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Borderline Knowing: (Re)Valuing Borderline Personality Disorder as (Counter) Knowledge

Author(s): Sarah Redikopp / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

This article explores Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) as an epistemic standpoint defiant of dominant Western knowledge frameworks, which are (supposedly) rational, objective and linear. I engage with feminist, critical psychiatry and Mad critiques of BPD as a medicalization of trauma and ameliorate these critiques by engaging BPD as both a psychiatric diagnosis and as a (non-pathological) response to traumatic experiences. I conceptualize the ‘borderline standpoint’ as a subversive epistemology and examine the capacity of queer-crip temporalities to meaningfully engage with the borderline standpoint, arguing that a framework of queer time is useful insofar as trauma (and borderline knowing) are necessarily nonlinear. Ultimately, I employ concepts of queer-crip time, including the works of Alison Kafer and Elizabeth Freeman, to open new avenues of engagement with the ‘ugly’ affect of borderline and to embark on a maddening epistemological project.

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Invincible yet Vulnerable: Race, Disability and Trauma in South Africa after Oscar Pistorius

Author(s): Nontsasa Nako / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

When the global sporting icon, Paralympian and Olympian Oscar Pistorius was accused of killing his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp on the morning of Valentine’s Day in 2013, one of his many defences was, simply put, that his disability made him do it. An expert witness for the defence made the connection between disability and violence that suggested that disabled people are particularly prone to ‘over-react’ as it were because they feel especially vulnerable. This defence provides the link between the two extremes claimed by Pistorius’s public persona, that of invincibility and vulnerability – extreme physical ability epitomized by sterling sporting prowess and fear of victimisation because of his physical limitation. The formula proposed by this defence is that extreme vulnerability results in extreme aggression. Here I want to analyse what this claim suggests about prevailing social attitudes toward disability and disabled people, particularly in post-apartheid South Africa – or more accurately in post-TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) South Africa. In this article I propose that the corrosive legacy of TRC created rich ground for white victimization and popularised the medical model of trauma.

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A Virtue-based Model for Medical Ethics and Practice in Edmund Pellegrino

Author(s): Philemon Ayibo / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2020

This paper deals with the resurgence of interest in virtue ethics in professional ethics, specifically as it applies to Edmund Daniel Pellegrino’s account in medical ethics. Pellegrino investigates in a clear manner the ethical problems of contemporary medicine from a virtue ethics point of view and offers a virtue-based ethic for medicine as an effective tool and a practical guide for confronting the challenges of modern medicine. His account builds on a thesis of the indispensability of virtuous character traits for a sound medical practice. Pellegrino’s virtue ethics offers a plausible and distinctive alternative to utilitarian and Kantian (principle-based) approaches to understanding and evaluating professional roles. It is hoped that our exploration of Pellegrino’s account will underline the place of a virtue ethics in medicine and stimulate a similar inquiry into social welfare, and into other forms of human professions and disciplines.

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Психосоциални и медицински аспекти при проследяване на случай с Lues – норми, забрани и предразсъдъци

Author(s): Milena Dimitrova,Rositsa Doynovska,Dancho Dilkov,Trayanka Grigorova,Galina Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2020

Nowadays, syphilis is both a well-known and a forgotten disease, due to the rarer morbidity and higher effectiveness in the treatment of the infection. Despite that, it poses a challenge, one formed out of, on one hand, the work of the multidisciplinary team/APL, a nurse, an infectionist, a psychiatrist, a dermatologist, a psychologist/and, on the other hand, the prejudices and fears of the patient and his relatives. This is due to the fact that it is most commonly a blood-borne or sexually transmitted and can affect all organs in the human body, causing severe, lasting consequences - both physical and psychological in nature. The high variability of symptoms, the possibility of developing the disease in a wide time range after infection, the need for a complex approach to working with patients all lead to difficulties in the diagnosing and timely treatment of syphilis. This article examines in detail a clinical case of newly-diagnosed neurosyphilis – from the doctor's office to the difficult way out of it, trying to answer the question: Is it possible to have a happy ending in a rather strict, stigmatizing society.

