The Dark Legacy of the South

Author(s): Miglena Ivanova / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

The article analyses the communities of memory of the Bulgarians and Gagauzs so as to reveal the recollection of the 1946–47 Soviet famine. Besides, the author outlines the related actors, politics of memory and particular processes of victimization. Special attention is also paid to the memory work providing for the remembrance, re-evaluation and re-inscription of famine-driven instances of cannibalism.

Visual Images of Natural Cataclysms in Bulgarian and German 19th and 20th Century Collections of Postcards (Photographs, Cartoons, Press Illustrations)

Author(s): Margarita Kuzova / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

The paper deals with a range of problems unknown in Bulgarian art theory and ethnology and fills in a substantial void in the sphere of popular visual culture. The main object of attention of this study will be visual materials of natural catastrophes (earthquakes, floods) recreated in illustrated postcards and photographs from the late 19th and the first half of 20th century available in (private and state) collections. This presupposes an interdisciplinary approach and determines the need of resorting to a range of methods applied in the fields of ethnology, anthropology, and art history. A main emphasis has been laid on the functioning of the image of the disaster in a different cultural, historical and political environment. The interpretation and assessment of the illustrated postcards from the end of the 19th and the early 20th centuries as a reflection of culture are in their initial stage not only in Bulgaria but also across the world. The postcards document the social experience of generations in various spheres of everyday life which appear trivial also in extraordinary situations and natural cataclysms.

Project “Skopje 2014” – “À la recherche du temps perdu”

Author(s): Piotr Majewski / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

The development of the urban renewal project “Skopje 2014” has evoked one of the most controversial debates over public issues in the short history of the Macedonian Republic. It has divided Macedonian citizens into national, religious, and social counter-formations. The major dispute runs along the most important identity narrations on the contemporary Macedonians ethnogenesis. It additionally overlaps with the political preferences of the parties in dispute, as well as their national attachments, religion, and stance they take on the subject of public space and its architectural function. Elite groups – politicians, architects, scientists or publicists – play a key role in the conflict, even though “casual” citizens take part in this dispute by either supporting, negotiating or opposing the development of the project. The main goal of this article is to examine some specifics of state architectonic practices in post-socialist Macedonia. I would also like to analyse disputes that accompany these practices and present the interrelations of the conflict and its culture modelling potential. This article summarizes four years of my research based on intensive ethnographic fieldwork, which covered the period from 2009 to 2013. Other data was acquired through research of media sources.

Conversions, Work, and Family Relations

Author(s): Raluca Mateoc / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

This work aims to depict the specific themes through which some Romanian rural Roma self-identify through narratives. Mainly, it aims to reveal the meanings they attribute to conversions, work, and family relations within their life stories. By examining these meanings, this article will discuss the shifting identities of the interviewed subjects – their self-identities as well as the identities of their micro-groups. This study will also propose an analysis of the self-defining labels that the subjects use within interview situations, and will differentiate between the contexts in which the labels Roma or Gypsy are used.

A Lifetime of Crisis

Author(s): Nataša Mišković / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

This paper explores the traumatic experiences of Stevo, a Serbian-Orthodox peasant, and his coping strategies as revealed in his autobiography. Stevo wrote down his experiences at the young age of thirty in the years after World War II. The critical events in his life had various causes: poverty, family conflicts, migration, political convictions, communal unrest, deportation, and war. In his first 30 years of life, however, Stevo experienced more trauma than most people do in an entire lifetime, and these traumas are additionally closely entangled with the history of Yugoslavia. Carefully contextualised and combined with further written and oral information about his family, Stevo’s life story constitutes an excellent case for an historical-anthropological lifeworld study that demonstrates how macrohistory influences microhistory, and vice versa.

From Çorlu to the Syrian Desert and Back

Author(s): Dobrinka Parusheva / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

This text aims to present and analyse how one young Armenian experienced the ups and downs of everyday life at the time of his deportation and the massacres of World War I. The discussion revolves around the memoirs of Yerimya Artin Kevorkyan (written in 1960 in Bulgaria, in Turkish, using the Armenian alphabet). Approaching the narrative from the point of view of practice theory, I seek to show how one young man of Armenian origin did not plan his actions according to explicit rational and economic criteria but instead followed an implicit practical logic.

Daily Life of a Displaced Museum

Author(s): Ana Popović / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

This paper focusses on the ways in which the Museum of Perast functioned in the period after the 1979 earthquake, which could be seen as a Time of the Museum without Museum. Most of the historical and cultural monuments were damaged, which resulted in the establishment of institutions and the creation of laws for their restoration and protection. In 1984 the Museum was closed for restoration, which resulted in the museum artifacts being stored in the Kotor Historical Archives and the Municipality office building as well as in the storage of the textile factory “Jadran” in Perast. The museum staff continued to work in the Kotor Municipality building, collecting and classifying the museum artifacts and their documentation.

