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Polityczne uwarunkowania "bolszewizmu" w etatystycznej polityce oświatowej III RP

Author(s): Bogusław Śliwerski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2015

Artykuł dotyczy podporządkowania pedagogiki i polityki oświatowej ideologii "homo sovieticus", która sprowadza je do służebności wobec dwóch ściśle powiązanych z sobą faktów: poddawania procesów edukacyjnych ocenie z punktu widzenia ideologii totalitarnej albo do narzucania w państwie ustrojowo demokratycznym - ideologii partii rządzącej. Wyjaśniam, dlaczego system zarządzania edukacją w Polsce nie zmienił się od czasów totalitarnych, socjalistycznych mimo transformacji politycznej i społecznej. Odsłaniam toksyczny charakter centralizmu szkolnego, który niszczy elastyczność, innowacyjność, suwerenność i profesjonalizm pedagogicznej pracy nauczycieli. Wskazuję zarazem na konieczność radykalnej zmiany w polityce oświatowej państwa oraz modelu kształcenia i wychowywania młodych pokoleń w szkolnictwie publicznym. The article presents the subordination of pedagogy and educational policy to the ideology of "homo sovieticus", which brings them into servitude to two closely interrelated facts: subordinating educational process to the totalitarian ideology and forcing the ideology of the ruling (dominating) party onto a constitutionally democratic country. The author explains why the system of management of Polish education has not changed since the totalitarian and socialism times despite the political and social transformation which took place in Poland and reveals the toxic nature of the school centralism, which destroys flexibility, innovation, independence and professionalism of teachers. Furthermore, he points at the need for a radical change in the educational policy of Poland, in the model of education and in ways of upbringing young generations in Polish state schools.

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Wybrane obszary edukacji w chaosie ciągłej zmiany w percepcji nauczyciela akademickiego

Author(s): Justyna Kusztal / Language(s): Polish Issue: 31/2015

Niniejszy artykuł jest wyrazem osobistego stosunku autorki do kategorii "niepokoje edukacji". Wokół tej kategorii teoretycznej budowana jest struktura tekstu opisującego wybrane obszary reformy systemu edukacji w Polsce. Po kilkunastu latach od wprowadzenia reformy nastał czas na jej ocenę, czego nie czyni autorka jednoznacznie, wskazuje jednak skutki permanentnej reformy edukacji, które dotykają ją bezpośrednio ze względu na rolę zawodową. Dlatego też kształcenie nauczycieli, obniżenie obowiązku szkolnego, kształt podstawy programowej kształcenia i wychowania, a także szkolny program profilaktyki i problem uczniów o specjalnych potrzebach edukacyjnych znalazły się w centrum zainteresowania autorki. Niepokój o stan edukacji opisuje autorka jako kategorię zdecydowanie negatywną, zagrażającą i powodującą opór i bezradność.The paper expresses the author's personal attitude to the broad category of 'educational concerns', which includes the reform of the education system in Poland. The results of the reform, introduced a dozen of years ago, can now be evaluated. The author does not attempt it, but points at these results of the permanent reform which directly affect her professional life, that is: teacher training, lowering the age of the beginning of compulsory education, the core curriculum, school prevention programmes and students with special educational needs. Educational concerns belong to the category which is definitely negative, threatening and leads to resistance and helplessness.

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Koordynacja działań w aspekcie wielokulturowości na rzecz poprawy bezpieczeństwa w szkołach i placówkach oświatowych

Author(s): Grażyna Miłkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2011

The issues of security in Polish schools and educational institutions are discussed in the article. The authoress, conducting different analyses of the discussed issues, tries to find answers to such questions as: Is Polish school secure? What actions should be taken to protect the schoolchildren against threats existing around school and directly within the school? What should be done to make pupils feel more secure at school? Who should be involved in cooperation on raising the feeling of security at school? Which category of the schoolchildren is most threatened with the loss of the feeling of security at school? The authoress discusses the issues of security of a child at school in holistic categories. The deliberations also concern Romani children at school and their influence on the feeling of security.

