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Göç ve Türkiye

Author(s): Ibrahim Sirkeci,Murat Erdogan / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 4/2012

Turkey has always been involved in international migration. Despite the fact that mass labour migrations began in the middle of the last century made Turkey appear as a source country, economic development and global changes turned the country into an emerging destination. These migration flows were influenced by political factors and ethnic conflict alongside the economic factors. The void in migration studies in Turkey will be more visible as the demand for migration analysis grow. This special issue of Migration Letters offer a set of selected papers on Turkey and Turkish migration published in the Journal in Turk-ish

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Ethnic nichingin a segmented labour market: Evidence from Spain

Author(s): Mikołaj Stanek,Alberto Veira / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2012

Using the Spanish National Immigrant Survey (NIS-2007) we identify the ethnic niches where workers from five main immigrant communities concentrate. We then implement logit models in order to assess how structural factors and human and social capital variables affect the odds of working in these niches. We observe that the strong segmentation of the Spanish labour market strongly favours the concentration of immigrants in certain occupational niches. Nevertheless, variables related to human and social capital still play a significant role in the placement of immigrant workers in different niches, all of which are not equally attractive.

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From shock absorber to shock transmitter: Determinants of remittances in Sub-Saharan Africa

Author(s): Raju Jan Singh / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2010

Workers’ remittances to developing countries have substantially increased over the past decade, both globally and in sub-Saharan Africa. They have been argued to be shock absorbers, increasing when home economies face economic difficulties and have been shown to alleviate poverty. During economic downturns, however, migrant workers are often the most vulnerable. As migrants lose their incomes or even their jobs, the global scope of the current crisis may turn remittances into a shock transmitter. Faced by this perspective, what can home countries do to shelter themselves? This paper investigates the determinants of remittances in sub-Saharan Africa and suggests some possible policy responses.

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Cumulative inertia or cumulative stress? Migration behaviour of Finnish graduates

Author(s): Hannu Tervo,Mika Haapanen / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2009

An interesting yet largely unstudied question regarding labour migration behaviour and residence duration is whether migration becomes more or less likely over time. This paper analyses the determinants of residence duration for Finnish graduates. Our results affirm the importance of cumulative inertia as a determinant of migration. The longer a person stays in a region, the smaller are the hazard rates of migration. However, for those graduates who moved to a new region during their year of graduation, the propensity for repeat migration is particularly high during their first three years of residence.

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Yearly quotas and country-reserved shares in Italian immigration policy

Author(s): Paolo Cuttitta / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2008

Regular immigration to Italy is based on a quota system setting annual ceilings to legal entries. Reserved shares are granted to single countries or categories of countries. Reserved shares have been increased; they are used as an incentive to obtain the cooperation of countries of origin in stemming irregular migration flows. The total quota of regular immigration has gradually increased too. Still, it does not fully respond to the growing demand of foreign workers on the labour market, and quotas seem to be used as crypto-regularisations rather than as an instrument for regulating legal entries.

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Einleitung: Die Geschichte der Arbeit in Südosteuropa – eine offene Forschungsagenda

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Einleitung: Die Geschichte der Arbeit in Südosteuropa – eine offene Forschungsagenda

Author(s): Ulf Brunnbauer / Language(s): German Issue: 72/2013

Nicht bloß die Industriearbeiter gehören zu den Verlierern der postsozialistischen Transformation in Südosteuropa, sondern auch die Geschichte der Arbeit(er). Stellte die Erforschung der Arbeiterbewegung eines der Leitthemen der kommunistischen Geschichtsschreibung dar, so generiert das Thema Arbeit heute nur wenig Interesse unter den Historikern Südosteuropas.

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Refugee Policy is a Realist’s Nightmare: The Case of Southeast Asia

Author(s): Lee Chen / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2006

Although Southeast Asia has experienced one of history’s most complex and massive displacement of populations during the Indo-China crisis, it remains one of the least advanced regions in terms of refugee law and practice. This paper explains the region's compassion fatigue towards refugees. States’ responses to refugee protection are limited by a prevailing sense of sovereign rights and communalism in the region, and the primordial need to safeguard national interest and state security. Other factors include lessons from the Indo-Chinese exodus, the underdevelopment of some economies, and a general poor record of human rights in the region.

