We kindly inform you that, as long as the subject affiliation of our 300.000+ articles is in progress, you might get unsufficient or no results on your third level or second level search. In this case, please broaden your search criteria.

26.00 €

Preview

Parsing and beyond. Tools and resources for Estonian

Author(s): Kadri Muischnek,Kaili Müürisep,Tiina Puolakaineni / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

This article gives an overview of the state of art of tools and resources for syntactic analysis of Estonian. A morphosyntactic disambiguator, surface-syntactic analyzer and dependency parser are all based on the Constraint Grammar formalism. As for language resources, a 400,000-word manually annotated dependency treebank has been created, its annotation scheme is compatible with the output of the Constraint Grammar dependency parser. Part of the treebank has been converted to the Universal Dependencies annotation scheme. Our tools have also been tested by large-scale corpus annotation.

More...

26.00 €

Preview

Corpus-oriented lexicographic database for Beserman Udmurt

Author(s): Timofey Arkhangelskiy,Natalia Serdobolskaya,Maria Usacheva / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Beserman Udmurt documentation project is a long-term undertaking aimed primarily at collecting lexicographic and corpus data in the field. During our work on the project, we developed a pipeline for collecting, annotating and publishing our data. In this paper, we describe this pipeline and present the online web interface we developed for providing public access to Beserman materials. We use TLex lexicographic software for working on the dictionary and Fieldworks FLEX for annotating the corpus. After the data have been annotated, they are exported to XML and stored in the online web interface, where these two types of data become interconnected and searchable. We propose solutions to challenges that arise in projects of such kind and reflect on various constraints imposed on lexicographic databases being developed in long-term projects aimed at description of underresourced languages. We suggest that the proposed pipeline and the web interface we developed could be employed by similar projects dealing with other minority languages. The web interface based on the database and a corpus of oral Beserman texts is available online at beserman.ru.

More...

26.00 €

Preview

Digital resources for Enets - A descriptive linguist’s view

Author(s): Olesya Khanina / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

The paper describes digital resources available for Enets, an endangered Northern Samoyedic language: a multimedia dictionary and a digital corpus, both created by the author with her collaborators. Possible uses of these resources for linguistic research are discussed with the help of several examples. The dictionary is shown to seize limits of phonetic variation involving a mixture of two vowel phonemes, and the corpus is shown to provide a better description to grammatical structures involving ditransitive semantics. All examples illustrate the added value of the digital resources’ use.

More...

Download

Result states and repetitive adverbs

Author(s): Aniko Csirmaz,Benjamin Slade / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2016

This paper considers some paradoxes that arise in connection with repetitive adverbials in English. We propose a simple syntactic structure of verbal predicates along the lines of Ramchand (2008) and show how the apparent paradoxes can be resolved with that structure and some straightforward assumptions. One observation is that repetitives behave differently with verbs taking affected subjects (like read) than with verbs taking non-affected subjects (like paint). Another observation is the fact that repetitives are not uniform in their behaviour with respect to resultatives. Once again, structural assumptions, specifically, distinct structural positions of the resultatives, account for this varied behaviour.

More...

Download

The syntactic position and quantificational force of FCIs in Hungarian

Author(s): Tamás Halm / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The topic of my paper is the syntax and the quantificational force of free-choice items (FCIs) in Hungarian. FCIs such as any have been at the forefront of research interest in the past decades (e.g., Ladusaw 1979; Kadmon & Landman 1993; Giannakidou 2001). The close interdependence of syntactic, semantic and even pragmatic considerations makes the study of FCIs one of the most interesting research programmes. Earlier investigations of the syntax and semantics of FCIs in Hungarian include Hunyadi (1991; 2002), Abrusán (2007) and Szabó (2012). In my paper, I show that FCIs in Hungarian occupy the syntactic position associated with distributive quantifiers (É. Kiss 2010). Furthermore, I examine the quantificational force of FCIs by the well-known battery of quantification tests (for a previous application for Hungarian, cf. Surányi 2006): almost-modification, modification by exceptive phrase, donkey anaphora, predicative use, is-modification, incorporation and split reading with modals. My findings of mixed quantificational behaviour provide further corroboration for the analysis of FCIs as quantificationally underspecified intensional dependent indefinites.

More...

