Разбираме“ ли езика? Защо трябва да членуваме?

Author(s): Mariana Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2020

Knowledge of the norm is not a claim, but a fundamental communicative intention of the linguistic personality. Our ability to express ourselves and to be understood, to understand others as they express themselves is a function of language proficiency and its norms and stays as a proof of this. The culture of our linguistic consciousness means mastering literary norms. Definitiveness is a grammatical phenomenon that requires a profound and categorical analysis which to become a methodology of linguistic consciousness. The science of language should here most of all answer the question “why?” Answers to the questions “what” and “how” we are using noun determiner are not sufficient for the linguistic personality

Опазване и популяризиране на културно-историческото наследство в областта на фолклора през опита на СУ „Добри Чинтулов“, град Бургас

Author(s): Galina Lukanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Safeguarding cultural-historical heritage is of key importance for the preservation of national identity. The Bulgarian school has always been one of the main pillars in this process. The dynamics of changes in the resent years has led to alterations in school curricula, to shift of priorities, and construction of new school disciplines and educational profiles. This article observes the introduction of specialized classes of students of Bulgarian musical folklore at the Dobri Chintulov Secondary School in the city of Burgas, and delineates their development over the years.

КЊИЖЕВНА СОЦИЈАЛИЗАЦИЈА И НАСТАВА КЊИЖЕВНОСТИ

Author(s): Marina M. Petrović Jülich / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 71/2020

Im Schulsystem sollte die Literatur nicht nur durch traditionelle Verfahren–Frontalunterricht und analytische Verfahren, die durch Frage (der/die Lehrende) und Antwort (der/die Lernende) vermittelt werden. Vielmehr musste das in unserer multimedialer Zeit auch auf andere Weise geschehen, die handlungs- und produktion- sorientiert sind und andere Medien nicht ausser Acht lassen (Film, Musik, Hörspiel, Computer). Um den Ist-Zustand im intitutionellem Literaturunterricht zu beleuchten, wurden unter einer Gruppe von 10 Germanistikstudierenden qualitative Untersu- chungen durchgeführt und die durch Interwievs gewonnenen Daten analysiert. Das Ziel der Untersuchung war es, nicht nur den Ist-Zustand zu untersuchen, sondern auch Vorschläge für die Änderung der Unterrichtspraxis zu geben.

За ранните преводи на разказите на Йордан Йовков и тяхната рецепция в полския културен контекст

Author(s): Galia Simeonova-Konach / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

This article is devoted to the first translations of Yordan Yovkov's stories in Poland and some problems related to the reception of translated literature in a foreign cultural environment. The works of the Bulgarian writer in the mentioned period were published in Polish magazines with an orientation towards the so-called women's topics. Their literary supplements published novels and short stories by the world's most famous authors at the time and were intended for adherents of women's emancipation, with broad intellectual horizons and good literary taste. The choice of specific works by Yordan Yovkov makes it possible to assess the literary reception and the dominant aesthetic norms in the host culture and literature. The article also analyzes the issues of language and poetics of the text, as well as the attempts of several generations of Polish translators to "overcome" the difficulties of the style and poetics of Yovkov's work.

South Slavic-Ukrainian Phonetic and Graphic Variability in Religious Monuments of the 14th–15th Century

Author(s): Inna Tsaralunga / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

As a result of the analysis of liturgical texts of the 14th–15th centuries created in the territory of Ukraine, expressive signs of interaction between the Old Bulgarian graphic and spelling system and the Ukrainian folk speech are recorded. Manifestations of the phonetic and graphic South Slavic-Ukrainian variability are associated with the following linguistic phenomena in the vocalism and consonantism of religious monuments: continuity of the former*ę,*’а and *Q; change of the initial *jе into о; transition of e into o after hushings and ц; reduction of и > ь before iotated vowels; confusion of unstressed и and е; development of sound combinations *tоrt, *tоlt, *tеrt, *tеlt; reflexes of sound combinations ър, ъл, ьр, ьл; hardening of р'; hardness/softness of hushing consonants; dissimilation and simplification of consonants; change of sound combinations *dj, *zdj and *tj, *kt . In the phonetic system of the studied monuments, the interaction of the traditional writing of that time and the local vernacular is observed, in particular, the phonetic features of the North Ukrainian and the South-West Ukrainian dialects are revealed. The study of the language of religious monuments taking into account the results of other research in the field of philology, paleography, theology has undeniable prospects for linguistic interpretation of church books with the definition of local language traditions of the time, their localization as elements of the Slavic written culture, resolving debatable issues regarding the formation, chronology and systematization of the church-written corpus.

Времето като абстракция – аспекти и проблеми на темпоралността в лингвистичните изследвания

Author(s): Encho Tilev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The focus of the present article is time as an abstract notion. It has various facets, including physical, philosophical, as well as others, and the linguistic aspect is connected to them. Time as a subject to linguistic description suggests a more profound analysis of the grammatical category of tense or even a study on a greater scale considering the functional semantic field of temporality. This paper discusses several major views on tense as a linguistic abstraction that has a status of a universal in Russian and Bulgarian linguistics.

