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The Revolution of the World’s View: Distruction of Traditional Spiritual Values of the Western Ukrainian Peasantry in the Conditions of the Soviet Totalitarism in 1939 – 1941

Author(s): Volodymyr Starka / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2018

Social transformations, the rapid development of scientific and technological progress, the change of the ruling regimes pose many challenges to the modern citizen. An average person is often not ready to psychologically resist rapid changes, and tries to adapt to them in a different way. In terms of fleeting social changes, we can observe an increase of interest towards religion in certain categories of population, because in a faith in God, people are trying to find spiritual support, protection and answers to the challenges of the present time. In view of this, studies of the transformation of religious consciousness in the conditions of socio-political transformations acquire a special relevance.

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On Public Representation of Trauma: A Review of Jane Goodall and Christopher Lee’s Trauma and Public Memory (Houndmills, Basingstoke and New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2015)

Author(s): Arleen Ionescu,Rongrong Qian / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

This is a review article of a collection of essays entitled Trauma and Public Memory, edited by Jane Goodall and Christopher Lee.

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National Identity – European Identity: Resemblance and Dissonance, Complementarity or Contention?

Author(s): Liliya Sazonova / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2019

The debates about the relation between the national and European identity have recently gained a new impetus as a result of the growing national populism within the EU. In this regard, the article aims at elaborating the points of resemblance and dissonance between the identity-patterns of the two collective identities construction. In addition, it raises the question about the relation between national and European identity – do they compete with each other or they are parts of a bigger postmodern identity mosaic? In the first part of the research the main structural elements taking part in the National identity construction are discussed making a parallel with the European identity composition. In the second part of the text a more detailed analyses on the ethnic and civic model of identity construction is offered revealing two levels at which European identity is being created. Given that the majority of the academic work on the topic is more statistically or case orientated the article might be of interest due its fundamental approach.

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SURVIVAL AND PARALLELISM

Author(s): Florent Rrahmani / Language(s): English Issue: 11/2019

The constitutional changes of 1989 in Kosovo, in addition to physical, political andpsychological pressure, exerted social pressure through job dismissals. Job dismissalsbecame a “normal” process, becoming a common way of exercising social pressure.In all these impossibilities in front of which a whole society is placed, self-organization oropposition through self-acting is expressed.In this course, the collapsed life on every sphere, and precisely this collapse burdened evenmore the daily life of these citizens, imposing reflection on these inabilities.While therepressive state was exclusive, degrading, and denigrating for a category of the society,precisely this category got self-integrated through resistance, which can not be calledotherwise but self-organization.In this flow, many subsequent developments came to the fore,such as the comprehensive mobilization of the society, so that individual tasks became selfvoluntarycollective duties and obligations.To this society, faced with such a situation, Solidarity was undoubtedly imposed in every areaof life, having the course from similarities, and “solidarity that comes from similarities is atits maximum when the collective conscience completely wraps up all our conscience andcomplies with it on all points” (Durkheim, 2004).

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THE NEED FOR LEADER CREATION AMONGST ROMANIAN SCHOOL PRINCIPALS – EDUCATIONAL POLICY ANALYSIS

Author(s): Adina-Petronela Vechiu / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2020

Many theories of leadership and organisational climate gave been formulated over the years. This paper focuses both on transformational and transactional management and on supportive organisational climates. The theory of transformational educational management was developed as a response to the need for reform in educational systems in the 1970s and 1980s. The central convincing argument for educational staff was the assumption that a transformational leader motivates both teachers and students through increasing their consciousness regarding operational objectives and inspiring them to forego personal interest in favour of the organisational ‘greater good’ (Marks and Printy , 2003, p. 375). This strand of theory attributes certain leadership factors to the transformational leader like idealising influence, inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation and individualising consideration amongst others.The transformational leader came about as a response to the need for schools to be led successfully through innovative reforms. This type of leader underlines and accentuates ideas of change, innovation and the influence teachers have in these processes. On the other hand, transactional leadership is based on promoting a negotiation model which helps reaching a certain motivation level. This level is usually expressed through an accepted amount. Conversely, transformational leadership refers to certain assumed responsibilities and moral principles. Both leadership models aim to improve school environments, ultimately targeting progress through building leadership capacities amongst all those involved in facilitating school activities (apud Nedelcu, 2013).