Download

Influences of Frege’s Predicate Logic on Some Computational Models

Author(s): Mohamad Awwad / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

The purpose of this paper is to give some insights into the immense role of Frege’s first order logic (FOL) in the development of computer science. We argue that the FOL is fundamental in computer science, and that some computer science subfields could not have existed without their theoretical foundations built on this form of logic. Among these subfields, one can mention the Type Theory, Databases, Descriptive Complexity, Artificial Intelligence, Logic Programming, and Automated Theorem Proving. To illustrate our point, an in-depth attention will in particular be given to the foundational development of the most popular logic programming language, PROLOG, and the Automated Theorem Proving (ATP) systems. Importantly, when studying the interactions between logic and computer science in the literature, we can observe a significant gap in the provision of the appropriate abstraction level. Specifically, we often encounter two different levels of abstraction. The first of these is relatively high even when describing technical notions in computer science, which obviously produces a lack of precision. The second adopts a technical-oriented approach which easily makes the topic and discussion unintuitive or inaccessible to the non-specialist. The paper attempts to remedy these problems by adopting a balanced approach that provides a moderate level of abstraction that targets a deeper understanding of the topic without imposing a very technical presentation on the reader

More...

4.50 €

Preview

Словотворчеството в компютърно опосредстваната комуникация

Author(s): Bilyana Todorova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The aim of the paper is to present some new words used in bg-mamma forums platform. These words are a result of the two main linguistic principles of the informal CMC (computer-mediated communication) – the tendencies to the lexical economy and language expressiveness. The most typical means for the new word invention are observed – abbreviation, composition, word shortening, suffixation, etc. Some of the most expressive suffix uses and their function in the texts are discussed as well.

More...

Download

Pregled tehnika automatskoga sažimanja teksta

Author(s): Emil Brajković,Tomislav Volarić,Daniel Vasić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 25/2018

Due to the high availability of information on the Internet, retrieving information in the form of a summary will be used by a large number of users. The automatic text summarization system generates a summary, that is essentially a shorter text than the original, containing all the important information from the original document. A summary can be obtained using extraction and abstraction methods. This paper presents an overview of the latest extraction approaches to text summarization. The advantages and disadvantages of these approaches are identified… Possible directions for further research have been described.

More...

Download

Strategie językowe w interakcji handlowej na Twitterze

Author(s): Anna Tereszkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 49/2015

The aim of the analysis was to investigate linguistic strategies used in business interaction between clients and firms on selected business profiles on Twitter. The analysis aimed at establishing which strategies are used in the interaction. The analysis referred to the classification of strategies suggested by Zgółkowa and Pałka based on von Thun’s four-sides model of communication. Strategies used on four levels of the message were analysed, i.e. on the factual level, relationship level, self-revelation level and appeal level. The analysis indicated that strategies transposed from other media are used in the interaction. An undeniable asset of this medium is, however, the possibility to combine a range of forms of interaction and strategies.

More...

Download

Pracownicy o elastycznych formach zatrudnienia — analiza językowa wybranych przekazów internetowych

Author(s): Elwira Olejniczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 46/2012

This article analyses the linguistic ways of expressing emotions and talking about flexible forms of employment deployed by employees. The Internet is a medium which gives people an opportunity to present what they are really thinking. Flexible forms of employment are very important in today’s world. Many employees are afraid of that concept because they are not guaranteed security at work. They express their objections by using: negative epithets, comparisons, enumerations, parallelisms, examples, rhetorical questions or exclamations typical of colloquial language.

More...

Download

Distribution and Inference: What Philosophical and Computational Semantics can Learn from Each Other

Author(s): Radek Ocelák / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2016

Distribution of a word across contexts has proved to be a very useful approximation of the word’s meaning. This paper reflects on the recent attempts to enhance distributional (or vector space) semantics of words with meaning composition, in particular with Fregean compositionality. I discuss the nature and performance of distributional semantic representations and argue against the thesis that semantics is in some sense identical with distribution (which seems to be a strong assumption of the compositional efforts). I propose instead that distribution is merely a reflection of semantics, and a substantially imperfect one. That raises some doubts regarding the very idea of obtaining semantic representations for larger wholes (phrases, sentences) by combining the distributional representations of particular items. In any case, I reject the generally unquestioned assumption that formal semantics provides a good theory of semantic composition, which it would be desirable to combine with distributional semantics (as a theory that is highly successful on the lexical field). I suggest that a positive alternative to the strong reading of the distributional hypothesis can be seen in the philosophy of inferentialism with respect to language meaning. I argue that the spirit of inferentialism is reasonably compatible with the current practice of distributional semantics, and I discuss the motivations for as well as the obstacles in the way of implementing the philosophical position in a computational framework.

