Czarny scenariusz. Strategie obrazowania potransformacyjnego Górnego Śląska w Sercu z węgla i Benku

Author(s): Alicja Kosterska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

Based on an analysis of pop cultural representations – the reality television show Serce z węgla [Heart of Coal, 2001] and the feature film Benek [Benek, 2007] – Kosterka examines the visualization of post-transformation Upper Silesia in 21st-century Polish film. She draws on psychoanalysis to explore why Upper Silesia has become attractive especially to those directors who aim to highlight the negative consequences of the socio-economic transformations after 1989: poverty, unemployment, frustration and a lack of perspective. The aim of this article is to draw readers’ attention to the fact that in 21st-century representations, Upper Silesia is mostly understood, visualized and spoken about as a space of ‘wilful exclusion,’ which has helped solidify the post-transformation status quo.

Polscy akcjoniści. Przyczynek do genealogii i teorii polskiej sztuki krytycznej

Author(s): Marcin Kościelniak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2015

Karol Sienkiewicz’s book Zatańczą ci, co drżeli [Those Who Trembled Shall Dance] has revived the debate on the genealogy of Polish critical art. Kościelniak enters into the conversation by placing two dramatic works within this framework, namely Tadeusz Różewicz’s Do piachu [Into the Sand] and Helmut Kajzar’s Koniec półświni [The End of the Half-Pig]. He argues that there is structural and political similarity with the Viennese Actionists – the pioneers of critical art. Kościelniak grounds his interpretation of Różewicz and Kajza in Julia Kristeva’s theory of the abject. Addressing the fact that art of the abject tends to be automatically associated with critical art, Kościelniak discusses the limits of art’s critical function.

Factor structure of the Scale of Evaluation of Body Dissatisfaction for Adolescents (EEICA) among students from Slovakia, Hungary and Lithuania

Author(s): Lucia Hricová,Oľga Orosová,Beáta Gajdošová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 1/2016

Background: Body dissatisfaction is important to examine as it is an essential evaluative part of the self-system and can have an impact on psychological and physical health. It is a complex phenomenon and seems to include more factors. The scale of body dissatisfaction for adolescents (EEICA) is a multidimensional verbal method measuring body dissatisfaction. However, its factor structure has only been identified in a Spanish adolescent sample. Aim: The main aim of this study is to identify factors of the EEICA for university students from Slovakia, Hungary and Lithuania. Methods: 2357 first year university students completed the EEICA online as part of the SLiCE study. Principal axis factoring with Varimax rotation was performed for each country separately. Intercorrelations between factors via the Pearson correlation coefficient were tested as well. Results: The study revealed a three-factor structure of the EEICA in each country (Self-acceptance and acceptance by others based on appearance, Weight control together with efforts to improve one´s appearance and Low weight dissatisfaction) after excluding 9 items. In addition, the results revealed a significant association between body evaluation and behavior connected to body appearance. Conclusions: This factor structure helps to distinguish between (1) cognitive and emotional body evaluation and (2) behavioral aspects connected to body appearance. This structure differs from the previous factor structure in Spanish adolescents and it has revealed a new relevant factor named Low weight dissatisfaction, which has so far been rarely explored. Future research may focus on this factor as well as on the complex validation of the EEICA in different age categories.

Vliv temperamentu a self-esteem na resilienci u vysokoškolských studentů

Author(s): Jan Sebastian Novotný,Klára Seidlová,Adéla Tarinová / Language(s): Slovak Issue: 2/2016

The aim of this study was to analyze the direct and indirect effects of temperament personality characteristics on the resilience and the role of self-esteem in the indirect effect. The research sample consisted of 96 university students. The research sample consisted of 96 college students aged 19 to 30 years (M = 21.75, SD = 2.07). Adults Temperament Questionnaire, Resilience Scale for Adults, and Rosenberg Self-Esteem Scale were used. The effects were analyzed with a structural model (path analysis). The resulting model showed good fit: χ2 (2, 96) = .3.974, p = .137, CFI = .986, TLI = .930, RMSEA = .102 (90% CI = .000, .250, PCLOSE = .202), SRMR = .045 and power (.98). The results showed a direct and indirect impact of temperament characteristics on resilience. Negative affectivity and extraversion affect self-esteem (β = –.36, p < .001; β = .21, p = .031; R2 = .233). Negative affectivity showed a direct negative effect on perception of self (β = –.46, p < .001) and planned future (β = –.33, p < .001), and the indirect effect through self-esteem (β = –.11, p < .001 and β = .07, p < .01). Extraversion affects the perception of self and planned future only indirectly through self-esteem (β = –.46, p < .001 and β = .06, p < .01). Identified effects of variables (direct and indirect effect of negative affectivity and indirect effect of extraversion) explain the relatively large proportion of the variance of perception of self (R2 = .425) and planned future (R2 = .289). Limitation of the study is the small sample of respondents and its specificity (university students), which does not allow the abstraction on the general adult population. From a practical standpoint, it appears that targeted support of positive self-esteem (especially) in individuals who are characterized by the less desirable structure of temperament (so-called “difficult temperament”) may act as a compensatory mechanism of the temperament’s effect on the ability to adaptively respond to environmental challenges and difficult situations in life. As an ideal combination seems to be the support/development (1) of positive self-esteem and (2) the ability to control/modify (behavioral) manifestations of temperament.