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Genu Recurvatum – Physical Deficiency Recovery By Kinetotherapy

Author(s): Dumitrita Iurniuc,Andreea – Iuliana Aioane / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2015

In this paper I will present the role of kinetotherapy in diminishing the physical deficiency of the lower limbs - genu recurvatum, the importance of practicing exercises on a regular basis, the importance of the subject's collaboration in the recovery process and the effect of the results of therapy.By the fact that the deficiency is not painful, as long as it does not change, and there are no complications, is required to be corrected especially for appearance.The best results come from preschoolers, followed by adolescents and then adults, with the recovery program having a greater number of repetitions of positions and exercises over a longer period of time because keeping results under control is more cumbersome , precisely because the processes of growth and development of the organism have come to an end.I want to show that to minimize and even reduce total deficiency genu recurvatum no need to resort to sophisticated equipment, costly and difficultInternational Journal of Educational Theory and Practice (IJETP)Volume 2/ Issue 3/ 201564to access, but enough simple exercises executed correctly with appropriate dosage. Besides those listed above, a big plus in early recovery is striving involvement and interesting topics.

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The role of physical therapy treatment in infirmity cerebral motor - type, spastic paraparesis

Author(s): Gabriela Iuliana CAZAC,Simona MURARU / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

In this paper we want to present the role of physiotherapy in the recovery of children with neuro-psycho-motor.Since this pathology is a problem that could not be eliminated despite the tremendous progress made by modern medicine, these children need in addition to applying existing disability-specific methods and acceptance, appreciation, they need to grow and develop.Therefore Robănescu stated that the evolution of a child deficient recoverable or partially recoverable depends largely on the family as it grows and develops. By this statement we want to emphasize that with IMC child development includes not only the use of existing disability-specific methods and integrating the child in an educational environment whether in a schools or at home. Integration into the community is a very important step for children with disabilities because by doing so they call the child a chance to grow and to create a better social future to the detriment deficiencies they have. We think that there should be no restriction for these children to develop and lead a normal life, the contrary would have the skills that they have to be exploited, to be educated in ,, normality’’ (Elena Căciulan, 2011) and help them enjoy the privileges enjoyed a normal child. The harmony of family life, ,, how parents understand that the child must be helped, guided and encouraged always will be the pillars on which to build the education of child with cerebral palsy” (N., 1976). Therefore,we want to check whether the means physical therapy can help in recovering cerebral palsy in children with tiny cerebral motor and if they give beneficial results on maintaining and increasing the amplitude of articulation, reduce spasticity, maintain and / or increase the excitability of muscle, maintaining memory kinesthetic and the movements.

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Conservative treatment in patients with lumbar spinal canal stenosis

Author(s): Larisa Lenuța Cîrdei / Language(s): English Issue: 9/2018

Lumbar spinal stenosis is a common disorder in middle-aged and elderly patients that results from narrowing of the neural canal and foramina, from congenital or degenerative causes. This narrowing leads to co-compression of the lumbosacral nerve root.Most patients with symptomatic lumbar stenosis have intermittent neurogenic claudication with decreased risk. However, although the physical findings and clinical symptoms of lumbar stenosis are not acute, radiographic findings are relatively severe. Magnetic resonance imaging is a non-invasive and good method for the evaluation of lumbar stenosis. Although there are very few studies that refer to the natural progression of lumbar stenosis, its symptoms respond favorably to nonoperative management. In patients who do not respond to non-operative treatment, surgical treatments, such as decompression or decompression with spinal fusion, are required.

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Highly sensitive persons, caregiving strategies and humour:

Author(s): Alberto Dionigi,Alon Goldberg / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2019

The medical clown is a healthcare practitioner whose character is strictly associated with the performer’s own personality. In this study, the relationships between the level of sensory processing sensitivity (SPS), caregiving strategies and humour in Italian and Israeli clowns were examined. Participants were 159 medical clowns (97 Italian and 62 Israeli), ranging from 22 to 74 years of age, who completed a demographic questionnaire, the self-reported Highly Sensitive Person Scale, the Caregiving System Scale and the BenCor. Results showed that a higher SPS was related to higher hyperactivation and deactivation, and that hyperactivation was related to lower benevolent humour and greater corrective humour. Hyperactivation negatively predicts benevolent humour but positively predicts corrective humour, beyond the effect of SPS. Deactivation had no relationship to either benevolent or corrective humour. The results are also discussed in reference to the two culture groups and to previous studies conducted with general populations.

