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Temporal and Spatial Arrangements in Serkan Türk’s Postmortem Narrative: “I Didn’t Cry When I Died”

Author(s): Mustafa Zeki Çıraklı,Öznur YEMEZ / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Serkan Türk’s fiction represents a new generation of storytelling bringing together universal themes as well as local issues. He bears a considerable position in modern Turkish storytelling as having employed modernist narrative techniques. This study explores narrative technique in Serkan Türk’s postmortem narrative, “I Didn’t Cry When I Died” and argues that the author plays with a temporality incorporating temporal and spatial elements through the representation of the consciousness of the protagonist, who is also the first person narrator and internal focalizer in the story. It is shown that shifts between temporal and spatial axis help to reveal the character’s past and present, her intellectual and physical condition, and her resistance to nonexistence.

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DİNÎ - MENSUR BİR ESER: HZ. MUHAMMED’İN EBÛ CEHİL İLE GÜREŞİ

Author(s): Nursel Uyaniker / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 22/2018

After the acceptance of Islam in Turkish literature, religious-mystical artifacts worth seeing. These works include masses in order to spread Islam, the Prophet Muhammad's and his Ehl-i Bayt praising the poem-written many works in the form of prose. ProphetMuhammed's childhood-youth written that religious-the first time a form of prose works, having been identified by us and transcription. The study consists of three parts. The first chapter the Prophet Muhammad Abu jahl wrestling with the subject field two prose after internal and external features of the work, the more comprehensive library of İstanbul University, Rare Turkish Manuscripts, No.: 7391 ' were introduced in the registered Works; Inthe second part the University of Istanbul in the T7391 number this piece, Yapi Kredi Sermet Çifter Research Library in the number of Y-550, H.1190 / 1776-7 in its history,

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CENGİZ DAĞCI’NIN “O TOPRAKLAR BİZİMDİ” ROMANINA YAKIN TARİH EDEBİYAT İLİŞKİSİ AÇISINDAN BİR YAKLAŞIM

Author(s): Reyhan Çelik / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 12/2014

It is well known that the literary texts are influenced by the history from past to the present. Everything associated with people is inside the history. Likewise, the main element of the literature is also human. While some of the literary texts have traces of the period it has been written, some of the mare influenced totally from the historical events of the period it was told. History, which is a leading factor in the life of the society and literature is reflected in a very impressive way by the Works of Cengiz Dağcı, the one of Cremiean - Tatar writers. The change of the Crimea and the Crimean people revealed in this period, who have passed from the protection of Russian under the protection of the German. In this work, the novel ‘O Topraklar Bizimdi’, which has been constructed on the events that has been experienced will be evaluated in terms of the relationship between history and literature.

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HAKAS DESTAN DAİRESİNDEN BİR KADIN KAHRAMAN: HUBAN ARIĞ

Author(s): Yaprak Pelin Uluışık / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2018

Khakass Turks, among other Turkic people, have the majority of the female heroine epics. Epics like Altın Arığ, Ay Huucın, Ah Çibek Arığ and Huban Arığ are among the examples of female heroine epics that are translated to Turkish dialect that is spoken in Turkey. Among these epics Huban Arığ, as seen in the early epic examples, has mythological elements which are dominant in both main character and in epic in general, besides the features that must be found in a epic hero. As a result of the research it can be said that, steps that are found in all heroic epics such as the epic hero's extraordinary birth, name taking, physical properties, horses, war clothing and equipment, the process of maturity, entering into the adventure and death; are also present in the epic Huban Arığ. Specifically emphasized features in this article, owing to their mythological base, had their place in epics and narrative tradition that let them to survive for centuries, are as follows; getting help from extraordinary beings, having magical objects, going underground, shape changing, interfering atmospheric phenomena, resurrecting dead, healing the patient and casting spells. All of these features belong to early shamans. Having the superior characteristics such as being a true warrior, a great leader and a pioneer in providing the world order, Huban Arig is one of the heros in Turkic epic that is worth researching most. This article gives information in particular, about the characteristics of heroines in female warrior prowess epics of the Khakas Turks through the main character of the Huban Arığ epic; and in general, gives information about the characteristics of the heroes in Siberian field Turkic prowess epics in which predominates mythological elements. While explaining the characteristics of the heroine, examples from the verses of the Huban Arig epic are also presented.