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Ethical Dilemmas in Education

Author(s): Andreea Filip,Sinziana Elena Mititelu / Language(s): English Issue: 4/2015

Ethics, one of the main branches of philosophy, deals with researching moral issues, dealing, for example, with the issue of good and evil, situational behavior and even with what we are supposed to do in certain instances, because, as Aristotle claimed, ethics can be seen as the sum of traditions and human behaviors and how it regards the way in which we act and react according to the principles rooted deep down into ourselves. Also, ethics must be correlated with the usefulness and the morality of an action, as well as with the issue of good and evil. Starting from these, the purpose of this paper is to analyze the directions ethics take in the educational system, in the context in which the issue of ethics is raised more and more often in some schools. That being said, we will also recount a few case studies starting from personal and professional experience.

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School organization and management

Author(s): Roxana-Eugenia FLOCEA,Alina-Sorina Bîrgăoanu / Language(s): English Issue: 10/2018

The subject approached in this paper refers to the main parts of educational management. Education is a social phenomenon that has emerged with human society and has undergone a number of essential changes during the development of society. Thus, from the empirical action of preparing the young generation for social life to the scientifically based action of the modern age, education has gone a long way, becoming an authentic science with its own statute and laws.

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Mediating Grannies: Caring for Young Grandchildren who Use Digital Media

Author(s): Galit Nimrod,Dafna LEMISH,Nelly Elias / Language(s): English Issue: 26 (2)/2020

Based on online surveys conducted in the United States and Israel, this study explored grandmothers’ involvement in mediation of their grandchildren’s digital media use. Study participants were highly involved in restrictive, instructive and supervising mediation—and to a much lesser degree in co-use and technological mediation. Their involvement was significantly associated with their familiarity with digital media popular among children, engagement in other activities with their grandchildren, and past mediation (as mothers). Results highlighted the technical challenges older women face in their efforts to mediate their grandchildren’s digital media use.

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„Chleba naszego potrzebnego”?

Author(s): Weronika Plutecka / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2018

Ojcze nasz to najważniejsza modlitwa chrześcijan. Jako starożytny tekst biblijny od wieków poddawana jest badaniom oraz tłumaczona na nowo wraz z rozwojem języków docelowych. Ze względu na powszechność tej modlitwy takie zmiany nie zachodzą niepostrzeżenie i budzą sprzeciw członków różnych wspólnot wyznaniowych. Niniejszy artykuł przedstawia specyfikę przekładu tekstów liturgicznych na podstawie analizy tłumaczeń na język szwedzki. Pokazana zostaje historia szwedzkiego tłumaczenia modlitwy Ojcze nasz, aż do opublikowania kontrowersyjnej wersji ekumenicznej w 1996 r. Przeanalizowane zostają wybrane różnice w „starym” i „nowym” tłumaczeniu oraz najważniejsze postulaty w debacie nad przyjęciem wersji ekumenicznej. Artykuł zamyka przytoczenie obecnego stanowiska kościoła katolickiego i protestanckiego wobec nowej wersji oraz dyskusja nad nowoczesnością i tradycją we współczesnych tłumaczeniach Modlitwy Pańskiej. Studium pozwala zobaczyć, w jaki sposób zmiany w obszarze przekładu mogą spowodować poruszenie społeczne i konflikt, jeśli nie są dostosowane do aktualnych przekonań reprezentantów danej kultury. // "Our Father" is the most essential Christian prayer. Being an ancient biblical text it has been translated and interpreted through the ages as target languages were developing. Due to the universality of this prayer, such changes do not occur unnoticed and raise opposition of members of various religious communities. This article presents the specifics of the translation of liturgical texts based on the analysis of translations into Swedish. The history of the Swedish translation of the "Our Father" prayer is covered up to the publication of the controversial ecumenic version in 1996. Selected differences in the "old" and "new" translations and the most important postulates in the debate on the adoption of the ecumenical version are analyzed. The article ends with a description of the current position of the Catholic and Protestant Church regarding the new version and a discussion on modernity and tradition in translations of the Lord's Prayer. The study shows how changes in the area of translation can cause social uproar and conflict, if they are not adapted to the current convictions of representatives of a given culture.