“These Days, when a Belgrader Asked: ‘How Are You Doing?’, the Answer Is: ‘I’m Waiting’.”

Author(s): Elisa Satjukow / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

On the evening of the 24th of March, 1999, the first air strikes hit multiple targets in the Federal Republic of Yugoslavia. The “Operation Allied Force” had begun. The air raids lasted for 78 days. During this time, everyday life in the Serbian capital was reshaped by the bombardment. This not only affected the infrastructure of the city, but turned its inhabitants’ days and nights upside down. People were helplessly waiting for the war to end. But simply waiting cannot fill a day – waiting for the next alert, for the electricity to come back on, for the bombs to stop falling – was not enough to fill the long days. Suddenly the normally busy urbanites found themselves confronted with new tasks and had to create new routines. The Milošević regime was aware of these needs. It used the “state of exception” (Agamben 2004) to further and deepen its own propagandistic imperatives of national unity and to advertise the necessity of the “war of defence” within the nation. The state started to offer a wide range of events that not only entertained its citizens but also created forums for them to meet and to “unite” against the enemy. Beyond the state-prescribed cultural events, numerous efforts sprang up throughout the city to maintain a social and cultural life. This paper will tell of the diverse ways in which the people of Belgrade spent their time between and during the air raids.

A Women’s Performative Calendar as a Strategy for Dealing with “Absence”

Author(s): Magdalena Sztandara / Language(s): English Issue: 19/2016

The article analyses the phenomenon of a calendar that seems to be an integral part of national and local identities. A calendar exposes dominant ideologies and refers to a specific construct of the past: collective memory and the practice of commemoration. Activists of Serbian feminist and anti-militarist organisations, called the Žene u crnom (Women in Black), “contest” the existing calendar and attempt to expose the processes hidden in the present scenarios of cultural memory: ethno-nationalisation and simultaneous patriarchy. Female activists are trying to bring their own alternative calendar into the public discourse. They have celebrated “new dates” through protests and demonstrations on the streets, which represent a usage of the fundamental tools of drama and performance. Introducing performative reflection carries another benefit: We can discuss the strategies of constructing the calendar as well as issues related to the strategies and tactics of collective action, namely those of intervention in social reality.

РОЗВИТОК САМОЦІННОСТІ ОСОБИСТОСТІ В КОНТЕКСТІ ВІЛЬНОГО ЧАСУ

Author(s): Ludmila Evgenievna Prosandeeva / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

The article presents a theoretical analysis of the problem of self-worth individual in the space of free time. A content of the concept of "self-worth individual" is analyzed and the conditions of its development in the process of the leisure activities are justified.

ПОНЯТТЯ "УКРАЇНСЬКЕ НАЦІОНАЛЬНО-КУЛЬТУРНЕ ВІДРОДЖЕННЯ" ТА ЙОГО ЗВ'ЯЗОК З ДІЯЛЬНІСТЮ КЛУБНИХ ЗАКЛАДІВ

Author(s): Oksana Zhalyuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

This article clarifies the meaning of "national and cultural revival of Ukraine". The role of club type establishments is defined, the meaningful and functional characteristics of their activities in the implementation of the three directions of Ukraine’s national – cultural revival are given. They are folk – ethnographic, linguistic – cultural and state. On this basis the new concept of the club type establishment is proposed in the current socio-political conditions, which determines its functional sociocultural activities in the process of national revival.

МИХАЙЛО КАРАСЬОВ ПРО ПІДТЕКСТ К. СТАНІСЛАВСЬКОГО

Author(s): Ivan Soroka / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

The article reveals the essence of the concept of "illustrated subtext" of Stanislavsky on the book "Stanislavsky and stage speech" by M. Karasev. We prove that the authors (Stanislavsky and Karasev) consider subtext solely as illus-trated – the transfer of ideas and visions from their experiences. We show that the authors did not catch the contradiction between the "illustrated" subtext and subtext of continuous action, subtext of goal pronunciation. "Illustrated subtext" is defined as out text vision of the whole complex of sensations, is initial, preparatory process, not the actual sound.

ВАРІАТИВНІСТЬ У КІНО ЯК ВІДПОВІДЬ НА ВИКЛИКИ ПОСТМОДЕРНІЗМУ

Author(s): Ivan Kanivets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

This article, in historical perspective, analyzes the appearance of variability in cinema, its causes and the relationship of this phenomenon with the appearance and development of postmodernism. Variability is seen as aThis article, in historical perspective, analyzes the appearance of variability in cinema, its causes and the relationship of this phenomenon with the appearance and development of postmodernism. Variability is seen as aThis article, in historical perspective, analyzes the appearance of variability in cinema, its causes and the relationship of this phenomenon with the appearance and development of postmodernism. Variability is seen as a dramatic aspect of directing and screenwriting work. Studying the history of evolution of the protagonist character, the article, basing on different movies, shows how variability sought a place in the arsenal of director`s methods and how appeared its relationship to postmodernism. Article shows the way for the director's latest methods based on postmodernism esthetics to be used in a popular cinema. Finally it concludes that variability is the most natural response to the challenges created by postmodernism philosophy to contemporary art of cinema.