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Konieczność radykalnych zmian w systemie edukacji w dziedzinie zarządzania

Author(s): Lidia Włodarska-Zoła / Language(s): Polish Issue: 20/2011

In the article implications on manager’s education resulting from civilization changes were presented. Necessity of radical changes in the system of education in the field of management was supported by many arguments including labor market requirements and pending integration processes in Europe. Directions of those changes were illustrated which can either be observed already or are expected to appear in future.

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Czy nauczanie filozofii w Polsce jest kwestią polityczną?

Author(s): Maciej Woźniczka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 13/2016

The article is an attempt at describing the dependence of philosophical education in Poland upon the factors associated with a broadly defined political interaction. The first part is devoted to the place of philosophical education in educational politics. It includes indications related to the decisions of authorities, the impact of institutions and the relationship to tradition. The second part discusses the place of philosophical education in educational ideology. It draws attention to the consequences of Poland’s participation in the EU (e.g. the relationship to the idea of multiculturalism) and presents the proposed solutions both at the national and local levels. The third part addresses philosophical factors in philosophical education. It emphasises the difference between the religious educational profile and the profile based on philosophical premises. The article concludes with a proposal to reduce the impact of politics on philosophical education and entrust it to professionals to a greater degree.

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Testy szkolne i rekonstrukcja edukacyjnej rzeczywistości

Author(s): Agnieszka Aleksandra Gromkowska-Melosik / Language(s): Polish Issue: 41/2018

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The aim of the article is to reconstruct the ideological and social problem, as well as the cultural controversy about the growing importance of tests in determining the boundaries of modern neoliberal school reality and student identity. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main research problem can be formulated as follows: what is the role of tests in shaping the social structure and identity of young people? The starting point for answering these questions was the analysis of a representative literature on the subject, especially English-language. The methods of analysis are qualitative and are within the framework of social constructivism. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The process of the discussion consists of several stages: introduction to the problems related to the phenomenon of testing, reconstruction of selected contexts of the testing problem, analysis of the consequences of testing policy for socialization and selection processes, summaries and conclusions. The presented methods of argumentation avoid evaluating; they are definitely diagnostic. RESEARCH RESULTS: The article presents the specifics of two types of tests: diagnostic; on the example of PISA and selection tests; on the example of Chinese gaokao. The considerations were conducted around two most important categories determining the areas of analysis and interpretation – selection and socialization. It has been shown that the tests obviously serve to “sort” young people and determine their life chances, and also constitute a powerful selection mechanism, reproducing the social structure, but also creating channels of social mobility. On the other hand, it has been shown that tests shape the identity of young people. Thus, it can be stated that the selective function of tests (and more broadly – examinations) is realized through socialization in the preceding period. This happens both in the context of the (reduced) content of knowledge to which the assimilation of the test is compelled, and the construction of ways of thinking about learning / teaching, as well as thinking about educational success and shaping certain personality traits. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: Understanding the testing mechanisms as well as their role in the selection and socialization processes can serve as a starting point for pedagogical activities for a conscious and critical educational policy.

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The internationalisation of higher education in Uzbekistan: Some thoughts about Uzbek student mobility and spatial distribution of research cooperation

Author(s): Farkhad Alimukhamedov / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2020

This article focuses on the internationalisation of higher education in post-Soviet Uzbekistan based on two main areas: international student mobility and international research cooperation. The data extracted from the UNESCO Institute of Statistics (UIS), Web of Science (WoS) and Scimago helps to discuss about the challenges in internationalisation process.