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Organizational Trust - Result of Formal and Informal Relationships Development in Business Organizations

Author(s): Simona Buta / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

There are studies and applications that have argued that trust, as a phenomenon, exceeds the interpersonal limit, it leaving its mark both at the organizational level and at the socio-economic level. Thus, trust becomes an important aspect for leading organizations and not only.The present research aims to analyse the relationship between organizational trust and all formal and informal networks / relationships from business organizations in North-eastern Romania. The research aimed to identify whether there is a strong link between the promotion of formal relationships by management and a high level of trust and the development of informal relationships. For this research we used a descriptive, empirical-analytical methodology.The data obtained from the interpretation of the questionnaire, at the level of the companies included in our sample showed that there is a strong link between formal relationships and networks (such as internal relationships to a company and which are given by organization chart, internal rules and various regulations) and relations and informal networks (in which case we are talking about informal relationships that double the internal organization chart of a company) and the degree of trust. The strong connection is demonstrated by the coefficients obtained (ρ (128) = 0.430 - demonstrating the high correlation between formal and informal relations, respectively ρ (128) = 0.407 - demonstrating the high correlation between formal relations and the degree of trust). This means that a more precise delimitation of formal working groups stimulates the creation of a climate of trust between compartments / departments / groups. If the organizational climate in the company allows the development of personal relationships, there is a certain level of trust between employees. Moreover, we have identified the fact that at the level of the companies included in our sample there is a greater or lesser concern of the decision makers from these companies in the development and operation of informal networks / groups; we must mention that this concern is different by activity sectors / companies.

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Communication, a Premise for Increasing the Organization's Performance

Author(s): Constantin Ciprian Iacob,Silvia-Elena Iacob / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Communication has always been one of the most important tools through which people can interact with each other. Given that the way we interact with people has never been easy, it has evolved today with more languages, channels and different ways of communicating than before. Communication has a unique role, allowing the solution of certain operational, functional and relational problems, but also employee satisfaction. Recent changes have had an impact on organizations and have increased the importance of managing both internal and external communication. Thus, the communication system is also a system of actions, because the activity and the word are intertwined in negotiations, arguments, counseling, explanation of tasks, conflict resolution. Communication in the educational institution is a premise of the performance of instructive-educational processes, a factor that creates an optimal educational climate, a vector for building the reputation and image of the educational organization and a source of motivation for teachers.

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Leadership and Motivation, Determinants of Sustainability

Author(s): Diana Elena Zaharia (Ştefănescu),Bogdan Stefanescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article pays more attention to the analysis of the direct relationship between staff motivation and applied leadership, with the final result - the sustainability of the organization's activity. Organizational culture and the environment are characterized by mutual adaptation, by the way in which human practices and organizations are led to a cohabiting relationship. Their adaptation is defined as a learning process, rather than an activity in itself, guided by material forces. Through this article we aim to highlight the importance of the interdependent relationship between staff motivation, leadership and sustainability. A big obstacle is the lack of awareness of this triangular relationship, at the level of the organization's management. Starting from the theory of self-motivation and from the research of psychologists Edward Deci and Richard Ryan, we deduce that each individual has three basic psychological needs: the need for connection, the need for competence and the need for control, which must be met. If, at the level of the organization's management, there is a real concern about these needs, employees will feel motivated to maximize their involvement in achieving proposed objectives. The need to connect refers to the desire to be visible, valued, respected, unique, self-confident, connected, belonging to a group. The need for competence implies the need to be able, to succeed. The need for control is the power to make decisions, to make choices, to be the source of your own behaviors. Satisfying these needs of the team members must be a real concern of the leader, if the sustainability of the organization's activity is desired.