Powrót terrorystki. Przypadek Brigitte Mohnhaupt

Author(s): Beata Łazarz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to analyse works from the series ‘Sympathy for the Devil?/The Wretched of the Earth’ (2008-2011) by the British artist Esiri Erheriene-Essi. The central figure is Brigitte Mohnhaupt, the German terrorist responsible for the most brutal attacks perpetrated by the Red Army Faction (RAF). Łazarz draws on psychoanalytical tools, especially ones based on the works of on Sigmund Freud and Hanna Segal. Her analysis suggests that the creation of Mohnhaupt’s portrait allowed the artist to engage in a sort of public autotherapy that made it possible to confront herself with her own emotions relating to terrorism, to become aware of ambivalence and to become empathic towards the protagonist. Her audience can participate in this experience, both consciously and unconsciously.

Anaphores argumentatives. Entre l’axe sémantico-pragmatique et l’axe rhétorico-discursif

Author(s): Françoise Collinet / Language(s): French Issue: 28/2016

This paper focuses on two questions. Firstly, how the use of argumentative anaphora to express an opinion / truth dissociation (Perelman) should be described in terms of grammatical / lexical resources. The other question has a methodological dimension: in which aspects could this approach distinguish itself from linguistic or discursive studies?

Varia: „Przynależność do narodu kompletnie pozbawionego znaczenia”. Soren Gauger jako polski pisarz z Kanady

Author(s): Piotr Marecki / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Soren Gauger is a Canadian writer who has decided to write in Polish. The author of the article examines the writer’s motivations, the way he develops his ideas and his first literary creation in Polish. Soren Gauger’s works reflect his attitude towards Polish culture where he invents defence mechanisms based on feelings of inferiority. In Soren Gauger’s literary works he can be seen to be disregarding the influence of popular trends in hegemonic cultures, referring to old and old-fashioned works, and styling himself on marginality and fantasticality.

Uraz – bliskość – nie‑pamięć. Psychoanalityczny dyskurs traumy od Freuda do Ettinger

Author(s): Anna Kisiel / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

Trauma is a notion whose perception in the psychoanalytic discourse has undergone dynamic changes, starting from the transfer of this concept to the psychic ground, through the conceptualisation of its impossibility of being shared, ending with Bracha L. Ettinger’s intervention. The aim of this paper is twofold: to track these changes and to (re)define the potential of the trauma discourse(s). After the analysis of main assumptions concerning the psychic wound in the thought of the fathers of psychoanalysis, the author proceeds to the branch of trauma studies influenced by the Holocaust, so as to finally introduce Bracha L. Ettinger – a clinical psychoanalyst, theoretician, artist, feminist and member of the Second Generation after the Holocaust – and her matrixial theory. As the author endeavours to demonstrate, this thought provides us with the tools to rethink the shape and possibilities of the trauma discourse.

Śmierć i rola trupów w „martwych przestrzeniach”

Author(s): Agnieszka Kłos / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article focuses on the presentation of basic features of the camp world in the memoirs of former prisoners as a space of tangled categories defined as dead and alive. The world of values described by the witnesses illustrates a significant change in the generational awareness: the birth of a new dimension of the narrative. The text stresses the role, meaning and change in distinctive features of the genres related to memoir literature. The traditional typology, based on the universal rules of distinguishing the genres from one another, gives way to a more open formula, striving for “communicational orientating.” In the article, the “consciousness” of the prisoner’s body and its basic strategies are presented. The author provides an overview of gulag stories, revealing the perspective of the body, whose “adventures” in Auschwitz form the central narrative axis of these statements. The camp body transforming into the dead body, returning intermittently to the order of the living, overlays the whole camp space, to finally become its most capacious symbol. In the prisoners’ memoirs, it is a biological organism, a cell within a living organism, and a part of the scenery, both the real one – the horizon, the landscape – and the cultural one, as it builds this place (cemetery). A special role in these narrations is assigned to the corpses, which are proofs of the experienced loneliness, fragments of the camp landscape, reminders of the physical fragility, subjects of jokes, vaudevilles and songs, but also documentaries filmed during the functioning of Auschwitz concentration camp.

Холистичният подход като актуална практика в социалната работа с деца в риск

Author(s): Rositza Mihaylova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2017

Holistic approach in social work with children at risk is current practice that helps the efficiency and quality of social services for children in these target groups. This report addresses the concept of a holistic approach and its application in current modern practice of social work.