"ЦИФРОВИЙ СУВЕРЕНІТЕТ" У СУЧАСНОМУ СВІТІ: ВИКЛИКИ ТА МОЖЛИВОСТІ ДЛЯ УКРАЇНИ

Author(s): Dmitro Dubov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2015

The article deals with providing "digital sovereignty." The article analyzes the key problems of building a "digital sovereignty" of the Ukrainian state and the necessary conditions for this. Were analyzed by two dominant scenario of building a "digital sovereignty". First, conditionally, based on the object-oriented approach and the implementation of the classical Westphalian system in the digital world. The second – is based on the concept of "corporatized sovereignty" and is focused on the formation of the necessary institutional, organizational and economic mechanisms. It is concluded that it is appropriate to strategically build "digital sovereignty" Ukraine on the basis of the second scenario.

Pema e botës (Sipas disa shembujve të përrallave tona fantastike)

Author(s): Izaim Murtezani / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 46/2016

In this scientific study, there is assumed to be provided data that are dedicated to the mythical world tree, but within the content of the Albanian tales. Given the specific poetics of the tale, also the motive associated with the world tree has undergone certain modifications.The world tree, within the tale, is moved to the outskirts of the underground world, but has preserved within itself the conflict between the serpent (which is related to the root of the tree) and an eagle (associated with the branches of this tree). This conflict, in the spirit of the poetics of the fantastic tale, is of the microcosm and simultaneously anthropocentric size, as the hero in the quality of the human being is the one that prevails over the serpent, unlike the narrative structure of the myth in which the conflict is of the macrocosm size and is developed between beings with supernatural powers that represent two antagonistic principles, namely that solar and lunar.

Disa aspekte të psikologjisë popullore për fejesën tradicionale ndër shqiptarë, pasqyruar në krijimtarinë gojore

Author(s): Miaser Dibra / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 46/2016

The article aims to bring a scientific opinion on the engagement typology among Albanians, as the first phase and very important one in traditional wedding ceremony. The paper is based on field knowledge and on the use of scientific publications of different times by specialized individuals and institutions in Albania and beyond its national borders. The attention is focused on the role of individual protagonists, the boy and the girl related to engagement, on the role and the absolute dictate of the first tribal, the father, and the spiritual relation with mother, who was the image of the girl's future, who was expected to become a bride. The paper brings ethnological and folklore facts from various regions where Albanians live, and it turns out that, with minor changes in the village or town, south or north, Christian or Muslim, essentially is the same psychology. Attention is paid to the creation of new connections and alliances that reinforced the tribe, the demand for good economic condition of the family which was seeking the bride, for the overall value of their moral and civic, and were showed very little attention to the two young protagonists.

Rreth termave “primitiv” dhe “arkaik” në etnologji

Author(s): Bashkim Lajçi / Language(s): Albanian Issue: 46/2016

In this paper there is assumed to be provided data relating to the use of the terms "primitive" and "archaic", as terms that were widely used in the field of ethnology. Although the terms in question were the product of evolutionary school, they were also a topic of discussion and treatment of other schools, which contributed to a better understanding and to a better use of them. Over time, both of these terms, and in particular the term “primitive", has obtained a certain meaning of quality towards our culture: something that is primitive, which is worse and lower than historical civilizations.

Lamartine dans les Balkans

Author(s): Madalin Alexandru / Language(s): French Issue: 6/2014

The historical and political context in which Lamartine began its journey to the East was considered as parallel events in Europe and the Muslim world from the time of the Revolution of 1789 until about the departure of Lamartine in the East. Lamartine became aware of the situation of the Ottoman Empire during his trip to the East. He seized on the spot the ethnic chaos that was then the Ottoman Empire. Lamartine reflects on the role that France could play against the agony of the Ottoman Empire. The stages of the journey partly correspond to those of Chateaubriand (Greece, Palestine, Constantinople), but Lamartine added Syria (including current Lebanon), where it remains several months and he returned by horse through Bulgaria, Serbia and the Austro-Hungarian Empire. The famous "Eastern Question" is the term used in France to describe the involvement of various European powers (mainly France, England and Russia), due to the difficulties of the Ottoman Empire in the Eastern Mediterranean and Balkan Europe. This is, in fact, the question of the fate of the Ottoman empire in dismemberment, which is the subject of the concerns of the major European powers: Russians want to control the Balkans, the English wish to protect their commercial interests by controlling isthmus between the Mediterranean and the Indian Ocean, the French keep their privileges in the Levant.

Ерос, лепо, секс, без љубави

Author(s): Lidija D. Delić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 159/2016

Друго име – Вечити младожења Јакова Игњатовића у светлу квир и кемп теорија

Author(s): Igor Perišić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 159/2016