Co znaczy straszyć? Próba analizy semantycznej

Author(s): Joanna Wołoszyn / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2016

The predominant goal of this article is to offer a semantic analysis of the conceptof frightening/scaring. To begin with, lexical units incorporating the verb straszyć aredistinguished and listed as follows: ktoś/coś straszy czymś, coś straszy gdzieś I, coś straszygdzieś II, ktoś straszy kogoś czymś and ktoś straszy kogoś, że_. Afterwards, two of the selectedunits are discussed in detail, namely – ktoś straszy kogoś czymś and ktoś straszy kogoś, że_. Theconducted analysis has shown that they describe two different types of fear – the literal feelingof being in danger, as well as the thought that something bad may happen. Furthermore,it has been discovered that despite the presence of the verb grozić (threaten) in a dictionarydefinition of the verb straszyć (scare), phrases ktoś straszy kogoś, że_ and ktoś grozi komuś, że_are not synonymous but rather hyponymous in nature. The aforementioned considerationsare followed by an attempt to define the examined sequences.

Medioonomastyka w ramach mediolingwistyki

Author(s): Mariusz Rutkowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2016

The paper shows how the basic foundations of mediolinguistics may constitute a possible theoretical background of analyzing the functions of proper names within the structure of the media broadcast.Słowa kluczowe: onomastyka; nazwy własne; media; lingwistyka; przekaz medialny

Gramatyka języka polskiego Adama Antoniego Kryńskiego

Author(s): Izabela Stąpor / Language(s): Polish Issue: 10/2016

Leksem apopleksja w historii polszczyzny

Author(s): Lucyna Agnieszka Jankowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

Apopleksja ‘apoplexy’ is a word of Latin origin which was used for the first time as a medical term probably in 1534 in a herbarium by Stefan Falimirz. Since then it has been continuously included in dictionaries. Over the period of its presence in Polish, it has been considered to be a medical term, which has been numerously evidenced in medical texts of various epochs and also by the fact that it was referenced in two medical lexicons which are important in the history of the Polish medical terminology: one of 1881, the other of 1905. However, these lexicons show that the term apopleksja had competition. Most probably, the lexeme apopleksja was used for the last time as a strictly medical term before the Second World War. Today it belongs to a group of archaisms in the medical terminology and has been replaced by the following terms: udar (udar mózgu, udar mózgowy) ‘stroke (brain stroke, cerebral stroke).’

Obraz diabła w polskiej i węgierskiej frazeologii

Author(s): Dorota Dziewońska-Kiss,Zsuzsanna Ráduly / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

In this paper, the authors present the linguistic image of the devil in Polish and Hungarian phraseological units. The analysis of the material shows that the cognitive basis of this concept is made up of several domains and conceptualizations. In both languages, the image of the devil is in most cases similar to and corresponds with human behavior but in some cases evidently differs, too.

CO SŁYCHAĆ W SŁUCHOWISKU, CZYLI O TECHNIKACH PRACY Z TEATREM WYOBRAŹNI NA ZAJĘCIACH JĘZYKA POLSKIEGO JAKO OBCEGO

Author(s): Anna Trębska-Kerntopf / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2011

The article describes 27 task-based techniques and strategies that were developed while analyzing literary works, and then applied to teaching Polish as a second language. A radio drama was used as the source material, and each technique is presented with an associated task and the description of results that can be reached with the use of the particular technique or strategy. The study demonstrated that activating techniques were the most effective in developing listening skills.

Czasowniki inchoatywne z prefiksem za- w języku bułgarskim i ich odpowiedniki w polskim i białoruskim

Author(s): Julia Mazurkiewicz-Sułkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 43/2005

В статье представлен анализ инхоативных глаголов с префиксом за- в трёх славянских языках: болгарском, польском и белорусском, а также показаны различия в распределении этих гла голов в отдельных семантических группах. В славянских языках наиболее продуктивным способом деривации форм инхоативной конфигуркции является префиксация, а префикс за- является типичым славянским инхоативным префиксом. Инхоативность в статье представлена не как один из способов действия, а как конфигурация двух видов - длителыюго и моментального моментальной доминантой.

