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Фридрих Ницше – новата религия на метафизическия нихилизъм

Author(s): Rosen Rachev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2018

Human life is an endless sequence of problem situations and ways to overcome them. Friedrich Nietzsche proclaims doubt and nihilism as forms of existence in problem situation. They are the foundation of the „reassessment of all values“. This reassessment is oriented to traditional, approved and wide spread principles and norms in society. The skepticism is an initial position and a transitional stage of denial. If someone denies something without thinking of it, he acts emotionally. Friedrich Nietzsche is a nihilist because his attitude is based on doubts, which are rationally motivated. In this paper the arguments are derived from his books “Thus Spoke Zarathustra”, “The Antichrist” and “Twilight of the Idols”.

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Mind and Body Transformations through Visual Art

Author(s): Ann Millett-Gallant / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

This essay narrates my experiences as a congenital amputee and survivor of traumatic brain injury (TBI) through analysis of artwork. With art history and art therapy, I have cathartically mediated conscious and corporeal loss. I will analyse key visual examples to illustrate my disability, trauma and mind/body transformations. The article maintains that trauma is not an isolated event, but a conscious, collective and dynamic phenomenon.

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Borderline Knowing: (Re)Valuing Borderline Personality Disorder as (Counter) Knowledge

Author(s): Sarah Redikopp / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

This article explores Borderline Personality Disorder (BPD) as an epistemic standpoint defiant of dominant Western knowledge frameworks, which are (supposedly) rational, objective and linear. I engage with feminist, critical psychiatry and Mad critiques of BPD as a medicalization of trauma and ameliorate these critiques by engaging BPD as both a psychiatric diagnosis and as a (non-pathological) response to traumatic experiences. I conceptualize the ‘borderline standpoint’ as a subversive epistemology and examine the capacity of queer-crip temporalities to meaningfully engage with the borderline standpoint, arguing that a framework of queer time is useful insofar as trauma (and borderline knowing) are necessarily nonlinear. Ultimately, I employ concepts of queer-crip time, including the works of Alison Kafer and Elizabeth Freeman, to open new avenues of engagement with the ‘ugly’ affect of borderline and to embark on a maddening epistemological project.

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To Leap First Down into the Trench: Tristram Shandy’s Critique of the Wounds of War

Author(s): Tracy Anne Travis / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

While scholars have mined Laurence Sterne’s Tristram Shandy to understand the form and development of the novel as a literary genre, a central narrative element that has garnered significant scholarly attention is Tristram’s troubled Uncle Toby ‒ a veteran of the Nine Years War who bears a mysterious wound in the groin and who is obsessed with understanding war through the construction and use of miniature battle re-enactments. By recognizing Uncle Toby as a central character of Tristram Shandy and by contextualizing the novel as war literature, this essay demonstrates that Uncle Toby’s struggles to express his ambiguous trauma suffered as a soldier become a critical commentary on the social structures and circumstances that lead to the experiences of wounded veterans. Situating Tristram Shandy in the context of war literature, this article reveals how Toby’s character plays on Enlightenment conceptions of honour and valour as motivators for soldiers. Furthermore, the article argues that applying the theory of Moral Injury (long present but largely unnamed in war literature), rather than the tempting diagnosis of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), allows for a more holistic understanding of Toby’s critical commentary.

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Railways of Desire: Prus – Freud – Grabiński

Author(s): Tomasz Kaliściak / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2017

This article portrays modern masculinity at the turn of the nineteenth and twentieth cen¬turies, when modern technologies, especially the railway and the steam engine, forged new images of masculinity. By revealing human passions, the railway modernized not only social and economic life but also the life of the psyche. Thereby it influenced the for¬mation of psychoanalytical discourses. In tune with Freud’s concept of the sex drive, the railway was inscribed into the economy of male desire, thus forming the framework to ex¬press literary characters’ identity. The transformative effect that modern mechanization had on models of masculinity is visible in the male characters in works of fiction where the railway features prominently, such as the works of Stefan Grabiński, but it also marks the character Stanisław Wokulski in Bolesław Prus’s novel The Doll. Modernization is as¬sociated with concepts such as “railway neurosis” or “dissociative fugue” (ambulatory automatism), which Kaliściak discusses as prototypes of male hysteria.

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Ролята на консултативния кабинет в училище за обща подкрепа и личностно развитие на учениците

Author(s): Vesela Dimitrova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 6/2018

Counseling is one of the main activities performed by the school psychologist and pedagogical counselor – by diagnosing the personality, supporting and motivating students, teachers and parents, mediating and group work. Establish conditions for an effective learning process, support interpersonal relationships, participate in solving conflict situations, methodically support the pedagogical team, support the opportunities for personal expression and realization of the students‘ abilities, by observing and analyzing diagnostic tests. The article introduces the characteristics specific to the activity of school psychologists and pedagogical advisors.