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Relationship Obsessive Compulsive Disorder: A Systematic Review

Author(s): Melis Mısırlı,Gamze Karadayı Kaynak / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2023

Obsessive Compulsive Disorder (OCD) is a disorder characterized by obsessions and compulsions and negatively affects the functionality of individuals. OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content have been investigated in the literature for the last 10 years. OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content are divided into two types: relationship-centered and partner-focused. The aim of this systematic review was to examine the relationship between OCD symptoms with romantic relationship content and individual and relational variables. Studies in the literature were reviewed in detail in order to evaluate the results regarding the relationship between OCD symptoms in romantic relationships and individual and relational factors. In the national and international literature, no systematic review study on this subject was found. Accordingly, studies published between 2012 and 2022 in internationally accepted electronic databases using the terms "relationship obsessive compulsive disorder", "relationship centered obsessive compulsive symptoms" and "partner focused obsessive compulsive symptoms" were reviewed. As a result of the search, according to the inclusion criteria, 12 empirical studies on the relationship between OCD in romantic relationships and individual and relational variables with full-text access and written in English were analyzed. The methodological characteristics and results of the 12 included studies are presented in this systematic review study. The results of the studies suggest that symptoms related to romantic relationships negatively affect the functioning of individuals similar to OCD. When the variables associated with obsessive-compulsive symptoms in romantic relationships are analyzed in individual and relational context, they are related to many factors such as psychopathologies, attachment styles, self and relationship satisfaction. In this context, there is a need for empirical studies carried out with clinical samples, exploring the effectiveness of psychotherapy and cross-cultural studies on obsessive-compulsive symptoms related to romantic relationships.

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Prevention and Treatment of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD)

Author(s): Myroslava Hasiuk,Nataliia Tverdokhlib,Yurii Shyrobokov,Tamara Mahanova,Olena Shcherbakova / Language(s): English Issue: 81/2023

Prevention and treatment of PTSD are carried out through the use of effective practices of modern medical rehabilitation centers and rational state policy aimed at overcoming this mass phenomenon. The article examines modern tools and means that help to overcome post-traumatic stress disorder and its negative consequences for the social environment and the population. The key aim of the article is to provide effective principles for the prevention and treatment of post-traumatic stress disorder based on international experience. The article presents the current state of development of this disease and characterizes the main trends that contribute to the spread of post-traumatic stress disorder. In particular, the analysis makes it possible to characterize the results of the study from the perspective of the exercise and realization of public power in the field of social protection and health care. Attention is paid to the issue of financing the prevention of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as possible practices for overcoming this disease through the development of medical infrastructure. The article examines the main symptoms and root causes of post-traumatic stress disorder, as well as possible directions of its development. The analysis of treatment practices and possible prospects for overcoming post-traumatic stress disorder is characterized from the standpoint of ensuring the development of human capital and stabilization of the social environment as a result of the massive spread of post-traumatic stress disorder. The results of the study can be used by specialized institutions, private psychologists, and specialists who aim to treat post-traumatic stress disorder.

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PERSONALITY AND JEALOUSY AS ATTACHMENT TRAUMA

Author(s): Gabriela LEUȚANU / Language(s): English Issue: 33/2023

Objectives. The main aim of this study is to identify the existing relationships between various inside and interpersonal factors and personality traits concerning to dysfunctional jealous behavior with individuals involved in romantic relationships. Material and methods. Quantitative (questionnaires, inventories and scales) and experimental data have been used to measure and test the study’s hypothesis. A sample of 180 participants has been measured on personality traits, dysfunctional attitudes, and level of resilience in front of family stressful events. Results. The findings show that jealousy, as a feature of attachment trauma, significantly correlates (p<0.001) with several personality factors, such as neuroticism (r=0.57), dependency (r=0.49), psychoticism (r=0.45), culpability (r=0.57) and ergic tension (r=0.60). Contrary to previous research, the results indicate no significant effect (F=1.69, p=0.172) of life events and stressful family life on the experience of jealousy in the later years. Conclusions. Personality traits start developing within early childhood, influenced mainly by the family environment a child is brought in. But as time goes by, individuals can become more attached to the new relationships they get involved in, displaying attitudes and behaviors guided mainly by their innermost fears and insecurities reflected in jealous behavior. Romanian individuals appear to discount the family background and hardships they come from, manifesting more loyalty to their family of origin, as seen in the findings of the quantitative data.

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“A Part of Me.” The Value of Dogs to Homeless Owners and the Implications for Dog Welfare

Author(s): Chelsie Bailey,Jo Hockenhull,Nicola Rooney / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. issue/2023

The UK homeless population is increasing. Companion animal ownership amongst homeless people is not uncommon, but the positive and negative consequences of this association for both humans and animals are unknown. We conducted semi-structured interviews with homeless dog owners covering how their dog impacted them, and how they met the dog’s welfare needs. Twenty-one homeless dog owners were recruited via a dog welfare charity that works with homeless people and their dogs. The interviews were transcribed and analysed thematically. Dogs were reported to provide similar benefits to dogs owned in households, but additionally owner believed they helped facilitate routine, assisted them through mental health issues and provided continuous emotional support. Owners noted difficulties accessing long- and short-term accommodation, and services, such as shops, due to their dog, and generally only entrusted other individuals to look after their dog in urgent cases. All the dogs were reported to receive veterinary care as needed, were treated against parasites, and fed adequately. The main concern expressed by owners was providing somewhere adequately warm and large for their dog to sleep, but we suggest access to a safe place to avoid frightening stimuli may also be important. During the interviews owners used the dog to facilitate discussion about themselves, allowing many to open-up about the difficulties of their past, and potential future. Our findings can be used to help direct how homeless charities can best help dog owners in the future.