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ERENDİZ ATASÜ’NÜN DAĞIN ÖTEKİ YÜZÜ ROMANINDA ÖTEKİNİN KİŞİ DÜZLEMİNDEKİ YANSIMALARI

Author(s): Elif ÖKSÜZ GÜNEŞ / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2018

Art is the creation of an aesthetic language by combining with the realities of the world. In this process of creation, the artist cannot remain indifferent to the changes and transformations of the society. Erendiz Atasü, who started her literary life with story, constructs her works by centering female characters. Women's place in society; social, political changes inTurkey take place her text.The book, The Other Side Of The Mountain, which she wrote in 1995, is her first work of novel. In the work written with a multiplicity of perspective and with the technique of metafiction, the events around the narrator-I and her family are told. Turkey's social and political life moved to the fiction world by these people. Human cannot be considered independent of history/time and place. In the novel where the story time comes before the time of storytelling, historical facts affect the people's perspective on events, their sensitivities and feelings and perceptions. In the early years of the Republic, people that grows of Kemalist ideology, starts to change. In this work, the process of these people from innocence to betrayal and corruption, and loss of memory are explained. People alienate and become deindividuation.In this work, The Other Side Of The Mountain will be examined in the context of mountain, other and face words. İt will be evaluated with duplex images in person, time and place. Persons will be examined in the context of the transformation of the Kemalist generation from the point of view of life, as well as alienation of themselves and others.

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BİR FIKRA TİPİ OLARAK KEÇECİ-ZÂDE İZZET MOLLA

Author(s): Nilüfer Tanç / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 24/2018

Keçeci-zâde İzzet Molla (1786-1829), one of the last representatives literary works and repartee of Classical Turkish Literature, besides his humorous style in these works, is recognized with his witty personality as one of the most popular persons in the poetry meetings. İzzet Molla, described as a colorful personality, spent his entire life, which is defined as “the most remarkable novel of his time”, spoke without any hesitation, and could admit all sorts of punishment and could not afford to misrepresent any kinds of misdeeds and misunderstandings he saw. Many of the sources mentioning İzzet Molla, along with examples from his works, have also included humorous narratives and satires around his personality, and pointed out that it would be useful to bring them together. These narratives, which include different historical events, satires, humor or anecdote, embody the environment where the poet lived, the literary environments of the period and the sense of humor, besides the humorous personality of the poet. In this study, the humorous narratives formed around Keçeci-zâde İzzet Molla were collected by reviewing the scattered resources where they were included and 41 different texts were identified, these works have been studied by basing on the work of “Bektashi Jokes in Turkish Literature” by Professor Dr. Dursun Yıldırım, the nature of these narratives has been investigated in terms of literature, and whether Keçeci-zâde İzzet Molla could be accepted as an item of joke in the joke types present in our literature. The texts identified were added to the end of this study to be used as a source of research in the fields of cultural history and literature.

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“HERKES KALBİNİN KAFESİNDE YAŞAR, YARASINDAN BAKAR DÜNYAYA”: HİLÂL KARAHAN ŞİİRİ

Author(s): Emel KOŞAR / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 26/2019

Hilâl Karahan is publishing poetry, interview and research texts since 2000. Karahan interrogates tradition with her lyrical and mystical poems and questions the woman’s place in society with her narrative poems. Hilâl Karahan’s poems, which are connotative to laments, letters, songs, share the pain of women and children especially. In Karahan’s poems, sections that are written on the right, in italics and different fonts are noteworthy. She uses collage technique which is a postmodern method in poetry. These poems can be read as one or two poems. Poems have varios distinct poetry personas. These subconscious collages show the polyphony of the poet’s poems. Karahan tries to catch the rhythm of the psalms of Psalter, the hymns read in the rituals and the monuments (The God’s attribute, the first part of the Torah, the creation of man) read in the verses. Hilâl Karahan, who tries to reproduce the first voice during the creation of the universe -and all sounds derived from it- in her poems, questions the human relationship and reflects the role of language in human creation in the light of the mystical terms.

