Психичното здраве на детето по време на прехода от детска градина в училищe

Author(s): Kalin Grozdev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2017

The author examines the child’s mental health in the transition from compulsory pre-school to firstdegree compulsory education. He applies a complex methodology for studying natural child sensitivity and seeks its importance in acquiring knowledge, formation of ideas, educating basic skills for a healthy lifestyle in the family, kindergarten, school. Develops and recommends educational technology to strengthen the child’s mental health.

Приемане на смъртта и социалната подкрепа

Author(s): Krasimira Petrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2013

The purpose of this article is to outline the main features and principles, for the provision of social support for dying clients. It presents the main theoretical stages in connection with the adoption of the death and the reactions of customers and their relatives, as well as practical guidelines for direct aid in the adoption of death.

Изследване на някои психически качества на 9-годишни ученици след прилагане на модел по подвижни игри

Author(s): Miroslava Petkova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2018

The development of modern school processes and successful problem solving requires a theoretical clarification and practical concretisation of all modern perceptions about the game and in particular about mobile play and its proper use as a means to improve the psychic qualities of pupils from the initial stage of primary education grade. The games help to harmoniously combine the mental, physical and emotional load. The clever use of perceptions, thought, imagination, attention, memory and will in gameplay facilitates the absorption and improvement of various motorized actions. The aim of the present study is to establish and compare some psychic qualities of 9-year-old students from Veliko Tarnovo and Tryavna after applying a training model on mobile games.

Влиянието на пандемията от ковид-19 върху самовъзприятието за тревожност, депресивност и психично благополучие на българите в зряла възраст

Author(s): Ivanka Asenova,Liliana Stoyanova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 14/2022

The report presents the results of a study aiming to examine possible changes in the levels of anxiety, depression and psychological well-being, which occurred in Bulgarians due to living in the Covid-19 pandemic for two years. A total of 76 individuals aged 22-60 years (average age 38 years; 32 men and 44 women; 39 of whom had recovered from Covid-19) were examined through three self-assessment questionnaires adapted for the Bulgarian population: the Spielberger's anxiety test, the Heubeck and Neill’s Mental Health Inventory and the Zung’s Depression Scale. The participants were asked to complete the questionnaires twice – once assessing themselves at the present moment and once for the period before the Covid-19 pandemic, with at least 3-5 days between the two assessments. The results showed a significant increase in the levels of psychological distress, state anxiety and depression, and a decrease in psychological well-being two years after the start of the pandemic, with both gender and recovery from Covid-19 having significant effects on the pattern of changes found.

Bevezető a Fordulat 31. számához

Author(s): Gergely Csányi,Tibor Fehér,Dóra Máriási,Kata Dóra Kiss,Eszter Horváth / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 31/2022

Az őrület kockázata. Pszichiátria mint politikatudomány

Author(s): Nikolas Rose / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 31/2022

„A népért való pszichoterápia” Freud, Ferenczi és a hátrányos helyzetű emberekkel végzett pszichoanalitikus munka

Author(s): Daniel J. Gaztambide / Language(s): Hungarian Issue: 31/2022

Judith S. Kestenberg i ucieczka w (nie)pamięć o Zagładzie

Author(s): Klara Naszkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 18/2022

This article reconstructs the biography and the complex, intercultural, and international identity of Judith S. Kestenberg (1910–1999) – a Polish Jew born in an Orthodox family in Galicia, Austria-Hungary; a medical student in Vienna; an emigrant to the United States; a pioneer of psychoanalysis and therapeutic work with Holocaust survivors, dealing with the trauma of a daughter of Holocaust victims; and, last but not least, a mother and wife. The text presents the complex circumstances of Kestenberg’s departure from Austria in mid-1937 and her metaphorical escapes from the unbearable reality of the war and the Holocaust, as well as her complicated, ambiguous, and evolving attitude toward the losses and traumas suffered as a result of the war, the Holocaust, and the emigration, as well as toward Jewish and Polish identity. The article presents Kerstenberg’s personal attitude toward the Shoah which resulted from her losing her parents and her obsessive dedication to therapeutic work with the Holocaust survivors. During the first post-war decades in the milieus of Jewish survivors, immigrants, and even mental health professionals (including psychoanalysts) dominant was the conviction that it was better to forget the war, trauma, and loss. In 1968 Kestenberg began to create a new field of knowledge dedicated to survivors who had experienced wartime persecutions at a very young age. She believed that the only way to deal with the difficult past events was to talk about them, acknowledge them, and preserve them in the individual and collective memory. The author reconstructed the history of Kestenberg’s family history and her biography on the basis of archival sources. Official historical sources usually ignore the voices and experiences of minorities, including women, Jews, immigrants, and non-citizens. This is why this article utilizes personal history materials such as memoirs, letters, published and unpublished interviews, and oral history (speeches, and the conversations I have had) as well as Kestenberg’s texts about her research on survivors.

