Ars moriendi kao ars vivendi u svjetlu kršć anske vjere

Author(s): Tomislav Smiljanić / Language(s): Croatian Issue: 43/2015

U današnjem postmodernom i postmetafi zičkom vremenu govor o umiranju i smrti, a s njime nužno povezan govor onda i o trpljenju i patnji, ne samo da je nepoželjan i neprimjeren, nego ga se nastoji pod svaku cijenu izbrisati i iz čovjekove misli i govora, iako je smrt sastavni, svakodnevni dio naše svakodnevnice, i ona se događa na svakom koraku, do te mjere da mediji zabilježe i prenesu svaku nesreću bilo kojeg oblika u kojoj se dogodila smrt. Čovjek znanstveno-tehničke civilizacije ježi se od pomisli na smrt i svaki govor o njoj nastoji eliminirati iz svog svakodnevnog življenja. Dok je srednjovjekovni čovjek, pa i onaj renesanse i humanizma usmjeravao svoj život prema načelu ars vivendi kao ars moriendi, i onda u trenutku smrti doživio ars moriendi kao ars vivendi, čovjek 19. i 20. st. više ne prakticira ovu dijalektičku napetost između umijeća življenja i umiranja. Znatan doprinos promijeni ove svijesti i mentaliteta donijela su otkrića i spoznaje prirodnih i tehničkih znanosti, koje su napredovale nezaustavljivim tijekom od 19. st. pa sve do danas. One su obećavale čovječanstvu spasenje i oslobođenje od svih prirodnih ograničenja, materijalni napredak i odgovore na sva pitanja koja su mučila čovječanstvo od postanka. Svojim lažnim sekularnim soteriologijama i eshatologijama osiromašile su čovjekov tubitak i izbacili ga na još veću moralno-etičku pustoš čijoj se krizi ne nazire kraj. U takvoj ispražnjenoj duhovnoj situaciji na poimanje smrti i završetka ljudskog života gleda se na nešto zastrašujuće i utonuće u apsolutno ništavilo. Zato je bolje za današnjeg čovjeka o fenomenu smrti i ne razmišljati prema staroj antičkoj rečenici fi lozofa Epikura: “Smrt, to najstrašnije zlo, nema nikakvog posla s nama; jer dok mi postojimo, smrti nema, a kad ona stigne, onda nas više nema. Tako, dakle, smrt ništa ne znači ni za žive ni za mrtve, jer se živih ne tiče, a mrtvi više ne postoje”.

Sierpniowe inicjacje. Obrazy kobiet w „Sierpniu” Brunona Schulza

Author(s): Paweł Dybel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2013

Even though Bruno Schulz repeatedly criticized psychoanalysis, one may discover inhis fiction many traces of Freud’s theory. The writer from Drogobych not only proposed his own version of the Oedipal drama, but also explored perversions and fetishism aswell as various forms of compensation within a family based on radically different personalities of the father and mother. Dybel comes up with a psychoanalytic reading of“August,” the opening story of "Cinnamon Shops". He approaches it not just as a starting point of Schulz’s fiction, deeply rooted in the writer’s correspondence with Debora Vogeland others, but as its climax, at least as far as the libidinal power of nature embodied by women is concerned. Schulz presents in “August” five portraits of womanhood – from still innocent Lucia to monstrously fertile Agata – which constitute the femaleSuperego and Id, and even go beyond this division. By contrast, Dybel’s psychoanalyticinterpretation includes also weak or absent men from whom the protagonist, whether he likes it or not, must learn about life and complete his rite of passage.

Психогимнастиката за опазване психичното здраве при 5-6-годишните деца

Author(s): Lyubimka Gabrovа / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The author shares the experience of introducing psiho gimnastics as part of the life of 5-6 year olds, to protect mental health and forming a complex of qualities required of the child in the process of pedagogical interaction, social adaptation and preparation for school.