Интертекстуални мотивни гнезда при интерпретация на темата „Обществото и Властта“ от учебното съдържание по литература за XI клас

Author(s): Stefka Karaivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

This article aims to interpret the intertextual motive nests on the Society and Government topic – part of the curriculum in literature for 11th grade, combining texts from compulsory and specialized training, module Dialogic Readings. The artistic interactions between the literary texts included in the curriculum and those that are outside it are considered in order to highlight the dialogic nature of literature as a special type of cultural significance. Based on the specific interpretive commentary are highlighted the leading problem-thematic lines, which would become the basis for effective educational work.

Писането на есе като компетентност. Какво и как оценяваме

Author(s): Alexandar Panov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

This article analyzes the problems that arise in the measurement and grading of writing skills in one of the main genres of school-level texts – the essay. After analyzing the current grading criteria according to the Bulgarian Ministry of Education and Science (MES), the author reaches the conclusion that an adequate and objective grading scale is possible only after we have clearly defined the criteria that constitute the competence of essay writing. The author’s main proposition is that this competence is dual in its nature – on the one hand, it is content-related, and on the other – communication-related. Neither of these two competences is defined clearly enough in the current educational criteria. The article describes in detail all aspects of the essay writing competence and offers a clear working algorithm. Hence the author offers the idea that an adequate grading scale can only be created if one follows the classic rhetorical scheme which describes the three main components of any discourse formation – inventio, dispositio, and elocutio. A practical measurement and grading scale is proposed. Its usage would grant two major advantages: it would allow the authorities to assess the students’ results adequately and objectively, and it would frame a clear and systematic working algorithm for the acquisition of essay writing skills. According to Bulgarian school programs, this competence is supposed to be taught for four entire years within the two high-school stages of the secondary education.

Новите учебници по литература за ІХ клас от съдържателна и дидактико-методическа гледна точка

Author(s): Valentin Stoyanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Through comparative and content analysis, the article discusses the ways in which Byron's poem "Don Juan" is presented in the new textbooks for ninth grade. Numerous explanations and references, as well as the unusual for the myth of Don Juan choice of the obligatory for study of Chapter VIII, require from the authors of the textbooks very careful handling of the scientific and didactic-methodical apparatus. When an approach in accordance with the literary experience of ninth-graders is not chosen, the study articles have a low informative value. The known discrepancies in the analyzed motives make it difficult to compile tests that can be correctly solved by students using different textbooks. In some cases the tasks from the methodical part do not create skills for independent learning, but require repetition of what is written in the theoretical part. Textbooks fail to realize interdisciplinary connections

Равнище на формираност на социолингвистичните и социокултурните компетентности на учениците в началния етап на основната образователна степен през погледа на родителите

Author(s): Teodora Valeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

A survey was conducted with parents of pupils in the primary classes in Bulgaria, which aims to study the parents’ opinions, attitudes, relations towards the formation of sociоlinguistic and sociocultural competences in their children.

Бонифас дьо Монфера и действията му на Балканите

Author(s): Nikola Dyulgerov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Planned as an expedition to liberate Jerusalem from the Muslims, the Fourth Crusade became a crushing weapon, destroying Byzantium and changing the fate of the Balkans. Its leader marquis Boniface of Montferrat was one of the people, who had the greatest influence in directing the pilgrims to Constantinople. Fulfilling his vassal duty to Philip of Swabia and pursuing his ambition to restore the lands and authority of his brothers in Byzantium, he set out for the East. A brave knight, an influential seigneur, an experienced military leader, but an unscrupulous and a cruel politician, he lost the “battle” for the imperial crown of Constantinople, but won Thessaloniki. There he set the beginning of a new crusader state, which covered the lands from the Rhodope Mountains to the Peloponnese peninsula. However, his eastern adventure ended tragically. Underestimating the force and the abilities of the Bulgarians, he lost his life in battle against them.

Модел на педагогическа технология за формиране на обществени и граждански компетенции

Author(s): Radostina Bojkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The main focus of the research is put on creating new pedagogy technology to form a public and civic competencies through the analysis based on the results of a study with students on the examined subject Man and society in 1st and 2nd grade, by increasing the role of the holistic approach in education and creating the new orientation in rapidly changing world with encouraging the students confidence and supporting them to adapt to a social environment.

Същност и класификация на електронните образователни ресурси и приложението на презентациите в учебните часове по „География и икономика“ и „Туризъм“ (гимназиален етап)

Author(s): Yordan Adolfov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The theoretical basis of the electronic educational resources is considered, in which selected resources are applied, which are applied in the education in Geography and economics and Tourism. What are ICT's and their application? This is the main task of any teacher who has many applicable multimedia technologies, each subject. Guidelines for preparation, result and evaluation by the audience for making presentations in certain subjects, in the fields of Geography and Economics and lessons in Tourism, for the high school stage are described. A survey was conducted with the opinion and assessment of the trained representatives. The final grade of the teacher's presentation was given by the students.