Treatment of Trauma Using Horse Assisted Education in Poland

Author(s): Karolina Czarnecka,Kathleen Farkas,Jaroslaw R. Romaniuk / Language(s): English Issue: Sp. issue/2023

Trauma-informed care requires a sound therapeutic relationship to address trauma symptoms. People with trauma symptoms often cannot use their communication skills or do not possess the emotional stability to talk with others, and many drop out of treatment. Horse Assisted Education employs a partnership of horse and humans which leads to engagement and participation in experiential and narrative trauma treatment leading to sustained change and recovery. This paper illustrates a model of Horse Assisted Education in Poland, its application in the treatment of trauma symptoms. Three case studies are used to discuss the ways in which the human-animal partnerships foster therapeutic engagement and facilitate experiential learning and insight into trauma symptoms and recovery.

„Preludium rewolty”. Bunt kobiet w poezji Joanny Mueller

Author(s): Monika Glosowitz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1 (21)/2023

The aim of this article is to answer the question about the causes of oversights, silences and shifts in the critical-literary reception of Joanna Mueller’s poetry. The author analyses discussions of the poet’s successive books and demonstrates the workings of what she calls the ‘double standard’ of the language of criticism; this mechanism has enabled repeated gestures to discredit the importance of this poetry, and has its origins in critics’ specific elaboration of the experience and subject of motherhood, whose poetic thematisation is often met with negative critical commentary. This analysis is juxtaposed with an alternative proposal for reconstructing the main line of Mueller’s poetic story of motherhood, a story in which individual personal experience becomes the basis for building a community of women based on experiencing the oppression they share. Joanna Mueller’s work has certainly been recognised by critics and has been widely (albeit irregularly) commented on and described, so the writer functions in the broad field of literary production and popularisation in Poland.