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Koncepcja smart university na przykładzie Uniwersytetu Wrocławskiego

Author(s): Mateusz Bartoszewicz,Paula Wiśniewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 39/2021

SCIENTIFIC OBJECTIVE: The Authors intended to identify the convergence of the directions of strategic development of the University of Wroclaw with the determinants of the smart university concept. The objective was achieved by comparing selected categories of the smart university model with the assump tions of the IDUB project application prepared by the University of Wroclaw. The article answers the following research questions: To what extent do the planned activities included in the IDUB project fit into the smart university concept? Which planned activities characterized in the project deviate from the smart university concept? PROBLEM AND RESEARCH METHODS: The study was exploratory. Authors have applied a hybrid approach, related to the method of idealization and concretization. The following research methods were used: critical analysis, desk research, qualitative content analysis, structured interview technique and unstructured, anonymized interviews. EXECUTIVE PROCESS: The article consists of three parts: the first section explains the methodological assumptions of the research, the second section characterizes the issue – what is the concept of smart university. The third chapter describes the historical background and development potential of UWr, while the fourth part of the article contains the results of the analysis of IDUB application. The last chapter contains both: conclusion and summary. RESULTS OF THE SCIENTIFIC ANALYSIS: The content of the IDUB project application prepared by UWr explicitly includes elements, that con tribute to the formation of smart & internationalization based: [1] science, [2] didactics, [3] infrastructure, as well as improve [4] cooperation with the socio-economic environment and [5] improve university management. However, authors haven’t detected any clearly defined [6] tools for the implementation of pro-community activities that were not explicitly oriented towards “hard” indicative evaluation. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, RECOMMENDATIONS: The most probable reason for the failure to find clearly specified tools for the implementation of pro-community activities was the fact that the Ministry of Science and Higher Education did not foresee funds for this type of activities in the conditions of the competition. The analysis could be extended to the other nine (from ten) winning universities. Further research should also be conducted in the context of analyzing the mechanisms implemented under the IDUB project. In addition, an evaluation of the program will be necessary after 2026. A serendipitous result of the conducted research was the observation that the problem facing Polish universities “at the turning point” of the evolution of the liberal model into an entrepreneurial one – is the issue of inflexible management structures replicated for decades.

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Kilka propozycji do kwerendy nad dyskursem politycznym wokół problemów edukacji we współczesnej Polsce

Author(s): Monika Grodecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 40/2021

RESEARCH OBJECTIVE: The main objective of the article is to outline the analyses of political discourse devoted to the problems in education in contemporary Poland. THE RESEARCH PROBLEM AND METHODS: The main research problem is an attempt to answer the question: What concepts of education are formulated in Polish political discourse and what are their mutual relations? The study is conducted using the research methods of comparative analysis and discourse analysis. THE PROCESS OF ARGUMENTATION: The first part of the article presents the rationale for researching political discourse devoted to problems in education in contemporary Poland, while the second part describes the plan of the future in depth study, the theoretical foundations and the current state of knowledge on the analysed issue. RESEARCH RESULTS: The analysis of the existing subject literature reveals that so far the language of contemporary politics has been analysed in very few publications. Although this issue is particularly important from the perspective of the rivalry on the Polish political scene, it has not been subjected to an in-depth scientific reflection yet. CONCLUSIONS, INNOVATIONS, AND RECOMMENDATIONS: The article is an introduction to a further in-depth study on discourse analysis in the context of problems in education in contemporary Poland. The material for the study is provided by the events continuously taking place on the political arena, whose careful observation together with the analyses of the behaviour of discourse participants are a source of research inspiration in the field of linguistics and political science alike.

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Assessment Competence of Teaching Staff – a Factor in the Implementation of National Policy in the Field of School Competence Assessment

Author(s): Victoria Stratan / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2022

The article addresses the issue of assessment competences of teachers in the context of the reform undertaken in the Republic of Moldova at the level of educational policies related to the school competence assessment. The article examines the national normative framework; the educational policy documents underlying the assessment process in primary education are mentioned and analysed. The descriptors to be demonstrated by the teachers in the classroom assessment process, as well as the principles of andragogy, are listed here. The objective of this article is to analyse the main achievements of the national educational system at the level of educational documents and highlight the importance of training the assessment competences of teachers as an essential factor in increasing students’ performance.