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2006-2015 Yılları Arasında Bulgaristan’da Çevrilen Romanlara Kısa Bir Bakış

Author(s): Ayra Şen Tilki / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2019

Turkey and Bulgaria became neighbors with each other for many years and they are two countries with common history. There is a need for a thorough investigation of the literary world of these two countries which have cultural, political and literary characteristics. Undoubtedly, it will be more accurate to do research on the novel which is the most translated genre during this period. In the years mentioned, selected and translated novels were evaluated. Between these years, the number of translated novels has been determined, and the subject and genre has been examined. In this research, the traces of Turkish literature in Bulgaria have been extensively researched and revealed with chronological data.

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ÂŞIK BAHATTİN YILDIZOĞLU’NU ANLAMAK

Author(s): Erdoğan Altınkaynak / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 44/2019

Literary analysis and criticism in Turkey about folk literature, and minstrelsy in particular, have not been settled down yet. Literary criticism and analysis efforts are limited to presenting information about the structure of poems, trying to explain the quartets, and combining the life stories of minstrels with the lyrics. We are of the opinion that any study without focusing on the signs and symbols, analogies, similes and other poetic images with a view to the geographical features the minstrel lives in, and the social and cultural values of society reflected in poems will be lacking while analysing or criticising works of folk literature and minstrelsy. The North-East region of Turkey is different from the other regions in terms of etnical identity and geographical features. Settlers in Kars-Ardahan make their living by raising cattle. Those in Iğdır-Artvin can make their living through different types of agricultural activities. In Kars-Ardahan, the winters are extremely cold, and summers are cool. In this region, people of different etnicities and beliefs live. The religious sects are Alevites, Sunnis and Caferis, whereas the etnical identities are Azeris, Terekemens, Natives, Turkemens, Kurds and Zazas. Such a richness of identities make it possible for minstrels to create humour in abundance. Minstrel Bahattin Yıldızoğlu belongs to Minstrel Şenlik tradition, and is on the master level in the North East region. He has found opportunities to perform his art both abroad and in the country. He is famous for sarcastic humour of his own. Yıldızoğlu, whom we got to know in 1997, lived in a region based on cattle breeding, and successfully reflected the geographical, social and cultural features of this region in his works. In this study, we will focus on the elements influencing his art and performance with a view to some of his poetry. We aim that this analytic study will shed light upon prospective studies in terms of literary analysis and criticism.

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CEMAL SÜREYA ŞİİRİNDE İRONİ ve MİZAH

Author(s): Fariz YILDIRIM / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 44/2019

Cemal Süreya is a poet who commodifies the female body as a symbol of sexuality and does not diminish intelligence. The most common theme (female / sexuality) of his poetry was accompanied by a sense of humor evoked by the same frequency and mostly irony. The habit of his sarcasm made the element of humor one of the main characteristics of Cemal Süreya poetry. While making humor, Süreya mainly used absurdity, word games and inverse reconciliations. One of the important sources of humor in Cemal Süreya poetry is the ironies which aim to criticize on an individual and social basis. The poet, who is very fond of the product of intelligence, applied to parodic discourse and wit.