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Palace of illusions: a psychotic episode weighed by royal delusions

Author(s): Bianca Augusta Oroian,Raluca-Ioana Marusic,Codrina Moraru,Petronela Nechita / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

This article describes the case of a 48-year-old female patient who was involuntary admitted by the authorities for a psychotic episode characterized by delusional ideas of grandeur, filiation and reference. The patient firmly believed that she was not only a member of the royal family of Monaco, but also had a special familial connection to the ruling dynasty. This case highlights the complexities of psychotic disorders and the presence of multiple delusional themes that can significantly impact an individual's perception of reality and functioning. These delusions profoundly affected the patient's daily life and interpersonal relationships. Her strong conviction in her royal filiation led to strained interactions with family members, who were unable to validate her claims. The patient's preoccupation with her imagined connection to the royal family overshadowed her personal responsibilities, causing disruptions in her overall functioning. This paper underscores the intricate nature of psychotic disorders and the multifaceted delusions that can arise within them. Understanding the interplay between these delusional themes is vital in guiding diagnosis and treatment strategies. By implementing a comprehensive approach that includes medication, psychotherapy, and a supportive environment, healthcare professionals can assist patients in regaining a more accurate perception of reality and improve overall functioning and well-being.

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SEXUAL EDUCATION AND SEXUAL ACTIVITY OF STUDENTS BEFORE AND DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC. A ROMANIAN-BULGARIAN QUALITATIVE COMPARATIVE STUDY

Author(s): Cornelia Rada,Ergyul Tair,Mihaela Lingu,Sezgin Bekir / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2023

The purpose of the study was to identify changes occurring in the sexual activity of Bulgarian and Romanian students in relation to the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic, but also to explore how respondents perceived sexual education they benefited from in the past. A self-reporting guideline was adapted right at beginning of the restrictions caused by the pandemic, in March 2020. The story of life guideline for a qualitative study was constructed as compressing 2 major categories of data: 7 items of socio-demographic information and 55 specific items on personal life, organized into age stages. Between May and December 2020 data were collected by e-mail from students between 19 and 25 years. As a first result of data collection, 102 stories were kept for deeper analyses, 50 from Romanian and 52 from Bulgarian BA and MA students, 64 girls and 38 boys. Small differences were found between Romanian and Bulgarian groups regarding the age of the first intercourse or the changes that appeared in sexual behavior in relation to the pandemic outbreak. More of the Bulgarian participants declared not having started a sexual life, and also more of the Bulgarian participants decided not to answer some of the sexuality items. The conclusions issued by the analyses of both groups showed the need for developing specific sexual education curricula, created and implemented by experts, starting with younger ages of pupils.

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Mental Health Analysis Using Philosophical Tenets

Author(s): Edmond Charley / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

Philosophical beliefs or principles can help healthcare providers establish effective approaches to mental health analysis. This article aims to demonstrate how modern philosophical tenets could improve mental health analysis from diagnosis to treatment. It describes the role and importance of philosophical approaches, including the Gadamer philosophical hermeneutics, in providing alternative approaches to mental illness treatments as an interdisciplinary field combining practical views and methods of the philosophies of mind, neuroscience, psychology, and moral philosophy. This is achieved by exploring the evolution of mental illnesses, the philosophical views on the manifestation of psychiatric disorders, scientific and philosophical viewpoints, and insights on applying Gadamer’s philosophical hermeneutics to mental illnesses. Gadamer’s viewpoints present essential philosophical foundations that could solve the crucial problems associated with the antecedent theories of mental illnesses. Overall, the philosophical viewpoint requires patient diagnosis and treatment approaches that holistically consider the use of language in all interpretive practices, cultural phenomena, patients' histories, and environmental factors that are critical sources of hermeneutic experiences.

