proverbs and sayings in the learning process, depending on the level of knowledge of students, on the purpose, etc. The article also considers the problem of determining the place of proverbs and sayings in relation to language.
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In article present an attempt to consider the city name Elista in cultural and didactical aspects in language teaching. It is established that the city name Elista in language consciousness of Kalmyks is used in its direct meaning and in metaphorical value. The name Elista and names of intracity city objects can be used in quality of local historical material in Russian Elista in cultural and didactical aspects in teaching Russian and Kalmyk as foreign languages.
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Thе study investigates problematic of research the text from a linguaculturology point of view. We highlighted an important role of linguaculturology method in the analysis of the current texts, accentuate importance of the linguistic and culturogical competence of foreign languages students, Russian language as well. We characterize text as an object of linguaculturology research. Balance with modern IT within the work with foreign language text.
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Linguoculturology is still formed as a linguistic science and innovative academic discipline. In our article we try to show the main trends in the development of this linguistic discipline in the conditions of Slovak higher education on the field of Russian studies. We touch upon the questions related to the scientific analysis of language and linguistic reality by means of linguo-cultural theory, methodological and systemic issues connected with the subject of linguo-cultural studies triad of influences: the language – human being – the culture.
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The study of the urban speech is an integral part of the national language and culture study. Belarusian urban speech is especially interesting because of involving two closely related languages in its formation. This interference is most evident on the lexical level. Lexical features of urban speech depend on the place of birth, age, education, field of activity and gender of the speaker and may vary in different communicative situations. The data in the report are based on the materials collected by the author in person.
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The article addresses the problem of describing the proper name for training purposes. The proper name is qualified as a reference unit in the structure of obligatory knowledge. It is emphasized that knowledge is compulsory assimilation and mastery of a certain set of onomastic units. Consequently, in language training, first of all, it is necessary to allocate these onomastic units and determine their content. On this basis, it can be offered ways to describe Onims in educational dictionaries.
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The article deals with the factors that have influence on the linguistic identity formation of a modern Ukrainian. This article attempts to describe the language situation in Ukraine. On one hand, even after the independence proclamation and assertion of status of Ukrainian as the state language, a considerable part of population continues to speak Russian. On the other hand, restriction of the spheres of Russian usage, and insufficient Ukrainian language competence of representatives from various professional fields has led to the the promotion of a general expansion of a phenomenon known as surzhyk. One of the spheres of living, where Ukrainian takes the main position during independence on the territory of almost all state, is the sphere of education. Although, a consequence of this situation in many cases is pupils’ passive mastery of Ukrainian. Even after attempts of realizing serious state educational programs, we realistically do not have hopes to increase the level of Ukrainian mastery. At secondary schools Ukrainian is studied as a subject, but, according to the poll, taken by our scientists, it doesn’t influence on the quality and quantity of communication in Ukrainian in private and public life. Ukrainians of different ages, members of various social groups, and residents of some regions participated in the poll. This poll is empiric base of the given research. One of the results of this poll is that most respondents’ recognized the irrationality of the removal of Russian as a compulsory language from school curriculum. The poll results have helped to determine the peculiarities of linguistic identity of representatives of different generations, and show tendencies to form linguistic identity of Ukrainian pupils.
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The report on the material of titles of Russian electronic media analyzes the polycode phenomenon as one of the specific features of the modern media text, caused by tendency to globalization. We study such manifestation of polycode phenomenon as the use of a foreign graphic in the Russian-language text headlines. The headers of Russian internet media actively involve untapped foreign-language graphical elements (Загнанные в Google, Всевидящий Glass), poligrafixation (Массовый PSYхоз, DDoSтали, SMS-ополчение), transliteration, Russian words in a foreign graphics (Загадочная русская dacha, Доктор Aibolit). These elements have great expressive potential to use them as part of the language game. Foreign-language elements are used for the transformation of precedent phenomena (Вишневый cash, SIM, SIM, откройся), are played semantically and phonetically as part of puns.
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The paper deals with the debatable point of modern linguistics – the predicatives which express the state in the broad sense and are using exclusively as a predicate in a non-subject sentences. The author considers the specifics of such words on the material of youth slang. In the spotlight are the lexical, morphemic, morphological and syntactic features of the analyzed category of words.
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Contemporary dialect discurse reflects the results of inter-dialectal and inter-cultural interaction as well as the peculiarities of the mentality of the people, who represent traditional folk culture. The paper is devoted to the metatextual utterences of the folk language speakers in the polyethnic Middile Irtysh region, which demonstrate the understanding and interpretation of their own and others’ speech, their own and others’ nation.
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The authors highlight the processes and outcomes of videoconferencing using an active participation approach. Two contrasting student groups at different universities were able to participate in a varied programme of tasks using creativity to improve socio-linguistic skills. The course was task-orientated, with the learners generating or sourcing the majority of materials. A mix of the theoretical and the practical was used to underpin the programme.
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The study deals with the development of linguistic, ethnic and international relationships in Moravia in 1848–1918 and their specific features. The focus is mainly on the complex relationships between Czech-speaking and German-speaking inhabitants of Moravia and the aspects that played a key role in them. These included a complicated settlement situation given by the mixing of Czech and German inhabitants (the numerous ‘German linguistic islands’), the economic influence of Jewish inhabitants on international relations in linguistically diverse cities, the impact of social and economic status of various groups of inhabitants on their voting and political participation, the unevenness in the promotion of national identity and the effects of Czech-German international compromise of 1905. The application of the principle of personal autonomy led to alleviation of international tensions as well as an increased demand for legal determination of nationality.