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Human Resources Management in Organizational Performance

Author(s): Gabriel Ionuț Vasile,Xiaoyu Zhan / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The world we live in has countless organizations that are born, grow or disappear. The use of human resources is very common and essential for all types of organizations at all times. They ensure the survival and tryingness of the organization in today's dynamic business environment. The investment in human resources means not only the regular salary payments but also employees' personal and professional development in order to enhance their job skills and act responsibly when necessary. The traditional approach to human resources management implies only the costs for the job performed. The unique values of human resources imply both the ability of personal and professional development and the desire of self-improvement as standards of the modern world require.Work evaluation can have a negative impact and that happens when the manager considers the employee, as individual, accountable for bad job performance and does not take an account of the weak areas of performance evaluation and control.

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The Impact of Working from Home During Pandemic Times on Employees Motivation in Romanian Insurance Companies

Author(s): Bogdan Stefanescu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

This article represents an analysis of the impact on employees of insurance companies in Romania, of the changes that occurred following the crisis generated by the Coronavirus pandemic. With the implementation of traffic restrictions in the spring of 2020 and the introduction of quarantine in Romania, companies were forced to resort to alternative means of conducting and continuing the activity in safe conditions for employees. The main change was the implementation of work at home, doubled by a strong progress of digitalization in the field.The orientation of companies towards the customer, the desire to offer the most complete services and the need to work as much as possible in the online environment, accelerated the digital transformation processes, offering a new perspective to both customers and employees who were able to experience a large number migrating to work from home.This article pays more attention to the analysis of the direct relationship between staff motivation in the case of work at home and the results obtained, with the final result - the sustainability of the organization's activity.

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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN PUBLIC SERVICE MOTIVATION, WORK ENJOYMENT, AND TASK PERFORMANCE: A PRELIMINARY STUDY OF HEALTHCARE WORKERS IN VIETNAM

Author(s): Thanh Nguyen Nghi,Thu Tran Hang,Thao Tran Dinh / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2022

This study aimed to examine the impact of health workers' public service motivation during their participation in response to the Covid-19 pandemic at a time of the highest number of infections and deaths in Vietnam. This study was conducted through a cross-sectional survey using an intentional sampling technique (n=200). In addition, Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to illustrate the proposed hypotheses. We found that compassion in the workplace, self-sacrifice, and attraction to policy-making impacted work enjoyment positively and significantly. In particular, there was a positive and significant relationship between work enjoyment and task performance but no evidence of the relationship between Commitment to the public interest and work enjoyment. This study further demonstrates the importance of public service motivation of health workers in pandemic response, as previous studies have found. This finding suggests that the government and policymakers in Vietnam should develop policies to promote health workers' public service motivation during their engagement in response to the health crisis.

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NEZDRAVÁ ÉČKA A KVALITNÍ ÍČKA V NAŠÍ KUCHYNI

Author(s): Veronika Nýdrlová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Jsou různé varianty, z čeho budeme vařit, abychom hosty chutně pohostili. V lektorské práci je součástí takových příprav i tvorba týmu. Na jedné straně můžeme oslovit konkrétní lidi, které bychom si přáli v týmu mít a nereagovat na další zájemce z jiných řad, na straně druhé můžeme rozeslat e-mail všem lidem kolem sebe, že máme v plánu dělat nějaký kurz či tábor a zájemci jsou zváni ke spolupráci. Obojí má svá pro a proti (a je možné pohybovat se i na pomyslné škále těchto dvou extrémů), nicméně chceme-li, aby tým šlapal, tak to pro nás znamená, že se všichni členové doplňují a spolupracují.

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Starting an entrepreneurial career: Young entrepreneurs’ profiles.