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RÛHÎ’NİN DÜVÂZNÂMESİ

Author(s): Ahmet İçli / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 45/2020

Mankind expresses many events and facts about life through written and oral expression tools. The art of literature is also one of these means of expression. Classical Turkish literature is a literature that deals with many subjects related to every field of life and has a wide range of subjects. It is possible to find almost every subject related to humanity and life in this literature. In Turkish Islam and Turkish Sufism literature, there are many works viewing topics of religious elders, especially the Prophet, four caliphs and the Prophet's family, ahl al-beyt. These works can be verse or prose. While some of these works can be an independent book, some of them can be seen as poems written in different verse forms in the divan of poets In Turkish literature, there are works written on the basis of historical and cultural values of Alevism and Bektashism tradition. Maktel-i Huseyn is one of the most important works are among these and It is possible to see works and texts about Fatima and Ali. One of the works written on this subject is twelve imams, named “ahl al-beyt” “Ahl-i beyt imams” or “duvaznâme”. In the Shia tradition, there are information about the religious elders, considered to be twelve imams. In these texts, love and praise are given to the Ahl-i beyt imams. Rûhî is one of the poets who wrote a duvâznâme piece in Turkish literature. The poem was given in a magazine/compile by reference to Rûhî. Although not definite, there are some clues in the compile that poetry may belong to the Rûhî who is known from Baghdad In this study, the poem of duvâznâme will be transferred to Latin letters from Arabic types, and the content of the work will be evaluated.

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İlhan Başgöz

Author(s): Gündüz Vassaf / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 100/2019

Poem “İlhan Başgöz” by Gündüz Vassaf.

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Sivas, Sivas, Sivas…

Author(s): İlhan Başgöz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 100/2019

Ankara’dan çıktım yola, selam verdim sağa sola, haydi benim bu dünyaya garip gelmiş hemşerim, yolun açık ola. Mevsim bahardı, havada kışla yazın ezeli kavgası vardı. Düştük Kırıkkale yoluna. Kırıkkale yolu lokanta dolu, lokantalar tıklım tıklım, kadın erkek müşteri dolu. Türk Hava Yolları’nın yeni Osmanlıcasını kullanırsak; baylar olmuş beyefendi, bayanlar olmuş hanımefendi. Konuşurken kolay ama yazarken beyefendiyi nasıl yazacağımı bilemiyorum. Bey efendi mi, beyefendi mi? Bitişik mi, ayrı mı? Beyle efendiyi ayırsan da olur ayırmasan da. Pek fark etmez. Ama hanımefendi ne olacak? Hanımla, efendiyi ayırırsan mesele yok. Ama hanımla efendiyi birleştirirsen (bin kere haşa) ciddi sorun çıkar. Ben bilmem, Dil Kurumu bilir.

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Muhammed b. İbrahim’in Manzûm Şir’atü’l-İslam Tercümesi (Şir’a-i Manzûm)

Author(s): Necati İşler / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 41/2020