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Сравнительный анализ систем общего образования в зарубежных странах: обобщение опыта изучения

Author(s): Polina A. Zaznobina / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2023

Education in the modern world plays an important role and its development is one of the priorities in many countries. Building a highly effective and high-quality system of general education will contribute to the progress of various spheres of activity of the entire state. The purpose of the research in the article is to conduct a comparative analysis of general education systems in countries such as Finland, Estonia, South Korea, China and Singapore. The study aims to identify their strengths and weaknesses, principles of construction and functioning of these systems, as well as their common and various features. The article used such research methods as analysis (an analysis of each system of general education of a separate country was carried out and certain characteristic features and features were identified), analogies (each system has common features that occur in each system and are fundamental for general education systems), the method of generalization (identification of general directions of development and current trends in these systems of general education), the historical method (the stages of formation of these systems and the influence of the historical development of the country on the organization of the general education system are considered), the comparison method (direct comparison of educational systems of different countries by the main indicators: goal setting, organization of the educational process, requirements for teachers and requirements for students). The general education systems of the countries studied were conducted according to 4 parameters: goal setting, teachers and teaching, the learning process, requirements for students. Based on the analysis carried out, it can be concluded that it is impossible to unambiguously determine which of the systems is the best and most effective, because each has its own positive and negative sides. One can observe a clear difference in the approaches to the organization of the education system of Western (Finland and Estonia) and eastern (China and South Korea) countries. In Western countries, a personality-oriented approach to learning is used. In Eastern schools, the vector of education is shifted towards educating a collective person, here the key value of education is the successful passing of the final exam. Singapore includes features of both the Western and eastern systems. At the moment, the features of the Western system are beginning to prevail in Singapore, such as an individual approach to learning, a shift in orientation from grades and competition among students to learning for their own sake, for the sake of knowledge.

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Mediation Principles in the Civil Society and Features of Their Application in the Educational Environment of Ukraine

Author(s): Anzhelika Sheremet,Tetiana Blashchuk,Serhii Ishchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

Aim. The main purpose of research presented in this article is to analyse mediation principles and features of their application in the educational environment of Ukraine. Methods. The study is based on the analysis of enacted regulations and their comparison in different countries, as well as information obtained from the study of literature, including works by authors of both legal and other social sciences where mediation is used as a means of compromise, including psychology, medicine, ecology, along with the use of tools and comments specific to the study of law. To study the prospects and effective application of mediation principles in the educational environment, sociological surveys of various participants of the educational process were conducted. Results. The results of study showed that certain types of mediation principles are applied in different countries taking into account the peculiarities of national legal systems. Notwithstanding, such principles as the rule of law, the principle of equality (equal rights) of the parties, the principle of voluntariness, confidentiality and mediator behaviour (independence and impartiality, trust and justice) are applied in most of the studied national models of mediation, consequently they can be called fundamental. The survey results have revealed the readiness of the educational environment to introduce mediation as a tool for resolving conflicts in the educational environment. Conclusions. The specifics of the implementation of mediation principles in Ukraine and their correlation with the principles of the judicial process require further research.

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Autonomiczny kontekst i wymiar szkoły wyższej w państwie — wybrane zagadnienia

Author(s): Renata Raszewska-Skałecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 334/2022

The characteristics of higher education institutions indicate the use of attributes of an administrative institution (as part of their fundamental activity and their administrative dependency relationship), as well as a public law corporation at the university-wide level (university community, student government, doctoral student government) and autonomy.