Author(s): Zuzana Kožárová,Denisa Fedáková / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Objective. The first aim of this paper is to identify the important features of five entrepreneurial career categories: reasons for pursuing entrepreneurship, preparing for entrepreneurship, launch of entrepreneurship, risks and family background. The second aim of the paper is to describe the profiles of young entrepreneurs using the five entrepreneurial career categories. Method. An 80-minute focus group session with 7 young entrepreneurs aged 26 to 30 years led by 2 moderators. The discussion focused on launching the business and its subsequent development. The discussion was audio recorded and transcribed. The transcripts were processed using Atlas.ti software. Results. The qualitative content analysis of the transcriptions revealed the building blocks of the five entrepreneurial career categories. Seven entrepreneur profiles were created. The findings show various elements and factors affect decisions about entrepreneurial careers. Conclusions. The paper contributes to knowledge relating to the content of the five categories, and specifically to beginning an entrepreneurial career. The individual profiles of the young entrepreneurs reveal the diversity, peculiarities and similarities of the beginnings of an entrepreneurial career. The aim behind the young entrepreneur profiles is to provide effective stimuli for university students attending career planning courses. Limitations. The findings presented here are based on a single focus group discussion, and so cannot be generalized. The size and composition of the focus group (age, gender and region) could be considered a limitation, or conversely as a strength.

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IMPROVING WOMEN’S EMPOWERMENT THROUGH EVOLUTION IN KENYA: THE CASE OF NAIROBI AND KAKAMEGA COUNTIES

Author(s): Sylvester Ngome Chisika,Chunho Yeom / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This study aimed to investigate the progress of women's empowerment through employment opportunities in Nairobi and Kakamega Counties in Kenya between 2013 and 2017. Despite the increasing policies that aim to mainstream social equity and equality, there is still a significant gap between policy commitments and practices. The study evaluated whether the implementation of devolved governance in the two counties has improved women's empowerment. The study's framework included an in-depth review of policy documents, official records, and reports from official websites to understand women's economic empowerment status in Nairobi and Kakamega. The study analyzed qualitative and quantitative data from County Integrated Development Plans and other secondary sources. Specifically, it examined compliance with the 30% gender rule, requiring women to hold at least 30% of all elective and appointive positions. The study found that Nairobi commands the largest share of formal sector wage employment in Kenya, and women's access to employment opportunities remains slightly lower than men in both counties. Despite implementing the 30% gender rule, the study revealed the need for more comprehensive policies that promote gender equality and women's economic empowerment in both Nairobi and Kakamega.

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INDIA@75: ASSESSING INDIA’S USE OF SOFT POWER AS A FOREIGN POLICY INSTRUMENT

Author(s): Mohammad Reyaz / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

The term soft power has become a catch-all-phrase for public and cultural diplomacy since Joseph Nye introduced it in 1990. India has had several historical and cultural advantages regarding its influence in foreign countries. While India and Indians enjoyed goodwill in most countries, the sudden interests in India among the policymakers, businesses, and politicians were mainly after the 1992 economic liberalization that had opened the Indian markets to foreign investments. Besides the nation-branding exercises globally, New Delhi employed soft power instruments in countries it deemed to have more significant interests, from traditional allies like Bhutan and Afghanistan to the countries in the West in the last three decades. Nevertheless, how successful has India been in exploiting its cultural linkages and using its soft power in its branding? This question becomes pertinent as, in recent years, India has often received negative press coverage in international media, and on several freedom/democratic indices, its rankings have gone down. As India celebrates 75 years of independence as Azadi ka Mahotsav (a grand celebration of independence), this paper assesses the scope of its soft power as a foreign policy instrument, points out its shortcomings, and recommends the possibilities.

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Съвременна регионална среда за сигурност и военните дисбаланси в Черно море

Author(s): Plamen Dyakov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2s/2024

The Black Sea is such a geographical region which due to its strategic location is a source of many military imbalances. The collapse of the Soviet Union and the subsequent confrontation between the Russian Federation and Ukraine which on February 2022 turned into a full-scale war that led to the creation of new military imbalances in the region. After two years of hostilities Russia’s Black Sea Fleet faces multiple challenges that are a mix of geographic, political and military factors which could lead to major changes in the military balance in the region. Turkey is one of the countries that can have a leading role in the new military and political situation in the Black Sea as it has a powerful navy, as well as the fact Ankara is pursuing specific interests of its own, despite its ties to military alliances or other countries. The US Navy does not have direct access to the Black Sea but the US alongside NATO countries can help rearming its allies in the region. Romania is one of those countries and Bucharest has ambitions to become a kind of NATO hub in the Black Sea. It remains to be seen how all of these factors will affect Bulgaria.

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