Muhammad b. Ibrahim is a poet who lived in the 15th and 16th centuries. His only work which we could reach is Shir‘a-i Manzūm. It was translated from Shir‘at al-Islām in-to Turkish in 911/1505. Shir‘at al-Islām is a book of ilmihal (catechism) and ethics writ-ten in Arabic by famous Hanafī scholar Imāmzadāh (d. 573/1177). It was very popular in Ottoman society and among scholars. In the first part of this article, the commentaries and translations of Shir‘at al- Islām are introduced. In the second and third parts, there is content review of Shir‘a-i Manzūm and Muhammad b. Ibrahim’s translation methods. The longest poetic ilmihal (catechism) in Turkish Literature, Shir‘a-i Manzūm is consists of 8442 couplets. The work, which was written in form of the mathnawī, was dedicated to the Ottoman Sultan Bayazid II (1481–1512). At the end of the Los Angeles copy of Shir‘a-i Manzūm, it is stated that the poet was from Eceabat. Muham-mad b. Ibrahim, who could write poetry in Arabic and Persian besides Turkish, skill-fully used derivations, synonymous and puns in his work. Along with adhering to the source, he reflected his contributions to his work. There are also translations of many Qur’ān verses and hadiths in Shir‘a-i Manzūm which is included in the religious group of mathnawīs.The 15th and 16th centuries are considered as the golden age of the mathnawī type in Turkish Literature. During these centuries many different religious-mystical and moral mathnawī have been written. The translation made by Muhammad b. Ibrahim under the name of Shir‘a-i Manzūm is one of these mathnawīs. There is no information about the literary personality of the poet. All the opinions mentioned in our article about his poetics are based on Shir‘a-i Manzūm. It is understood from his work that Muhammad b. Ibrahim received a good madrasa education as well as his poetry skills. Shir‘a-i Manzūm has a simple wording and the characteristics of Old Anatolian Turkish. The wording of the work is very similar to the other mathnawīs written in its period. Süleymān Çelebī’s Wasīlat al-Najāt; Yazıcıoğlu Mehmed’s Muhammadiya, İbrahim Tennūri’s Gulzār-ı Ma‘nawī, Hamdullah Hamdi’s Mawlīd, Zaīfī’s Majma‘u al-Anvār, Dāvud-ı Halvetī’s Gulshan-i Tawhīd are similar mathnawīs belonging to that period. Since Shir‘a-i Manzūm is a religious-didactic work, the translator used a clear wording. Since Shir‘at al-Islām, which is the source of Shir‘a-i Manzūm, was written in Arabic in Bukhara in the 12th century, it contains many Arabic words and phrases. The translator makes his poetry understandable by giving the Turkish of these words and phrases in the coup-let or afterwards. Shir‘a-i Manzūm has the classical arrangement of the mathnawī type. The work begins with basmalah, hamdalah and salvalah and continues with couplets on tawhīd and naat. The poet explains why he wrote his work after praising the Sultān Bāyezīd II (1481–1512). After this entry, it is passed to the section where the main subject is handled. In addition to worships, we also find other topics in these chapters.Six manuscripts copies of Shir‘a-i Manzūm have been identified so far. Manisa Public Library, University of California Los Angeles Library and Presidency of the Republic of Turkey Presidency of Religious Affairs Library copies were announced to the world of science for the first time with this study. The Fahri Bilge copy mentioned by Agah Sır-rı Levend could not be reached. Ahmet Aydın made a master’s degree on a part of the work in 2016 based on Süleymaniye Library Hacı Mahmud copy which is mentioned in Osmanlı Müellifleri (Ottoman Authors) and Süleymaniye Library Manuscript Donations copy. Egyptian National Library copy was reproduced from the Hacı Mahmud copy. In our ongoing PhD Dissertation, Manisa, Los Angeles and Hacı Mahmud copies are selected for the critical text, but other copies are also used. There have been remarkable studies in the field of poetic ilmihal (catechism) and poetic fıqh in Turkey in recent years. We believe that our article, which introduces the longest catechism of Turkish Literature, will make significant contributions to this field.

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Reşat Nuri Güntekin’in Bir Uzun Öyküsü: “Salgın”

Author(s): Efnan Dervişoğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

In those days of 2020, when a global epidemic affected the whole world, literary works describing major epidemics came to the agenda and various reading lists were organized on the subject of the epidemic. It is known that literature which deals with human and everything related to this subject, also deals with epidemics that cause great destruction just like wars and migrations. Examples of this can be found both in Turkish and world literature. The long story titled “Epidemic” by Reşat Nuri Güntekin, which was published in the magazine "Persembe", between the years 1935-1936, is one of the literary works that should be evaluated in this context. This article focuses on Güntekin's story "Epidemic" and, reveals the critical attitude of the author in the light of the info provided in the story. In this story, the symptoms and development of the epidemic observed in a pathless village Karlıbel, are revealed by making use of the possibilities of the letter type.

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Dış Göç Romanlarında Temel İzlekler

Author(s): Burak Çavuş / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

In this study, the novels published between 1960-1990 and dealing with the migration of workers to Europe were examined in a contextual context. The process of immigration has been examined within the framework of the basic lines in the novels, through the concepts of gastarbeiter (guest worker), auslander (foreigner) used in the identification and naming of immigrants and connotations attributed to Turkish identity was conducted. The argument is that how they are defined is effective in policies and approaches towards immigrants and that these policies and approaches are determinative in the literary process. At this point, the effect of naming definitions on us and the other relationship within the framework of migration has been focused; there are inferences about the issue of migration and immigration through the novels examined on the basis of the relationship between society and literature. Among these, it has been determined that dominant problems such as discrimination, poor working violations, racism and marginalization are central to these works. Thus, the basic themes that constitute the migration literature, which is the aim of the study have been reached and the factors that are effective in transferring the sociological and historical reality have been brought the fore.