More...

Download

L’apport du numérique ambiant dans l’apprentissage du FLE

Author(s): Lelia Achouri,Abdelhalim Tebib / Language(s): French Issue: 17/2018

Notre proposition de communication traite de l’influence des nouvelles technologies sur l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues, en l’occurrence du français langue étrangère, dans un contexte arabophone. Les technologies de l’information et de la communication (TIC) se manifestent comme un dispositif très important de notre vie quotidienne qui se poursuit à un rythme effréné, parallèlement avec le développement technologique et électronique de notre siècle. L’essor vertigineux des TIC bouleverse tous les domaines du savoir, que ce soit social, commercial, culturel, y compris le secteur de l’enseignement-apprentissage des langues. Notre recherche tentera d’étudier l’apport du numérique ambiant sur l’apprentissage des langues étrangères, du FLE, dans notre cas, à savoir la manière dont les TIC peuvent influer sur la motivation des apprenants à étudier une langue étrangère et à améliorer leurs compétences langagières.

More...

Download

Kompjuterska semiotika

Author(s): Alma Granov / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 4/2007

Semiotika je, prema klasičnoj i veoma pojednostavljenoj definiciji, nauka o znakovima. Čovjekov odnos prema okolnom svijetu uvijek je posredovan znakovima, a današnji je okolni svijet suvremenog čovjeka bitno determiniran informacionim tehnologijama. Semiotički sistem koji obilježava suvremenu civilizaciju i gotovo postaje njenim logom svakako jeste kompjuter. Učešće semiotike u domenima kompjuterske djelatnosti na današnjem stupnju razvoja informacionih tehnologija postalo je neizbježno i rezultiralo je profiliranjem posebne naučne discipline – kompjuterske semiotike.

More...

Download

Pragmatics for developing a terminological glossary: UNESCO’s Internet Governance Glossary

Author(s): Blanca Stella Giraldo Pérez / Language(s): English Issue: 24/2017

Sparti informacinių ir komunikacinių technologijų plėtra, didėjantis žinių visuomenėsir politinis siekis mažinti įvairių rūšių skaitmeninę atskirtį yra prioritetiniai klausimai,kuriuos kelia pramonės, viešojo administravimo ir akademinės politikos formuotojai.Kad būtų galima pagerinti specializuotos komunikacijos ir dalijimosi žiniomisefektyvumą bei naudingumą, gali reikėti tobulinti esamus metodus ir kurti naujų metodųbei priemonių taikymo koncepcijas. Yra ne vienas žinių tvarkybos priemoniųplėtojimo pasiūlymas, prisidėjęs prie kūrimo tinkamo turinio, kurį būtų galima naudotipakartotinai, taikyti kitais tikslais ir papildyti, tuo pat metu gerinant sąveikumą beitvarumą. Gerai parengti žodynai yra pagrindiniai įrankiai specializuotos komunikacijosir dalijimosi žiniomis efektyvumui ir naudingumui gerinti.Straipsnyje aptariami kai kurie praktiniai terminų žodynų rengimo, remiantisUNESCO interneto valdymo žodyno (IGG) sudarymo patirtimi ir metodika, aspektai.IGG metodika apima praktinį nustatytų terminologijos principų ir metodų, ypač pateiktųISO TK 37 standartuose, pritaikymą ir naudojimą. Ją galima taikyti skirtingiemstikslams įvairiose srityse, taip pat skirtingoms įvairių išsilavinimo lygmenųtikslinėms grupėms.IGG metodika parodo, kad terminologinio darbo principai ir metodai gali būti pritaikytispecialių tikslinių naudotojų poreikiams. IGG metodika nepakeičia sisteminėsterminologijos, bet gali būti panaudota kaip labai dinamiškai besiplėtojančios srities,tokios kaip interneto valdymas, terminologinio darbo geroji praktika.Žodyno pasvetainėje (http://en.unesco.org/internet-governance-glossary/about-igg)rašoma, kad tokį išteklių kaip IGG galima laikyti iniciatyva patenkinti tęstinio terminologijosplanavimo, institucinių gebėjimų gerinimo ir veiksmingų regioninio bei nacionaliniolygmens koordinavimo mechanizmų poreikį. Tokie ištekliai gali daug prisidėtiprie šalių ir bendruomenių, kurių specialiosios kalbos ir terminijos nėra pakankamaiišplėtotos, įsitraukimo ir dalyvavimo gerinimo.