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ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ KARNA ZA CZYNY POWIĄZANE Z DZIAŁALNOŚCIĄ PATOSTREAMERSKĄ. ODPOWIEDZIALNOŚĆ KARNA PATOSTREAMERA

Author(s): Agata Ziobroń / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2023

Patostreaming is understood as publishing in the Internet content that infringe on social rules in order to gain popularity in the Internet or money. Behaviors of patostreamers not only infringe on social norms, but also may be qualified as crimes or misdemeanors. Due to the scope of the problematic aspects in the paper the attention will be paid just to patostreaming as crimes. The question will be considered with attention to aspects of demoralization of minor viewers, having regard to the fact that patostreaming is the most popular among young people, teenagers. Therefore, due to dynamic development of patostreaming consider to introduce the type of illicit act: demoralization of minor, however different than e.g. in Azerbaijan – precising statutory marks in order to fit in to the specific of that phenomenon specifically.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SCHOOL SATISFACTION AND BURNOUT THROUGH THE LENS OF ECOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT THEORY

Author(s): Ani Emilia Cernea-Radu / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 36/2024

School satisfaction is an important component of life satisfaction, with children's and adolescents' level of well-being varying according to their relationships with peers, teachers and the quality of school experiences. According to the ecological theory of human development, a good and deep understanding of young people implies a systemic approach to their lives, emphasising their active role in their own developmental process, which in turn is influenced by social and cultural forces. Adolescents with a high level of school burnout no longer enjoy going to school, they become detached from school, from the experiences they can have in the school environment and this can affect the other dimensions of their lives.

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Фактори на работната среда, оказващи влияние върху преживяването на „бърнаут“ от специалисти в социалната сфера

Author(s): Victoria Sotirova,Maria Stoykova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2024

The article presents the results of a study of Burnout syndrome and the impact of gender, age, length of service and factors of the working environment (job satisfaction, working environment and salary) on burnout in specialists employed in the social sphere. The aim of the study was to analyze the causes of emotional exhaustion, depersonalization of clients and a lack of feeling of personal achievement. The results obtained will serve to build strategies and explore the possibilities for prevention, early detection and interventions of Burnout syndrome.

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Using volumetric brain analysis to differentiate a patient with 117 multiple personalities from schizophrenia: a case report and literature review

Author(s): Tasmia Khan,Heela Azizi,Mursal Naisan,Tiffany Benjamin,Payton Colantonio,Cassandra D’Andrea,Tulin Ahmad,Gulshan Begum,Shahzad Chidai,Olaniyi Olayinka,Samuel Adeyemo,Chiedozie Ojimba,Ayodele Jolayemi / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2020

DID is defined in the fifth edition of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders (DSM-5) as a “disruption of identity characterized by the presence of two or more distinct personality states.” This involves discontinuity in sense of self and agency as well as variations in “affect, behavior, consciousness, memory, perception, cognition, or sensory-motor functioning.” The DSM-5 estimates the 12-month prevalence of DID as 1.5% of the American adult population. In other studies of DID, the prevalence is estimated to be between 1% and 3%, with higher rates among patients with other comorbid psychiatric conditions. In the inpatient setting, the prevalence of DID has been estimated to be as high as 7.5%. The severity of DID in terms of distinct identity varies from two reported identities to 23 reported distinct identities, however the average number of reported distinct identities stated is 13.1 DID has been associated with or may co-occur with other psychiatric conditions. Many studies have shown an association between DID and history of childhood trauma or maltreatment between ages 4-8. About 80- 100% of patients diagnosed with DID have a comorbid diagnosis of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) or a lifetime history of PTSD.

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FACTORS OF ADOLESCENT AGGRESSION TOWARDS TEACHERS

Author(s): Maria Pleșca / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 38/2024

This review analyzes studies on the problem of aggression towards teachers. The reasons for students' aggressive behavior towards their teachers have been identified by analyzing psychological theories. The article also provides recommendations for reducing and preventing student aggression towards teachers. In the sequence of research presented, it has been shown that the prevalence rates of teacher bullying around the world highlight the magnitude of the problem and raise concerns that this area has long-term detrimental consequences on the lives of students, teachers, and educational institutions as a whole. It has been established that the use of psychological theories, models, and concepts in explaining the reasons for the manifestation of aggression in the relationship with the teacher on the part of students not only makes it possible to determine the reasons for such behavior but also helps to take this problem into account at different levels of the educational process. The influence of school climate on teacher victimization was also examined and recommendations for the implementation of preventive measures were made. Based on the analysis, directions for further study of this problem were presented. In particular, it is necessary to study the prevalence of forms of aggressive behavior toward teachers and to develop a set of preventive measures aimed at combating aggression toward teachers.

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