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The use of Albanian in Belgrade and particularly its dependency on the Serbian-Albanian conflict in Kosovo is discussed herein. The paper initially gives an overview of the Albanian minority in Serbia, its demographics, institutions and language use. Drawing on the results of the sociolinguistic survey carried out among the Albanian speakers in Belgrade, the paper then analyses use of Albanian and its dependence on the ethnopolitical conflict.
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The paper deals with the (language) landscape of contemporary cities, taking Sofia as an example. Instead of dividing the linguistic and graphic material (collected in 2020 and 2021 in the Bulgarian capital) into the usual categories of top-down signs and bottom-up signs used in landscape-related studies, I propose a novel concept centred around design and the human senses. The two proposed categories will be described in detail and further subdivided into lexical and graphic entities in a way that would enable the adoption of a synthetic approach to studying the specifics of the Bulgarian capital through the prism of its (language) landscape. The article highlights the advantages of the collected empirical material and its systematisation as well as the prospective lines of research that could benefit from it.
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In the process of creating a contemporary, universal bilingual Bosnian-German dictionary, a number of lexical-semantic challenges emerged. One of them is the occurance of paronyms which are defined in the literature quite differently. Following Storjohannʼs (2021a, 2021b) work on German paronyms, in this paper we define paronyms as formally, phonetically and/ or semantically similar words that may have the same etymological root (e.g. formal - formalistisch, kindisch - kindlich). The previous research showed that paronymic pairs are a source of uncertainty for both native speakers and learners of German as a foreign language due to their semantic and phonetic similarity. However, the existing Bosnian-, Croatian-, or Serbian-German bilingual dictionaries rarely treat this phenomenon neither explicitly, with a note or a separate window, nor implicitly - by taking into account different conceptual referential aspects of the meaning and use of paronyms. The goals of this work are: 1. to offer concrete solutions for a lexicographic treatment of paronyms in the microstructure of the Bosnian-German universal dictionary; 2. to encourage further research into this phenomenon in order to fill an evident gap in domestic and bilingual lexicography. Data comes from the online paronym dictionary of German Language Institute Mannheim, in which their meaning structures are clearly delineated and schematically shown. We investigate their lexicographic presentation in existing bilingual dictionaries and propose more adequate lexicographic treatment in order to offer a more appropriate equivalent. For example, the entry bezbolno (painlessly) occurs in the existing dictionaries with the equivalents schmerzlos and schmerzfrei, suggesting that these two words are synonyms and can be used equally in any context in the German language, even though they are actually paronyms.
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An integral part of the development of sociolinguistic competence as a component of communicative competence is teaching politeness expressions, the acquisition of which enables communicants to conduct conversations in accordance with existing social standards. This article presents the results of the research that aimed to find out how Czech teachers view the development of sociolinguistic competence and teaching of courtesy expressions in Russian lessons at primary schools.
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Zbornik radova Ka rodno nebinarnim jezičkim praksama rezultat je izlaganja na istoimenoj konferenci održanoj 22. 9. 2023. u Sarajevu, u organizaci Sarajevskog otvorenog centra. Zbornik sadrži: Predgovor (str. 2), koji je napisao jedan od urednika Zbornika – Matej Vrebac; Uvodni tekst: “Ka rodno nebinarnim jezičkim praksama” (str. 3–5), kojim nam se obraća Amar Bašić, također član Uredničkog tima; Prvi dio – Nevidljivost u jeziku (str. 7–15), koji čine tri rada, tri lične priče i intimne ispovedi: “Kako i zašto moramo inkluzivni_e u vrlo binarnom BHS jeziku” – Alex B; “Ko sam ja? Nevidljivost u jeziku znači nepostojanje” – Admir Alex Adilović; “Moje iskustvo sa jezikom kao bezrodna osoba u Bosni i Hercegovini” – Mušinović E.; Drugi dio – Lingvističke mogućnosti (str. 16–53), koji čine četiri rada lingvističke perspektive: “Od rodno (ne)osjetljivog ka rodno neutralnom (nebinarnom) jeziku u lingvističkoj bosnistici” – Amela Šehović; “Semantika imenica srednjeg roda u bosanskom jeziku” – Zenaida Karavdić; “Nomen est omen? – (Re)interpretaca rodnih označitelja kroz leće kognitivne lingvistike” – Emir Muhić; “Uporaba rodno nebinarnog jezika: (ne)mogućnosti u praksi” – Ivan Šunjić; Treći dio – Primjeri iz prakse, (str. 55–87), koji čine tri rada: “Perspektive rodno neutralnog jezika u Bosni i Hercegovini” – Amar Bašić; “Problemi pri prevođenju rodno neutralnog jezika sa njemačkog na bosanski/hrvatski/srpski jezik” – Džana Zahirović; “Kratki prikaz pisanja o temama vezanim za nebinarne osobe u Bosni i Hercegovini” – Jasmina Čaušević; Recenze (str. 89-92); O Sarajevskom otvorenom centru (str. 93).
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Zbornik Ka rodno nebinarnim jezičkim praksama nastao je na osnovu radova izloženih na istoimenoj konferenci održanoj u Sarajevu 22. 9. 2023. godine. Prvi ovakve vrste na području Bosne i Hercegovine, zbornik je okupio radove kojima se pokreće iznimno važna akademska i aktivistička rasprava o rodno nebinarnim i rodno neutralnim jezičkim praksama. Uz predgovor i uvodni tekst, zbornik sadrži radove, njih ukupno deset, podeljene u tri cjeline: Nevidljivost u jeziku, Lingvističke mogućnosti i Jezik u upotrebi.
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