Frazeologia polskich młodzieżowych tekstów literackich w nauczaniu Ukraińców

Author(s): Julia Dilna / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17/2010

Wzbogacanie zasobu słownictwa jest jednym z najważniejszych elementów dydaktycznych w nauczaniu języka obcego. Związki frazeologiczne jako nośniki funkcji „uzupełniania systemu nominatywnego języka i pomnażania zasobu synonimicznych środków leksykalnych” (Pajdzińska 1993: 17), a także funkcji ekspresywno-stylistycznej powinny stanowić znaczącą warstwę owego słownictwa.

Części mowy - problem syntaktyczny czy morfologiczny?

Author(s): Roman Laskowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/1981

The article attempts to demonstrate that the problem of parts of speech i.e. defining the functional classes of lexemes in a given language is not to be solved on the grounds of semantics or morphology. Consistent semantic classifications of vocabulary produce classes that have little in common with grammatical ( i.e. syntactic and morphological) features of lexemes.

Editing Slavic studies: selected approaches

Author(s): Grzegorz Koneczniak / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2016

The following study offers an editorial and e-editorial stance on “Slavic studies, ” seen externally as a field of research and found in publication titles. Advanced interactive and digital elements will be investigated on the basis of selected volumes and applications.

KRYSTYNA DŁUGOSZ-KURCZABOWA I JEJ BADANIA NAD HISTORIĄ JĘZYKA

Author(s): Ewelina Kwapień / Language(s): Polish Issue: 01/2018

This paper shows the research on the history of language conducted by Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa. Her interest in etymology, the grammatical system of Polish, in particular word formation, is mentioned. The discussions on various issues related to the Bible, especially the Biblical onomastics and Biblicisms functioning in the old and contemporary language, as well as philological analyses of the oldest Polish written texts and research on the old and disappearing vocabulary are presented in more detail.

SMUTAS

Author(s): Zygmunt Gałecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 04/2018

Przedmiotem zainteresowania w artykule – przypadkowo – stało się pochodzenie wyrazu smutas. Pan Jacek Fedorowicz, artysta satyryk, zauważył, że słowo smutas, którego nie lubi, pochodzi z połączenia przymiotnika smutny i pewnego innego słowa, które łatwo skojarzyć, gdyż kończy się na –as. Zatem, mówiąc uczenie, smutas byłby kontaminacją, czyli nie całkiem przypadkowym, bo opartym na skojarzeniu znaczeniowym, ale nie formalnym, skrzyżowaniem dwóch wyrazów.

КОНЦЕПТ МАТЬ В РУССКОЙ И ПОЛЬСКОЙ ЛИНГВОКУЛЬТУРАХ

Author(s): Jarosław Wierzbiński / Language(s): Russian Issue: 14/2017

The paper presents linguo-cultural analysis of the concept “mother” in Russian and Polish languages. The concept refers to the category of the basic concepts in both linguo-cultures. The observation of conceptualization of the picture of “mother” made it possible to establish the semantic field of the concept in question and the ways of its linguistic nomination. In the paper, there are also discussed similarities and differences between Polish and Russian perception of the picture of “mother”.

ВТОРО СЛОВО НА РОЖДЕСТВО ХРИСТОВО В РЪКОПИС НИМ24 - КОМПИЛАТИВЕН ПРЕВОД НА ЙОАН ЕКЗАРХ

Author(s): Maria Spasova,Kamen Dimitrov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 17/2017

The object of study hereby is The Second Homily on the Birthday of Christ as found in the two oldest Slavic transcripts in NIM24 and Zogr94. The homily is attributed either to John Chrysostom or to John the Exarch. The aim of the study, is through a comparison of the Slavic transcripts with the Greek text of the sixth homily on the Gospel of Matthew by John Chrysostom, to determine whether the Homily is a translation or a compiled work by John the Exarch. Based on the analysis of the grammatical peculiarities of the translation, found in the two transcripts, as well as through a comparative study of 105 rare lexemes, in the NIM24, a conclusion is drawn that The Second Homily on the Birthday of Christ is a compiled translation of selected excerpts, constituting 2/3 of the Greek text of the 6th sermon by John Chrysostom. The selection of the excerpts is made by the translator, who is also the editor and complier. In the process of translation, he had “welded” together the excerpts from John Chrysostom’s 6th Lecture with interpolated words, expressions, whole sentences and larger text entities. The translator and compiler is doubtlessly John the Exarch, and this is categorically proven by the lexical study of rare lexemes.