Ķermenis un afekta reprezentācija Ilmāra Blumberga portretu sērijās

Author(s): Iveta Feldmane / Language(s): Latvian Issue: 27/2023

The article analyses painter, graphic artist and stage designer Ilmārs Blumbergs’ (1943–2016) artworks in which he thematises the body as his intimate space subject to finality and death. Besides existential and intellectual issues, Blumbergs has always been interested in human physical existence in art. Searches for the meaning of the body and bodily states are an important theme in Blumbergs’ art. The author interprets Blumbergs’ self-portraits as imprints of his individual experience. They embody the transformations of the portrait genre in Latvian art since the 1980s; thus in his case, the traditional boundaries of the genre are significantly expanded. Affect theory as a critical discourse in the social sciences and humanities surged in the mid-1990s. This article deals with affect theory and the possibilities of using it in the interpretation of artworks. The author provides a brief insight into the history of studying affect, the meaning of the terms affectus and affectio in the shaping of two paradigms in this theory: affect as an elementary state and affect as an intensive power. The article emphasises those facets of the theory which relate to the body, bodily reactions as well as aspects of the artwork’s creation and perception. Several theoretical approaches of how to view an artwork through the prism of affect theory have been examined in the article. Focusing on the aspect of the affect’s working and influence, the French philosopher Gilles Deleuze (1925–1995), in collaboration with the philosopher and psychoanalyst Felix Guattari (1939–1992), developed the theoretical trend of affect as an intensive force, and this perspective seems to be the most appropriate for the research of art. According to Deleuze’s and Guattari’s philosophical stance, affect is a result of the clash between organic or inorganic bodies; it is also present in the artwork as a peculiar aesthetics of materials and forms where colouring, surface texture, mass and volume are significant. Considering the mutual connection between affect and body, the article outlines several conceptions of the body identifiable in Blumbergs’ art, including body as a space where the battle for survival takes place, and the performative body as a constituent part of the artwork. The author takes up the interpretation of works titled “Me Myself in Strontium Radiation” (2010–2012) and “My Head in Strontium Radiation”, concluding that Blumbergs’ body in “Strontium” works is real, corporeal and affected by external conditions, while at the same time being abstract too. Material and abstract features are united in the context of affect studies. In other words, the body depicted in the artwork and related to the affect can be viewed as an indivisible unity embracing both spiritual and material substances. From the perspective of Deleuze’s affect theory defining affect as an intensive force, the idea of active matter comes to the fore. Strontium radiation depicted in Blumbergs’ paintings is a representation of “expressive” matter. The author invites viewers to spot connotations of affect and bodily reactions in several of Blumbergs’ works. In the performance “The Drawings are in the Box” (2003), the artist has used his body as a part of the artwork. Equipped with sheets of paper, charcoal sticks and loose charcoal, the artist drew lines and scratches with his naked body, leaving traces on the plane of the paper. Creating a soundtrack was important for this performance. Alongside other associations, emotions and reflection possibly caused by this artwork, the viewer (listener) could have quite an affective reaction of goosebumps caused by such a sound. In the series of photographic portraits “House-Keeping” (2002) Blumbergs has captured himself and his closest associates, emphasising the process of aging. In these photographic works he stresses the biological nature of the human body, its inescapable finality that is the main bodily limitation experienced by everyone. Body and ash as a metaphor or tangible matter is revealed in ten large-sized photographs, portraying a man’s body and skin that was part of the multi-media exposition in the exhibition “A Prayer for Seeing” in the Riga Gallery in 2004. The motif of ashes has a special place in Blumbergs’ art as a connection with his friend Imants Tilbergs (1939–2023) who was Blumbergs’ model or alter ego in most photographs as well as in the short films “Man” (2004), “Room” (2007) and “Ashes” (2010). In the film “Man”, Blumbergs created a peculiar human portrait in the interior. Blumbergs himself and Tilbergs are doing performative actions but the shabby room with dusty furniture and a rundown sofa serve as a static background for naked male figures, briefly entering the shot in a disorderly and unexpected manner. The film lasts no more than a few minutes but its viewing demands concentration from the spectator who is confronted with a rapid change of shots and a sudden noise able to cause anxiety by the means of image and sound. Therefore, besides the thematisation of the body, one can speak about yet another point of intersection between affect and art in the context of this video – the artwork’s ability to cause not only certain emotional states but also to affect the viewer directly. The author concludes the article with at least three conceptions of the body emerging in Blumbergs’ art. Firstly, this is the body as an inner, closed space where the ongoing processes are captured. Secondly, representation of the body as it interacts and connects with other bodies, with space and the outer world. Thirdly, the body as a constituent part of the artwork, meaning its direct involvement in the artwork as a performative act. Discussion about affect in the context of Blumbergs’ art is significant because spiritual and bodily dimensions, the latter unfortunately and inevitably encountering illness, are equally manifested in his art.

En deçà et au-delà du cauchemar chez Samuel Beckett, avec un effet de halo sur Film

Author(s): Liviu Dospinescu / Language(s): French Issue: 1/2023

The oneiric universe is present in almost all of Samuel Beckettʼs work, if only in the aspect of a form of reverie as found in modified states of consciousness, distinct from the usual states of mind, and which are often quite closeto trance or hypnotic states, or even, sometimes, to quite problematic psychologicalstates. At first glance, all of Beckettʼs characters are dreamers, but by dint offollowing them in their inner turmoil, we may discover the signs of a deeper if notfunding activity of the spirit. Oneirism in Beckett, when it is not the simplerepresentation of its phenomenality, can be part of an articulatory strategy ofsimulacra of deep experiences of the psyche, most of the time in connection withexistential questions which are neatly brought into the spectatorʼs field ofconsciousness, so that, with the guard down or in no way forced to “connect” to the genre of discourse, (s)he finally lets her/ himself be experientially inhabited by it.In the opening of this article, I will present a brief overview of the formal, aspectualdiversity of oneirism in a few short pieces by Samuel Beckett: …but the clouds…,Nacht und Träume, What Where and Ghost Trio. Then, most of the development isdedicated to the descriptive analysis of Samuel Beckett’s Film, which will highlightthe richness of dreamlike forms and contents from his uniquely non-verbaldiscourse. Its aspectual diversity ranges from philosophy with phenomenologicaland existential tints, to the anthropology of rites and popular beliefs, and even topsychoanalysis, for the sharpness of the figures of the work of the dream which relate to it, as surprised in the field of manifestations of this unique cinematographic work.