Образователните права на българката: извоюване и съвременни предизвикателства

Author(s): Petrana Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The importance of the Bulgarian woman in the public space from the Renaissance to nowadays is presented in the article. The woman was restricted to participate actively in the Christian world and school life during the Renaissance. She received equal rights to men in the public sphere only after 1944. The socialistic development in Bulgaria during the period from 1944 to 1989 had a great significance to the enlightenment of the whole Bulgarian nation, which also provided an unrestricted access of the women to the educational system. The development of the Bulgarian education has been marked by reverse process after the democratic changes. The „total crisis“ of the Bulgarian society leads to a significant shortage in the educational system. In comparison to the previous socialist period, lower indicators in overall population literacy can been observed. Gender inequalities in education are being fairly reduced. Bulgarian women have gradually conquered school environment and are being engaged in educational causes more often compared to men. However, in the contemporary Bulgarian society, the right to education continues to be a challenge in respect of various social groups.

Образование в устойчиво развитие и взаимодействие „дете – среда“

Author(s): Julia Doncheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

В новите книжки на научните списания на издателство Аз-буки четете

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

Мотивационен и етнокултурен потенциал на концепта вода в славянската езикова картина на света

Author(s): Maria Dobrikova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The first part of the article is focused on theoretical side of the process of idiom creation and on defining terms word motivation and idiom motivation. In the second part of the article the concept water is analyzed within the Slavic linguistic area from the aspect of imagery, mythology and ethnolinguistics. Special attention is paid to the motivation of creation and cultural-idiomatic information carried by non-verbal idioms with the structure of determinative syntagma, which contain the component water. Based on the analysis of the idioms, whose constant structural element is in addition to the noun water an attribute, it is pointed out that in several of them the function of the attribute is crucial, because the connotational-pragmatic constituent of an idiom binds precisely to that attribute, as for example in the case of жива вода or тиха вода units.

Глаголы и дополнения как модель описания содержания метапредметных компетенций в ожиданиях и представлениях участников рынка труда

Author(s): Sergey Vesmanov,Natalya Jadko,Dmitriy Vesmanov,Gurgen Akopyan / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The article presents results of studying how the labor market participants formulate the perspectives and expectations about the contents of metasubject competencies. The research was carried out in 2019-2020 by the Project Management Laboratory of the Moscow City University and was based on the methodology of the activity approach and qualitative research, using the methods of in-depth interviews and content analysis. Metasubject competencies were considered as a set of purposeful actions expressed in the speech of respondents by verbs (actions) and propositional phrases (goals/subjects). A six-step content analysis of data obtained during an in-depth interview shows that the expectations and perspectives of various categories of labor market participants about the contents of meta-subject competencies can be described by nine enlarged sets of goal-oriented actions denoted by verbs: 1) to adapt, 2) to interact, 3) to speak and write, 4) to achieve, 5) to compete, 6) to present, 7) to design, 8) to manage, 9) to learn. Within each set were defined verbal descriptions of actions, decomposed by adding a goal/object to each action. The results of the study allowed us to identify and present a verb-target model for describing the content of “metasubject competencies” at the conceptual level. At the practical level, the description of the content of metasubject competencies in the form of a verb (action) and propositional phrase (goal/subject of action) allowed us to show them as cross-cutting structural components of educational programs in the education system.

„Чёрные дыры“ в понимании – к вопросу об осложнении текста перевода в детском восприятии

Author(s): Edyta Manasterska-Wiącek / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2021

The aim of the article is to investigate the effect of vocabulary items that are difficult in reception on comprehension and evaluation of the whole literary text by children. Apart from focusing on ambiguous lexis complicating reception, the paper reflects upon the benefits of investigating such vocabulary in terms of translator education at the graduate level. The analysis was made on the basis of the Polish translation of the poem Мороз и морозец by S.V. Mikhalkov translated by L. Lewin. In order to compare the relationship between the text’s reception and the density of ambiguous vocabulary the author confronts the reactions of actual readers to the two translations – Lewin’s and her own. While the former is dense in ambiguous items, the latter is, on purpose, lexically simple. The participants of the study, children, were asked questions and involved in a discussion focusing on meanings of selected words and their impressions from the reception of the two translations. The interview led to conclusions on the influence of potentially ambiguous vocabulary on the actual reception of the whole text.

Христаки Павлович и неговите уроци по писмописание в „Писменник общеполезен“ (1835)

Author(s): Diana Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2021

The object of the research is one of the first two modern Bulgarian textbooks on letter writing – „Pismennik obshtepolezen“ („A Letter Writing Handbook of General Use“), 1835, by the prominent Revival pedagogue Hristaki Pavlovich. The book on letters is presented in the context of the cultural and historical situation in the second quarter of the 19th century, and from the point of view of the changes in the Bulgarian school, where new teaching methods and “modern sciences” were introduced. The article analyzes the theoretical part of „Pismennik obshtepolezen“, which contains instructions and rules for writing letters, and groups the types of letters and their components. Based on some statements by the author, conclusions are drawn about his views on ethical, social and pedagogical issues.