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Ígéretek és tények – a pedagógusbérekről és azok hatásáról

Author(s): István Polónyi / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2023

The paper examines how domestic teacher salaries and their state support have evolved over the past decade, including international comparisons. The paper then analyses the impact of wages on the demand for teaching careers, the number of applicants and entry scores. Finally, the paper looks at the characteristics of the EU grant project envisaged as a source of teacher pay increases, the size of the resource and the potential pay increase it could generate, and the specificities of such a pay increase. In conclusion, the paper concludes that the lobbying capacity of teachers is weak and that, as a consequence, teacher pay and teacher pay settlements are well deferred and far from being a top government priority due to short-term political considerations. However, in the long term, the prestige and esteem of teachers is crucial for the quality of education.

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A pedagógusok helyzetéről szóló adatok természete

Author(s): Péter Tibor Nagy / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 1/2023

Although the most important news of the year 2022/2023 is that some groups of teachers have started an active protest in response to the Orbán government’s education policy, social policy and budgetary behaviour, it is equally important sociologically to understand why the vast majority of teachers have not joined this movement. The answer can be found by looking at teachers and teacher graduates not only as employees, but also as fully embedded in society. The paper shows that sectoral statistics for teachers are more biased than their sectoral statistics for other strata because there is no significant countervailing force (e.g. a chamber, or a major ownership group, etc.) controlling the data collection - which is thus entirely at the service of the educational administration’s objectives. Sociology of the teacher stratum, which is intended to complement data collection from a school administration perspective, is also more biased than sociology of other strata, because researchers and teachers who do not identify with the roles of teachers expected by society systematically avoid responding, and the results of teacher surveys are more ‘self-fulfilling predictions’ than surveys of other strata. The solution is to draw inferences from teacher subsamples of non-educator-specific data surveys. The most important such repositories are the censuses, The publication of the 1869–1960 census tables on the Internet, while not objectively creating new data, has made existing data much more accessible. The 10% sample of the 1970–1990 census and the 2001–2011 census as a whole have recently become available, allowing us to describe the situation of each group of teachers with unprecedented detail.

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Assessing the State of Preservation After Adaptive Reuse: Three Historic Madrasas in Istanbul-A Case Study

Author(s): Zeynep Aytekin,Ruba Tamim Kasmo / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

Heritage buildings serve as witnesses to our past and the keeper of our shared values. While adaptive reuse stands as a sustainable method for effectively preserving and converting them into an active resource for the future, it must be supported by a thorough and multidisciplinary research in order to make informed judgments and implement appropriate solutions. The paper assesses the adaptive reuse of three historic madrasas in Istanbul and examines its impact on their preservation status. The selected madrasas are Mihrimah Sultan (1548), Şemsi Ahmed Paşa (1580), and Kılıç Ali Paşa madrasas (1588). The selected case studies are presented using data from literature, archival research, and field observations, and their adaptive reuse is evaluated using criteria established in the literature. According to the findings, adaptive reuse had a detrimental impact on the cultural significance of these valuable buildings.

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Aspects of Career Management and Success in Educational Organizations

Author(s): Sebastian Cristian Chirimbu / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2022

A modern educational institution should create the necessary conditions for the integration and development of the personal and professional competences of the teachers in order to obtain a successful career. In the current context of the educational system in the Republic of Moldova and Romania, the capitalization of human resources is a priority objective of the managers of educational institutions. The difficulties they face, the constantly changing educational reforms, the unpredictable and challenging situations are known partially or impartially theoretically and practically by teachers who are beginning to integrate into the institution, and the process of insertion from educational institutions is often not effective. We will analyse the characteristics of a successful career but also the motivation for achievement as an important component of the professionalization process, teachers thus tending to pursue challenging careers, complex enough, but not so difficult as to end in failure. Therefore, if professional motivation is an important endeavor, because it starts from the idea that a large part of everyone's life spends at work, performance denotes the achievement and ability of the teacher to respond to tasks and to be a model for those in the organization when it comes to involvement and responsibility.