Psychopoetic Encounters: Figurations of Difficulty

Author(s): Mieke Bal / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

While going through some cultural expressions in texts and images, this article proposes reflections on ways in which the practice of poetics, in the sense of creative making, needs to encounter, address, and overcome difficulty in order to facilitate the contribution of the imagination and the acts of “imaging” it allows, to the figuration of the new. Encounter is the key word, indicating plurality and process. Nothing is fixed; hence, not “identity” as something permanent, but instead, in the encounter, identification with others, other fields, other ideas, other images becomes appealing and possible.In the painstaking attempts to think up new ideas, one encounters difficulty, which needs to be overcome. Only through encounters this becomes thinkable, and that makes imaging something so far unheard of, possible. The ‘poetic’ side of psychopoetics, making through (as traversing) and with (as its material) the reflections emanating from the unconscious as they appear at the edge of consciousness, is what binds together the different disciplines as we know them, in a knot of creativity, imagining, and thinking what we did not know.

The Biological Unconscious, Memory and Identity in Charles Fernyhough’s A Box of Birds

Author(s): Maria Margaroni / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

This essay proposes to critically engage with dominant materialist and narrative models of human identity, addressing the old, ‘tired’ question of subjectivity from a twenty-first century perspective. Drawing on contemporary neuroscientific theory and Lacanian psychoanalysis, I aim to read Charles Fernyhough’s A Box of Birds (2012) as a creative reflection on the nature of memory, consciousness and the unconscious. As I shall demonstrate, what lies at the heart of Fernyhough’s reflection is the Platonic allegory of the mind as an aviary. Taken up and re-interpreted by different characters in the novel, this allegory permits Fernyhough to experiment with contemporary discourses of neuro-subjectivity, tracing a richer, more dynamic relation among mind, brain and body.

Pnin’s Unforgettable Digressions: Towards a Nabokovian Approach to the Unconscious

Author(s): Zihao Liu / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2023

Defining the unconscious in a Husserlian manner as that which appears through reproductive acts of consciousness, this article attempts to investigate how Vladimir Nabokov tackles this theme in Pnin both as a stylist and as a storyteller. Nabokov understands literature as the art of language that imposes lived experiences on readers, and he achieves literary representations of the unconscious in Pnin by juxtaposing experiences containing tacit expectations that are incongruent with one another. Tracking the scenes where Pnin performs reproductive acts throughout the novel, it is found that the unconscious functions as a thematic pattern in Pnin and mirrors the protagonist’s progress in his quixotic war against cruelty and callousness in the world.

A PERSONALITY JOURNEY – HISTORY, DEFINITIONS AND THEORIES OF PERSONALITY

Author(s): Camelia Ioana Ienciu (Popa) / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

The article brings into discussion the history, several definitions and distinct theories of personality, all presented and described in a nutshell. Personality psychology belongs to the category of one of the most comprehensive and integrative branches of the psychological sciences. Defining personality is not an easy assignment, and the different answers given by people, theorists or psychologists have found expression throughout history in distinct fields such as philosophy, religion, law, art, politics or science. Each person understands the term ‘personality’ in different manners and, perhaps, this is the main reason why there can be found so many personality theories. One of the most important aspects of each personality theory has to deal with the image of human nature. Therefore, theorists express their personal conception of human nature, which concentrates on the fundamental issues of what it truly means to be human. Sigmund Freud, Carl Gustav Jung, Alfred Adler and Erik Erikson are only several names that belong to the psychodynamic theories which emphasize the unconscious. People’s consciousness can hardly embrace various significant characteristics of personality held beyond awareness. Sigmund Freud is the theorist who elaborated the first theory of personality, entitled psychoanalysis. He explains that the most part of our personality is unconscious and that the individuals’ instincts are merely sexual and aggressive. Carl Jung is well-known for the theory named analytical psychology. He considered the unconscious as being notably important, but in many other aspects he disagreed with Freud. For instance, in Jung’s opinion, there are many other valuable instincts besides sexuality and aggressiveness. Alfred Adler is another famous name who invented another theory of personality, the individual psychology. Unlike Freud or Jung, Alfred believed that the unconscious is meaningless and that personality is not shaped by instincts at all.