Проблемът за пасивната синтеза у Хусерл

Author(s): Maya Georgieva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

Transcendental subjectivity becomes a problem for Husserl in relation to the egological consciousness. Genetic phenomenology must reveal the paradoxical nature of the time of consciousness, which is not equal to the consciousness of time. The answer is in the passive synthesis, shaping up the pre-reflexive, in the so-called “live present”, the flow of consciousness.

Съвременният човек през погледа на Ерих Фром

Author(s): Stoil Mavrodiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

This article analyzes the Being and the problems of modern man, as well as the relation between individual and society through the works of Erich Fromm. Issues such as destructiveness of individuals and communities, outlined are the “diseases” of modern times: alienation, broken identity, loneliness.

Лишаването от свобода в границите и отвъд границите на съзнанието

Author(s): Emil Angelov Madzharov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2017

This theoretical study presents conceptual views on the psychological mechanisms through which the regime, the social-educational work and the prison subculture influence on the mental functioning of prisoners.The penitentiary institution provides constructive and destructive transformations of the conscious layers into unconscious ones, as well as the reverse process.

Polak Mały i fantazja impotencji

Author(s): Adam Lipszyc / Language(s): Polish Issue: 6/2016

Lipszyc analyses Polish collective memory from a psychoanalytical perspective. Building on the work of Melanie Klein and its application to international relations as proposed by Hanna Segal, he tries to show that the Polish collective subject and the memory that defines it exist in a particular form of the paranoid-schizoid position. The defining characteristic of this position is a fantasy of one’s own impotence, which allows the subject to disregard his or her own agency and to eschew responsibility for his or her own actions. Lipszyc enhances his analysis by drawing on Walter Benjamin’s notions on myth and the demonic.

Себепознанието в поезията на Иван Вазов

Author(s): Valentin Vergilov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 8/2017

In this study the author searches for the conceptual messages in the poetry of Bulgarian Literature’s Patriarch, which suggest that only by a strong will, faith and a quest for knowledge and self-development, can one rise to the true freedom of personality and spirit. And with his high civic conscience, with the educational beginning, the realistic delight and satirical orientation of his work, Ivan Vazov shows how people of his “rank” cannot and should not keep silent when making decisions with important consequences for the people.

Емпатия и рефлексия

Author(s): Neli Kaneva,Kristiana Buldeeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2017

Empathy and reflection are important thematical fields in today’s theoretical psychology and psychological practice. The current report outlines the essence of each one of these phenomena, their similarities and dissimilarities.

Ученето в природонаучното познание и страхът от провал

Author(s): Nikolay Tsankov,Veska Guyviiska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2018

The main problem discussed in this article is related to the reasons as to how and why fear dominates students’ learning process in education institutions. A right approach toward the topic requires first an investigation of the cognitive aspects of fear, especially when we talk about nature and science knowledge and studies. The research reveals and analyses the main concept characteristics of fear, connected to different ways of thinking and understanding the learning process. Some fear barriers of the learning process have been outlined. The empirical defense of the ideas is based on the research ideas of Daniel Kahneman, an Israeli-American psychologist, and his work on the psychology of judgment and decision-making in conditions of inexplicitness. The empirical data used for the research includes inquiries into students and teachers’ opinion of fear of learning. It is based on the concept of cognitive niches in thinking, which become barriers to learning. In the field of natural science education this problem deserves special attention.

Педагогически условия за постигане на режим на преодоляване на детската самота

Author(s): Alexandra Kovacheva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

This article identifies and analyzes the necessary pedagogical conditions for overcoming children`s loneliness. Five conditions for prevention and correction of loneliness were identified. These are: resilience; relationships; optimism; competences; emotional skills.

Interpreting neoliberalism with Foucault and Lacan – fantasy, depression and the entrepreneurial subjectivity

Author(s): Milan A. Urošević / Language(s): English,Serbian Issue: 3/2024

The article is dedicated to the construction of a unique theoretical framework aimed at understanding the phenomenon of neoliberalism. In this regard, we primarily rely on the conceptual framework of the governmentality theory, which originates from the work of Michel Foucault. For a better understanding of how neoliberalism interpellates individuals, we will complement the conceptual framework with Lacanian psychoanalysis. We will demonstrate how such a synthesis allows for overcoming the conceptual gap that exists in the governmentality theory between the rationality of governmental regimes and the subjectivity of individuals. We will apply the theoretical synthesis of the governmentality theory and Lacanian psychoanalysis to understand how the neoliberal regime mobilizes subjects into appropriate forms of action, inducing them to adopt the model of subjectivity that Foucault calls homo economicus. Finally, we will examine the phenomenon of depression and show how our theoretical framework can establish a connection between neoliberalism, neoliberal subjectivity, and depression as a mental disorder.

The Success of Philosophy by Umberto Galimberti

Author(s): Nora Goleshevska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2024