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New figures for old stories: Migration and remittances in Nepal

Author(s): Siddhi Manandhar,Michael Kollmair,Bhim Subedi,Susan Thieme / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2006

Labour migration and remittances are major economic mainstays for Nepal’s economy. However, there is still insufficient documentation on scale and significance of this process. Estimations of migration figures suggest that real numbers are several times higher than official statistics show. Therefore this article contributes to the emerging debate of the last years comparing latest national statistics with own empirical data. The paper concludes that the total numbers of migrants calculated by the authors closely corresponds with official statistics, while amount of remittances seems to be higher indeed, highlighting once more that labour migration and remittances are an important mainstay of Nepal’s economy.

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International migration between Finland and the Baltic Sea Region

Author(s): Elli Heikkila / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2006

Immigration from the former socialist countries into Western Europe generally increased after the fall of the Iron Curtain. This was also apparent with respect to the Nordic labour markets and Finland where the share of immigrants grew from countries around the Baltic Sea Region. The main immigrant groups come to Finland from Sweden, Russia and Estonia. Immigration from Poland, Lithuania and Latvia has not played such an important role. This paper analyses the volume and integration of immigrants from the selected countries of Baltic Sea Region. Integration can be measured by their performance in the Finnish labour markets.

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Načelo ravnopravnosti i jednakosti kao socijalni cilj sa osvrtom na ravnopravnost polova kao milenijumski cilj međunarodne organizacije rada

Author(s): Ana D. Kostić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 1-2/2014

Prevention and prohibition of discriminatory treatment, which ensure the implementation of the principle of equality, are now regulated legally, but are the result of centuries of efforts to achieve full equality and respect for individuals. Employment and occupation are the key elements in guaranteeing equal opportunities for all and contribute strongly to the full participation of citizens in economic, cultural and social life in order to achieve their potential. Without equality between women and men in all domains of life one cannot talk about true democracy, otherwise at least half of the population of each country remains in a subordinate position.

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Czynniki wyznaczające mobilność społeczno-zawodową bezrobotnych

Author(s): Maksymilian Gajek,Iwona Mulicka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2014

The article presents a questionnaire research results conducted among unemployed of different age seeking for job. The goal of the questionnaire was to estimate selected factors determining social and professional mobility of the unemployed.

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UNEMPLOYMENT IN LUBUSKIE VOIVODESHIP AND THE DISTRICT OF ZIELONA GÓRA IN THE YEARS 2012-2014, WITH SPECIAL FOCUS ON GROUP 50+

Author(s): Magdalena Zdaniewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The article presents a brief theoretical outline of unemployment in Poland and includes statistical data on unemployment in lubuskie voivodeship and the district of Zielona Góra. The paper aims at showing the size of unemployment among individuals over 50. Also, it presents some measures that counteract the exclusion in the local labour market.

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REQUIREMENTS FOR EVALUATION OF NOISE IN WORK ENVIRONMENT

Author(s): Pavol Čekan,Zuzana Szabová,Michal Belčík,Jozef Harangozó / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2014

The article analyzes the legislative requirements related to evaluation of noise generated by working environment. Specifies to the detail particular activities within categories of work for which there are declared legislative limits of the standardized sound level LAEX,8h. It also briefly describes the work environment of the process welding from the perspective of noise exposure, whilst focus is on the determination of sound pressure values for the selected welding technology.

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Praca dobrem człowieka

Author(s): Waldemar Furmanek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

In various studies about pedagogy work literature, it is noted, as if in passing, that the work is a value. It's too important finding for contemporary pedagogy of work in order to be accepted without further elaboration and direction of research in this area. Humanistic pedagogy work assumes that work is a human good, good for his humanity relates directly to the issue indicating the axiological aspects of multidimensional work of the human person. In this text, I stay on that statement, I develop some only one thematic topic related to work axiological dimensions of the human person in order to show the new research fields of humanistic pedagogy work.