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AN ANALYSIS OF THE DECISION-MAKING BEHAVIOR OF THREE INTERESTED PARTIES IN THE PROCESS OF PRIVATE UNIVERSITY EDUCATION REFORM

Author(s): Qijia Liu,Chunlong Xia,Ran Yi,Ran Xu,Yeong-Gil Kim / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

In response to the current situation in which an imbalance in educational redistribution has led to an inefficient and slow educational environment in the long-term, difficulty in satisfying the interests of subjects, and a lack of effective targeting of school policy measures, an SD evolutionary game model targeting educational reform, with schools, administrative institutions, and professors as the three parties, was established. Based on expected utility theory and Lyapunov’s first law, a feedback regulation simulation study was conducted on subjects’ decision making behavior. The research results show that: the evolutionary trajectory of the subjects in the game is affected by the redistribution of education funding benefits, but the evolution of the final system is in a state of stable equilibrium (push, reform, reform); the decision-making behavior of the pushing party plays a decisive role in the stability of the system, and if the education subsidies of university professors and the income from the value of research results are greater than the education subsidies before the education reform, evolution over time is conducive to prompting the professor group to prefer the education reform strategy, while the effect of school push on the stability of the educational reform system is significant in schools with lower returns on the value of research funding.

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HYDROGEN VALLEY AS A HUB FOR TECHNOLOGICAL COOPERATION BETWEEN SCIENCE, BUSINESS, LOCAL GOVERNMENT AND NGOS. AN OVERVIEW OF APPROACHES IN EUROPE

Author(s): Andrzej Majka,Michał Klimczyk,Kamil Kucharski,Jagoda Muszyńska-Pałys / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2023

Considering the deepening geopolitical and climate crisis, more attention is systematically being paid to the development of alternative energy technologies. It is important to note that economically important energy sovereignty can be achieved through methods that simultaneously meet climate neutrality objectives. Therefore, the current period is a historic opportunity to enable the development of green, renewable energy, as this has comprehensive justification. In the ongoing circumstances, one of the fastest growing branches of science and economy is hydrogen technology. Numerous hydrogen projects of varying territorial scope are being developed in Europe. They are characterised by different organisational approaches. Therefore, the authors have undertaken to review and evaluate different hydrogen valley concepts using the SWOT method. The conducted work reviews leading Euopean hydrogen projects and identifies the strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats of different types of hydrogen valley organisational concepts. The results of the work carried out will support the construction and development of new hydrogen valleys, which, in line with the objectives of the European Union, will be systematically created in the coming years.

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LEGAL BASIS FOR COOPERATION BETWEEN HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS AND THE SOCIOECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT - OPPORTUNITIES OR BARRIERS FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF RELATIONS BETWEEN UNIVERSITIES AND EXTERNAL PARTNERS

Author(s): Aleksandra Syryt / Language(s): English Issue: 17/2023

Higher education institutions (HEIs) operate in a specific legal, economic, and social context. Therefore, both areas of their activity, i.e., education and research, must consider the current needs of the socioeconomic environment. In this way, higher education institutions can fulfil their mission: providing top-quality education and scientific activity, shaping civic attitudes, participating in social development, and creating an innovation-based economy.Cooperation between universities and the socioeconomic environment is not a new phenomenon. The formation of the concept of the university confirms that certain political, economic, and social conditions influenced what universities were like. It has not changed, and issues concerning cooperation with external stakeholders are increasingly included in normative acts constituting the higher education system. The article will present basic legal solutions within the sources of generally applicable law concerning the cooperation of higher education institutions with the external partners in Poland and selected countries.At the same time, an attempt will be made to answer the significance of the presented legal solutions for shaping the relations of higher education institutions, especially universities, with external stakeholders. The article is based on a literature review. It focuses on cooperation models as well as opportunities and barriers to developing relations between universities and external partners. The methodology used in the study includes searching relevant databases, applying inclusion and exclusion criteria, extracting and synthesizing data, and analyzing and interpreting the synthesized information. The review includes foreign and Polish literature to ensure a fuller understanding of the national context. The proposed approach has not yet been the subject of detailed analysis in the literature, especially in higher education law.

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