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Bâkî Divanı’nda Atasözü ve Deyimler

Author(s): Bülent Kaya / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2020

Sayings and idioms have an important place in oral culture. Starting from the first periods of Divan poetry, poems of poets who are influenced by the movement of localization in different centuries are often encountered with proverbs and idioms. Idioms, couplets are often used in metaphor and mystery art. In addition, other words, meaning is involved in meaning. Proverb and idioms are the elements that enrich the divan poetry and add flavor. XVI. In the poems of Bâkî, one of the most important poets of classical Turkish literature, the determination of proverbs and idioms is important in determining the elements that enrich the poet's poetry. This study is to reveal the verse of the poet in the use of proverb and idiom by giving the proverb and idioms which can be determined in the divan of the poet and reveal them.

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Hecrî Divânı’nda Şahsiyetler

Author(s): Musa Tilfarlioğlu / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 2/2020

Among the sources of classical Turkish poetry, human has an important place. In particular, statesmen, scholars, poets, philosophers and mythological and legendary figures who lived in the past and left traces on societies with good or bad traits, elders of religion and mysticism were frequently used by poets in classical Turkish poetry. In this study, Hecrî, one of the scholar poets who lived in the 16th century has included in his poems are examined and it is tried to find out how the poet uses these personalities in his poems and how they benefit from their stories.

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AHMED HİLMȊ VE GÜLZȂR-I TABȊʿAT ADLI DİVANÇESİ

Author(s): Pubeysa Porsuk / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 1/2020

Classical Turkish literature, which lasted approximately six hundred years in the historical development of Turkish literature, has trained hundreds of poets. One of these poets is Ahmed Hilmi. He served as a military clerk and passed away in 1899. Ahmed Hilmi, who is not a part of the literary history and is known to have lived in the 19th century, has a divan. There are 59 poems written in different forms of verse such as ghazals, kaside, kıt’a, free-standing, tahmis, muhammes, museddes. In his poems, he benefited from verses and hadiths through quotation. Like many poets, Hilmi used the proverbs and idioms in his poems. Concepts related to the beauty elements of the lover are often seen in the work. It is seen that the poet who uses the pseudonym Hilmi usually includes issues of love and Sufism. In this article, firstly information about the life and literary personality of Ahmed Hilmi, who is known to live in 19th century, is given. The poet's divan, shape and content, language and style are examined in terms of features and poems in Divançe are transferred to today's letters.

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Древногръцки образи в старата и новата турска литература

Author(s): Vejdi Hasan / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2020

The old Turkish literature is rich in figures of speech. They are predominantly from the Arabian and Persian literature. Besides them, the Turkish poems make reference to ancient Greek mythology characters, as well as representatives of the philosophy, astronomy and medicine, such as Aristotle, Pythagoras, Hippocrates, Aristotle, Socrates etc. They have left permanent footprint on the Classic Turkish poetry. Their presence manifests the cultural wealth of the Turkish literature. The new Turkish literature is also inspired by the Ancient Greek mythology and poetry. We meet the characters of Achilles, Icarus, Hero and Leander in a number of poems by different authors. The representatives of the new trend in the Turkish literature Yahya Kemal and Yakup Kadri are paving the way towards more detailed research of the Ancient Greek Mythology. According to Yahya Kemal it is a result from the influence of the Mediterranean civilization. In this way a base for new poetry is created. The ancient Greek mythology elements in the Yakup Kadri novels and also those in the poems of Melih Cevdet Anday, Sezai Karakoch and Ece Ayhan form a new direction in the Turkish literature.

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