Хелене Дойч – психоаналитичен поглед към женската душевност

Author(s): Stoil Mavrodiev,Desislava Ivanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2016

Helene Deutsch was one of the first female psychoanalysts. Freud treated her with admiration and supported her development, because in his eyes she harmonizes certain professional competition along with beauty, charm and kindness inherent to femininity. In 1944, Helene Deutsch published her two-volume book “The Psychology of Women. A psychoanalytic interpretation”. The book has many editions and was translated into several languages. Therefore Helene Deutsch often is labelled as a specialist in “female psychology”. Although she does not agree with this definition, her name is mainly related to this work and with its in-depth study of the female spirit.

The educational game – active method of training (in teaching French)

Author(s): Ana-Maria Antonesei,Mirela-Dana Ostafi / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

In the field of teaching foreign languages, the game represents a seductive and tempting way, though, it often starts controversy and remains an enigma to the teachers that teach foreign languages. That’s why, beyond the pleasure that it brings to the children, the game brings satisfaction to the teacher the knows how to integrate it in the process of training, therefore making a personalized educational sequence. In this study we will analyze the role that the game activity has on the act of teaching – learning of a foreign language and in the second chapter we will focus on the song, educational material subordinate to the game method.

CULTURAL CODES OF FEAR: GENRE, GENDER, (MALE) MADNESS

Author(s): Nataša Polgar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2020

This paper focuses on a specific type of archival material from the first psychiatric institution in Croatia, the Stenjevec Royal National Institute for the Insane in Zagreb, today the Vrapče University Psychiatric Hospital, dating from the period from its foundation in 1879 until 1900. More specifically, it focuses on patient narratives featuring fantastical beings, i.e., narrations about their life relying on the genre of belief legends. Based on this material, which is considered to be an important albeit atypical folkloristic corpus, the paper analyzes and interprets the status and functions of the genre of belief legends (more specifically, the memorate) in daily life narratives, personal stories and in coding affects (primarily fear). The role of belief legends is examined not only from the perspective of oral tradition and literature, but also in terms of their social and psychological position, and through the lens of psychiatric discourse of the time, which recognizes such narratives merely as symptoms of madness, translating and coding them as the language of abnormality and psychopathology.

Позитивна психология: проблемни области и формиране на личността

Author(s): Stoil Mavrodiev,Lubomira Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2021

This article presents the genesis and basic ideas of positive psychology. The human personality is revealed through the prism of positive psychology. The problem areas of positive psychology are outlined, while at the same time are emphasized the key concepts in the above field. Basic concepts and theoretical understandings are discussed. The basic tenets for a “good”, “enjoyable” and “meaningful” life were derived, according to Seligman's theory.

From Deafblindness to Multiple Sensory Impairment: a few explanatory notes on definition, terminology, and historical context

Author(s): Cristian Buică-Belciu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2021

In deafblindness (DB), the consequences of visual and hearing impairments are not additive, but multiplicative creating unique problems in information, communication and mobility, hence the need to recognize it as a distinct disability. There are three types of approaches that depend on several factors, taking into account the structure of educational and support services for people with DB/MSI and the nature of human, technological and financial resources. In our country, according to the law, the broadest approach is promoted, meaning the inclusion of other disabilities in addition to sight and/or hearing. In other countries there are other names that, depending on the context or user, are synonymous with DB. The huge variability of DB/MSI cases causes some specialists to refer to a spectrum disability in which there are different weights and different degrees of sensory loss, cognitive deficit, language impairments and/or somatic pathologies. All this individual “puzzle” generates a state of multi-handicap, which is reflected both in a specific pattern of learning and communication difficulties, and in the emergence of derived disabilities that hinder or obstruct the overall somatic and psychological development through restrictions on using the remaining hearing and sight.