TYRANNY IN RICHARD III. A JUNGIAN PSYCHOANALYTIC APPROACH TO ITS AETIOLOGY AND PSYCHOGENESIS

Author(s): Emilian Tîrban / Language(s): English Issue: 36/2024

“Richard III” has fascinated the world of theatre and the intellectual endeavour of literary criticism for centuries by displaying Shakespeare's intemperate interest in portraying the tyrant’s psychology. To locate the psychogenesis and aetiological elements that influenced the protagonist's violent ambitions, the present article will focus on psychoanalytic interpretations of Richard III's psyche emphasising the underlying tyrannical propensity of his behaviour and environmental causes. As a result, this article will also look at the collective shortcomings portrayed in the play, such as the family and community's failure to accept responsibility for fostering tyrannical behavioural patterns in Richard. Given Richard's centrality and the play's minute investigations into the workings of a tyrant's mind, this article aims to present an interpretation of Shakespeare's first attempt at portraying the (psycho)genesis and demise of a tyrant concerning his later tragedies. Occasional comparisons might show how Shakespeare's portrayal of the psyche's tortuous development in tragedy has evolved from 1592-3, the years “Richard III” was written and first performed (Bloom “Invention” xv), into the "tragic period" (Bradley 84) of 1600-1606 (with “Hamlet”, “King Lear”, and “Macbeth” especially). Investigating Richard's descent from psychic integrity to psychic atrophy will best demonstrate Shakespeare's early attempt to depict a tyrant’s mental cosmetics by focusing on the Marlovian overabundances of character that make Richard III such a puzzling figure. This article shows how Richard is psychologically different from Shakespeare's later tragic protagonists, whose psyches are partly accessible to them, but are tapped into to an eventually fatal effect.

Literackie sny zwierząt po psychoanalizie. Przypadek psów. Studium porównawcze

Author(s): Piotr Krupiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 14/2023

The main objective of the paper is to compare two short stories: “Dog’s Dream” by Stefan Flukowski and “Waiting for the Dog to Dream” by Jerzy Ficowski. The element that both narratives have in common, as their titles indicate, is the question of their onirism. This is especially evident in Flukowski’s story, which almost in its entirety is a record of a “literary dream of psychoanalysis” (to use Inga Iwasiów’s phrase). The short story represents a fascination with Sigmund Freud, common to many writers of the interwar period, especially when it comes to his “Interpretation of Dreams.” Yet, an additional difficulty for the author of this article is the fact that the main characters of these stories – those who dream – are animals, i.e. dogs. This type of a narrative experiment demands an interpretative transgression beyond literary studies, towards natural sciences. The study includes many references to such disciplines as neurobiology, aetiology and evolutionary cognitive science.

Socrates at Work: Philosophical Counselling for Leadership Development and Employee Well-Being

Author(s): İhsan Çitli,Ramazan Çarkı / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In the modern world, the understanding of philosophy as an abstract, speculative and impractical pursuit has led to its dismissal by many people as a useless field of knowledge. However, throughout history, philosophy has consistently addressed fundamental concerns related to human existence and to the world of living. On the other hand, today’s organizations grapple with concerns similar to fundamental philosophical issues. They involve ethical conduct, ethical leadership, and well-being. Thus, philosophizing may pave the way for the solution of problems related to these topics within modern organizations. In this context, philosophical counselling may be a useful perspective that organizations should benefit from. It may be integrated into many management and human resource practices to harness the power of philosophy for dealing with ethical and ontological problems of employees. For this purpose, this study aims to review the literature on philosophical counselling and to explore how leadership development and employee well-being programmes increase the power of philosophical counselling. Based on the review, propositions for integrating philosophical counselling into organizations as an employee assistance service is discussed.

Хиперментално-неосъзнаваното в изобразителното изкуство през втората половина на ХХ–началото на ХХІ век

Author(s): Krasimir Delchev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2024

The article analyzes the hypermental unconscious during the latter half of the 20th and early 21st centuries.