More...

Download

PARTICULARITIES OF SPECIALIZED LANGUAGES

Author(s): Anca Sîrbu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 13/2018

Technical language and general language cannot be clearly differentiated, this great is the extent to which their mutual relationships are interwoven. Above all, most specialized languages are based on general language. They use the many possibilities of expression that the general language provides them. And vice versa, specialized language has its effects on the general language. This effect has grown stronger and stronger nowadays, as science and technology, through the extended use of technical goods (video equipment, home computers), or by the dissemination of technical and scientific knowledge through the media, have increasingly entered the everyday life of every individual. The purpose of this paper is to draw up an outline regarding some of the particularities of specialized languages.

More...

Download

Multilingvizam na internetu

Author(s): Senka Majetić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 1/2011

It seems to be a standard convention for papers dealing with digital technology to begin or end by warning their readers that everything they contain is going to be soon out of date, and a linguistic perspective on the subject is no exception. Any attempt to characterize the language of the Internet, whether as a whole or with reference to one of its constituent situations, immediately runs up against the transience of the technology. The different fields of communication will not remain for long as they are constantly evolving, putting users under constant pressure to adapt their language to the demands on new contexts, and giving them fresh opportunities to interact in new ways. The readiness with which people do adapt language to meet the needs of new situations, which is the heart of linguistic evolution is going to be fully exploited in the next few decades, with the emergence of yet more sophisticated forms of digitally mediated communication. The Internet has been the focus of this paper within which I have looked of four situations: e-mail, synchronous and asynchronous chatgroups and the World Wide Web. In each case, I have found clear signs of the emergence of a distinctive variety of language, with characteristics closely related to the properties of its technological context as well as to the intentions, activities, and (to some extent) personalities of the users. The Internet is only a part of the world of computer-mediated language. Many new technologies are anticipated, which will integrate the Internet with the other communication situations, and these will provide the matrix within which further language varieties will develop.

More...

Download

Компјутерска обрада лингвистичких података - досадашњи резултати, потребе и перспективе

Author(s): Melanija Mikeš / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1/1978

Под овим називом одржан je 9. и 10. децембра 1977. године у Сарајеву научни скуп, који je организовао Институт за језик и књижевност у Сарајеву, под покровительством Акамедије наука и умјетности Босне и Херцеговине. На скупу je било 65 заинтересованих лингвиста, инжиньера и математичара из свих југословенских центара, поднесено je двадесет реферата и вођена je веома корисна дискусија о назначеној проблематици, а дата су и мишљења и сугестије за даље унапређење ове интердисциплинарне научне области.

More...

Download

O nastanku kompjutorskih konkordacija i njihovoj uotrebi pri analizi teksta

Author(s): Milan Moguš / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 3/1977

In this paper the author presents the historical background of the work on computer concordances produced in the Institute of Linguistics, Faculty of Philosophy, University of Zagreb, and the advantages of their application for the exact analysis of literary texts: ranging from proving the authorship of a certain work to detecting subtle stylistic variations.

More...

Download

Netnyelvészeti kaleidoszkóp

Author(s): Béla Istók / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

This paper is a brief overview of the subject matter, methods and discussions within the research field of digital communication through the scope of linguistics by using a framework of terminology and the history of science. While some experts have been trying to unravel “net linguistics”, i.e. the internet lingo from the beginnings (90s) and have also had the goal to identify the subject matter of this scientific field, others point out the incorrect usage of terms like internet lingo by remarking upon the diverse nature (inner incompatibility and contradictions) of cybergenres and unique solutions. On one hand, my paper is a chronological and terminological survey of this scientific field, while on the other, it is an attempt at the synthesis of divergent views and the recognition of internet lingo as an illusoricum (regarding the introduction of the term, see Lanstyák 2018: 7, 17–19, 164–168) and an umbrella term.

More...

Download

Stílusgyakorlatok internetes szövegekkel

Author(s): Ilona Szerdi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2019

Online communication is an integral part of the everyday life of the digital generation. These are common linguistic features, deviations from standard grammar, abbreviations, foreign (mainly English) linguistic elements, characteristics of spoken language, emoticons and special sentence patterns of chats and message board posts. All of them can function as a stylistic device or genre characteristics in texts written and published in the digital sphere. This study recommends stylistic exercises – bearing in mind the requirements of mother tongue education in the 5th to 9th grades of Hungarian language elementary schools in Slovakia – which are dedicated to improve digital competences and communication skills.

More...