Kontynuatorzy teorii Leona Petrażyckiego

Author(s): Katarzyna Witek-Mioduszewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2022

Motivation until the beginning of the 19th century was an undiscovered area of scientific research. The idea of using motivation in psychology, almost or in other fields, was born only at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries. Leon Petrażycki was one of the first scientists to make a groundbreaking classification of psychic phenomena. He distinguished among them emotions, feelings, sensations and processes of the will. Research that was carried out at that time showed a connection between emotions and motivation. Many of the later researchers continued various assumptions resulting from Petrażycki’s theory. In literature, two periods of the scholar’s work are distinguished: St. Petersburg and Warsaw. Therefore, it is justified to divide his followers on the basis of these stages of his scientific activity. The article presents short profiles of researchers selected by the author who were inspired by the ideas of Leon Petrażycki, including Jerzy Lande, Henryk Piętka, Mikołaj Timaszew, Georgij Gurwicz, and Mikhail Rejsner. In addition, an analysis of their work was made in the context of emotions and the theory of motivation initiated by the St. Petersburg scientist. It also presents the views of contemporary Petrażycki supporters.

Kritikai pszichológia. Lélek és kapitalizmus

Author(s): Gergely Csányi,Tibor Fehér,Dóra Máriási / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 31/2022

THE PHENOMENON OF BIRTH - IMPLICATIONS ON THE COUPLE'S RELATIONSHIP

Author(s): Maria-Laura Horeanu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 24/2021

Birth is a time when a woman's body undergoes significant changes. Although these changes such as weight gain or changes in physical appearance in general can be considered natural stages of pregnancy, many women have difficulty accepting these body changes. A major problem in our culture today is that women give up their own body rights and birth experience, perhaps for the simple reason that they are not aware of what they have given up. Women often give up their own autonomy, their right to make their own decisions about birth, as well as the possibility of a conscious birth, or the transformation of birth into an experience. Through this study we tried to highlight the role of birth on body image and on the couple's life. Thus, the mental structures detached during pregnancy and the adaptation to a new lifestyle that emerged with birth have an important role in women's lives. In addition, the interdependence between birth and emotions will give the couple another dimension, especially in terms of partner experiences. We observed through the analyzed studies that the implications of birth on body image have a significant impact, especially in view of the fact that emotional and cognitive manifestations contribute to the creation of a certain body image and, obviously, influence the couple's life. Consequently, the birth-couple life binomial gives new dimensions to a couple's life in terms of perceptions and emotions.

THE EFFECTS OF CHANGING SOCIAL INTERPERSONAL RELATIONSHIPS ON HUMAN SUBJECT

Author(s): Gabriel Balaci / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 26/2021

In this article I have addressed the issue of unconscious culpability in the context of interpersonal changes. Social constraints, regardless of their justification, are perceived as a prohibition and reinstate the Ego in an inferiority relationship with an external Superego. This reactivates the old prohibitions of the subject's Ego during childhood which makes the feeling of culpability active again, even if it has been repressed. Understanding the relationship between culpability and Superego is essential to understand how the human subject responds to such social changes. The way in which external reality is perceived and experienced by the human subject depends on its ability to symbolize. The way in which the subject signifies external reality also influences how it manages to satisfy its own wishes.

Egipcjanin Mojżesz i Big Black Mammy Południa sprzed wojny secesyjnej: Freud (z Karą Walker) o rasie i historii

Author(s): Joan Copjec / Language(s): Polish Issue: 35/2023

Polski przekład rozdziału z książki Joan Copjec Imagine There Is No Woman, w którym autorka analizuje prowokacyjne i kontrowersyjne "wycinanki" Kary Walker w kontekście refleksji na temat przynależności rasowej i tożsamości w eseju Człowiek imieniem Mojżesz a religia monoteistyczna Sigumunda Freuda.

THE PECULIARITIES OF SELF-CONTROL STYLE IN ADOLESCENTS

Author(s): Maria Pleșca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The performed study allows us to find that half of the teenagers in the research group are characterized by independence, flexible and adequate response to changing environmental conditions. They are very conscious in achieving the goal. The high level of self-control suggests that teenagers who have strong motivation form a style of self-regulation that allows them to compensate for personal characteristics, behaviour traits that prevent the achievement of the desired result. They easily acquire different activity, feel confident in situations full of uncertainty. The low level of self-control informs us that adolescents have not formed the motivation to consciously plan and program their behavior and activity. They depend on the circumstances and opinions of others, they are characterized by a reduced ability to compensate for their own personality resources that are unfavorable for achieving the proposed goals.