Славянские глаголы подводного перемещения: параллели и расхождения

Author(s): Kaname Okano / Language(s): Russian Issue: 3/2018

This paper examines the semantics and etymology of Slavic verbs with the meaning of underwater motion such as diving, immersing, sinking and drowning. The contemporary Slavic languages possess a certain number of verbal lexes describing underwater motion which are inherited from the oldest stratum of the Common Slavic and Indo-European lexicon (e.g. *nerti, *grǫziti, *roniti, *topiti, *daviti). Their semantics and distribution, however, differ partially or sometimes even totally in every contemporary Slavic language due to their own historical development and semantic changes. The main purposes of this paper are to demonstrate initial parallels and divergences in the semantics of the underwater motion verbs in the contemporary Slavic languages including some literary microlanguages such as Upper and Lower Sorbian and Vojvodina Ruthenian, and to shed the light on the patterns of their semantic changes. Great attention will be paid not only to the etymology of the verbs in question, but also to their semantic behavior and function in each lexical system.

Features of the text field of the First Psalm of Psalter in Czech and Polish tradition

Author(s): Tatiana Anikina,Lidia Grigorieva / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

This article is about comparing the transcriptions of Psalm 1 in Psalter into Czech and Polish. The Bible kralická, the Czech ecumenist translation, the translation of Fajman representing the Czech hymnological tradition and the transcriptions of psalms into Polish by Jakub Wujek, Jan Kochanowski and Czesław Miłosz are considered. The stylistic analysis suggests that the Hussite tradition is strong in Czech hymnology. The latter suggests utmost simplicity and accessibility of understanding of biblical texts. Polish tradition preserves the ambiguity of biblical word, and the associated ambiguity in interpretation of the nuances of biblical text. The arrangements of Kochanowski employ more complex metaphoricity and tend to clarify the text of the Psalm.

Využití paralelního korpusu v translatologii (na základě česko-polského InterCorpu)

Author(s): Andrzej Charciarek / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2019

This article is devoted to the use of the Intercorp parallel corpus in translation theory. In the research selected phrasemes have been used in order to show possibilities of using the parallel corpus in translation. Particular focus has been put on translation equivalence and its criteria with reference to the material from the parallel corpus. Also, the specificity of Czech-Polish and Polish-Czech translation has been described, which provided a context for particular InterCorp resources. The analysis indicated usefulness of the corpus-driven material in the search of adequate translator’s solutions. The article contributes to theoretical analysis related to the role of parallel corpora in the translator’s work.

Percepce výslovnostních chyb učiteli českého jazyka

Author(s): Jana Vlčková-Mejvaldová,Stanislav Štěpáník / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2019

Pronunciation is one of the basic characteristics of one’s speech culture. This teaching should lead to the development of speaking skills, whose part is also mastering the orthoepic norm. One of the preconditions of that is the teachers’ subject matter knowledge, their own practically mastery of Czech orthoepy. The paper brings the results of a study conducted with a sample of 148 teachers from Czech primary and lower- and upper-secondary schools which researched the teachers’ ability to detect pronunciation errors in a segment of continuous speech. The results indicate that the awareness of the orthoepic norm among Czech language teachers is rather insufficient, and that there is quite strong correlation between the teachers’ knowledge of the orthoepic norm and the pronunciation errors their pupils make.

LA TRADUCTION DES UNITÉS NON-STANDARD DANS L’ESPACE LITTÉRAIRE FRANÇAIS-UKRAINIEN

Author(s): Andriy Bilas / Language(s): French Issue: 3/2018

The article aims at describing the sociolinguistic problems of literary translation. Supported by recent studies, the analysis leads to concrete proposals of developing methods of translating non-standard elements of modern French literature into Ukrainian. The factors of non-standard elements adequate rendering in the Ukrainian translation of the French fiction text are determined.

L’IMPÉRATIF POLONAIS VERSUS L’IMPÉRATIF FRANÇAIS

Author(s): Renata Krupa / Language(s): French Issue: 2/2018

The Polish imperative and its French counterpart do not play the same role in the formulation of direct speech acts. In Polish, the imperative can express a wider range of values: from polite demand to categorical order. However, this is conditioned by certain parameters like language style, context, situation, intonation, profile of speakers, etc. In French, the possibilities of using the imperative in the exchanges are much more restricted and often reserved for the expression of brutal injunctions. Different socio-cultural norms impose different language usages.