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Możliwość i użyteczność moralna kodyfikacji norm etycznych. Przegląd stanowisk etycznych

Author(s): Andrzej Klimczuk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

Today we observe popularization of elaboration of codes addressed to various social groups. However, it is reasonable to search for answers to questions about conditions of their design and possibilities of their practical use. This article aims to provide a critical review of the literature in the field of opinions specifically related to the issue of codification professional ethics. Article first describes meanings attributed to the concept of a code of ethics and basic ethical positions. Next review leads to a discussion on supporters and opponents arguments on codification standards.

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Identyfikacja czynników motywacji do pracy jako determinanty podnoszenia poziomu zaangażowania pracowników – przykład wykorzystania skali samooceny motywatorów do pracy

Author(s): Anna Góralewska-Słońska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

The work motivation is the core subject of the article. The concept of motivation, theory of motivation and work motivators are presented as the theoretical background in the first part of the article. Second part presents student research results identifying work motivators. Participants were employees who, along the paid work, made an effort to gain new competences, knowledge and skills. The meaning of subjective work motivators is described.

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Wybrane aspekty funkcjonowania mężczyzn w zawodach sfeminizowanych

Author(s): Anna Dudak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article offers theoretical discussion of feminized professions and the situation of men in occupations dominated by women. Moreover, it presents the results of the research concerning men’s motivation for choosing the most feminized professions, such as nurse, teacher, librarian or social worker. The article emphasizes the necessity to depart from the stereotypical perception of men working in female professions due to, among others, the changing attitude of men towards familial and professional roles, and the possibility to find fulfillment in the areas of life so far unavailable to men because of strong sex-based stereotypes.

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Zjawisko NEET, czyli o młodzieży trzy razy nic

Author(s): Ewa Krause / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The NEET phenomenon is one of the major social problems that require intervention in most European Union countries, including Poland. The proportion of young people belonging to the group, which is characterized, among others, as the three times nothing generation (not working, not studying and not undertaking any training), has ceased to be in fact negligible. It is for this reason that this category of the youth, finding themselves in the most difficult situation on the labour market, has recently aroused growing interest. Therefore, a definition of the phenomenon, classification regarding this group of young people - the characterization of its representatives, factors that increase the chances to qualify as a member of this generation and contribute to the occurrence of this phenomenon, as well as the consequences - economic and social costs generated by this generation, and the individual consequences of being a NEET, have been presented in this study.

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Praca zawodowa nauczyciela andragoga w kontekście etycznym

Author(s): Dariusz Zając / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article is an attempt to capture rudimentary, in the author's opinion, issues related to the ethical side of adult educators' professional work. It is important especially for this reason that the nature of their work cannot be devoid of the ethical element, which largely determines the peculiar dimension of professional activity of teachers of adults, even by virtue of entering by them into numerous interpersonal relationships with adult learners. The text focuses on adult educators, the essence of their work in terms of ethics and the ethical dimension of professional work of teachers of adults, as well as the characteristics of some of its basic elements.

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Poziom kwalifikacji pracowników a aktywność innowacyjna przedsiębiorstw przemysłowych w Polsce Wschodniej

Author(s): Katarzyna Szopik-Depczyńska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Knowledge, innovation and entrepreneurship tailored to the needs of the organization, skills and qualifications of employees are building the competitive position of companies in the market. On the other hand, identification of suitable conditions of innovation processes in organizations enable the acceleration of processes creation, absorption and diffusion of innovation. The main purpose of this article is to present the results of a study on the impact of employees’ qualifications on innovation activity of industrial enterprises in Eastern Poland. The main hypothesis of the research is the claim that innovative activity of economic entities is subject to a number of determinants affecting it, and the level of qualifications of employees can affect innovation activity in multidirectional way. The survey questionnaire was attended by 1067 industrial enterprises operating in Eastern Poland, which includes regions: Warmia-Mazury, Podlasie, Lublin, Świętokrzyskie and Podkarpackie. In order to determine the impact qualifications on innovation activity of industrial enterprises, probability theory was used – probit models. The article is a continuation of research and publications associated with the innovation activity in enterprises and is a part of a series on determinants of innovation activity of industrial enterprises in Eastern Poland.

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