DEFENSE MECHANISMS OR STRESS REACTIONS

Author(s): Veronica Calancea / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The stress reaction represents the force to fight, or conversely, the attitude of losing without fighting in the face of difficulties, difficulties or problems of physical and mental stress with a shock-like action. Depending on the intensity of the emotions to which they are subjected, people have negative reactions of different intensity and duration. Almost any kind of symptom can be a hidden sign of stress. If we learn to recognize minor, seemingly unimportant signs, we can become aware of the sources of our stress, thus managing to prevent the appearance of serious symptoms and more easily control the tension that tends to overwhelm us.

PSYCHOSOCIAL ADAPTATION AND THE DEVELOPMENT OF ADULT COMPLIANCE WITH HEMODIALYSIS TREATMENT

Author(s): Diana Cecan / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

The article presents the concept of psychosocial adaptation, as well as compliance as a facilitative factor for adult adaptation to chronic hemodialysis treatment. Treatment compliance of hemodialysis patients is obviously associated with the rate of hospitalizations and mortality. For this reason, the development and improvement of the treatment compliance of the adult undergoing hemodialysis treatment is one of the main objectives of the activity of the psychologist within the Dialysis Center.

Odvaha v psychoterapii

Author(s): Michal Kryl / Language(s): Czech Issue: 2/2023

The article "Courage in Psychotherapy" by Michal Kryl, presented at the 34th Czech-Slovak Psychotherapeutic Conference in 2023, discusses the critical role of courage in the field of psychotherapy. It highlights the societal and psychological challenges faced in contemporary times, drawing parallels with historical periods of turmoil. The author emphasizes the importance of courage for both therapists and patients, noting that overcoming fear is essential for personal growth and societal resilience. The article explores the etymology of the word "courage" and its implications in different languages, linking it to concepts of risk-taking and bravery. It also addresses the stigma associated with seeking psychological help and the barriers patients face in accessing therapy. The author calls for the cultivation of courage in the younger generation and underscores the need for therapists to engage in self-reflection and supervision. The piece concludes by advocating for a collective acknowledgment of the bravery displayed by both therapists and their clients in the therapeutic process.

DEVELOPMENT OF CONFLICT COMPETENCE IN GAMING

Author(s): Ludmila Anțibor,Pavel Serafimciuc / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2024

This article examines the gaming activities of adolescents as a means of developing conflict competence. It discusses the main structural components of conflict competence and their transformation during the gaming process among teenagers.

VIRTUAL HIPPOTHERAPY: DEVELOPMENTS, RESULTS, AND PROSPECTS

Author(s): Ludmila Anțibor,Tatiana Nosova / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2024

The article explores the potential of virtual reality (VR) as a tool for delivering hippotherapy, a therapeutic method traditionally involving horses, to patients with psychological disorders. Hippotherapy has been shown to improve autism, anxiety and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). However, logistical and financial constraints often limit access to traditional hippotherapy. Virtual reality offers a solution by creating simulated environments where patients can experience the benefits of hippotherapy through interactive platforms and exergaming (a combination of exercise and gaming). Studies demonstrate that virtual hippotherapy can reduce symptoms of anxiety and depression in both children and adults. Virtual simulations have also been effective in reducing PTSD symptoms among veterans. Despite these benefits, challenges such as the absence of emotional connection with real horses and high equipment costs remain. The article concludes by highlighting the promising future of virtual hippotherapy, with the potential for broader accessibility through technological advancements and integration with AI and augmented reality.

ITEMS OF AN INTERDISCIPLINARY CONTEXT

Author(s): Violeta Bercaru Oneață / Language(s): English Issue: 38/2024

The essence of this study is the acquaintance of an array of knowledge, the Analytical Psychology, with an encompassing of certain assets of modern Physics, to undertake a cultural construction surveyed at the same time, possibly, by glimpses of metaphysical insights.