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Invincible yet Vulnerable: Race, Disability and Trauma in South Africa after Oscar Pistorius

Author(s): Nontsasa Nako / Language(s): English Issue: 01/2018

When the global sporting icon, Paralympian and Olympian Oscar Pistorius was accused of killing his girlfriend, Reeva Steenkamp on the morning of Valentine’s Day in 2013, one of his many defences was, simply put, that his disability made him do it. An expert witness for the defence made the connection between disability and violence that suggested that disabled people are particularly prone to ‘over-react’ as it were because they feel especially vulnerable. This defence provides the link between the two extremes claimed by Pistorius’s public persona, that of invincibility and vulnerability – extreme physical ability epitomized by sterling sporting prowess and fear of victimisation because of his physical limitation. The formula proposed by this defence is that extreme vulnerability results in extreme aggression. Here I want to analyse what this claim suggests about prevailing social attitudes toward disability and disabled people, particularly in post-apartheid South Africa – or more accurately in post-TRC (Truth and Reconciliation Commission) South Africa. In this article I propose that the corrosive legacy of TRC created rich ground for white victimization and popularised the medical model of trauma.

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Структуриране на личността в психоаналитична перспектива

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2016

This paper will search to offer a model of the whole-integrated personality with encompassing the structure, the areas and the internal specifications and connections in the personality universum. For this purpose we will follow and derive the basic conceptual models which exist and generalize what personality is in our comprehension. This also will be a phenomenological reconstructing of fundamental types of projections in personality constituting – we will derive the initial approaches to the world of I-instance in Descartes and Kant, but basically we will define the process personality in Hegel as the result of process-ending of the pure thought system. We will also draw for consideration Heidegger’s model in analyzing the personality as an event, as a phenomenon of the live and actual human presence in the world. Thou the essential goal is reconstructing the three-instance psychoanalytical model which will be considered in unexpected configuration by drawing together of S. Freud’s and A. Maslow’s personality depth-structuring. The hypothesis raised up here is: Maslow’s pyramid of basic needs, in its hierarchy reflects a general structuring of the levels of the personality universum, with this the areas of integrity, continuity and I-projecting of whole personality will be formed.

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Aнтропология на престъплението

Author(s): Jacinto Choza / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The present paper investigates the following topics: 1 – Sources of crime’s Anthropology; 2 – Killing to survive; 3 – Essence of the Crime; 4 – The criminal Mind; 5 – Absolution of the homicide and the abolition of the death penalty.

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Третичният мисловен процес на кръстопътя между метапсихологията, когнитивната наука и невронауката

Author(s): Petar Radoev Dimkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

The strict differentiation between the abstract-verbal-logical thought (the Freudian secondary thought process) and the primitive, fantastic thought (primary thought process) is conditional and the border between the two is not clear-cut. This fact allows one to postulate the existence of a third thought process, which would fill the empty space. The third process, essentially, can be defined as concrete, imaginative representation of abstract notions, which is subjected to modifications of volition or as a regress in the name of the ego. Due to this position, the question about the third process touches upon some ancient philosophical questions, e. g. the origin of notions, in particular, the so-called conceptual empiricism, and the transcendental schematism of Kant. Also involved are the contemporary psychological research on representations as concrete and nonetheless generalizing image as well as fantastic imagination and reproductive imagination. The third process reveals itself as invaluable means to creative thought, which, in comparison with the secondary process, is elastic and plastic, and exactly due to this fact it can be subjected to modification (constructivism). Subjectivism and constructivism allow one to view this thought process from a philosophico-practical point of view.

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Възрастови особености на сетивното познание на ученици от начална училищна възраст според психоаналитичната периодизация на Зигмунд Фройд

Author(s): Mariyana Stamboliyska / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 2/2016

This article aims to present the perspective of psychoanalytic periodization age of the school students from the initial stage of primary education. In psychoanalysis self-concept is part of the personal sphere and its content influences the perception and the perception of people for their determination and to build his idea of a specific human being. The period of primary school age, according to psychoanalytic periodization is called “Latent period” covering 6-7 years of age and adolescence. In this particular phase of child development, sexual development according to Sigmund Freud as if interrupted. The interests of children in this period focused primarily on communicating with their peers and school activities. With knowledge in school are enriched the intellectual and moral and aesthetic feelings. Sensory knowledge is only one part of the total knowledge of the individual, directed to her and to the surrounding world. According to Sigmund Freud social experiences reflect meaningful wishes and interests of individuals and thus structuring one of the most important countries in its formation – values and direction to build a strategy for behavior and activity. All this is a reason to be directed more noticeable children’s attention to the general conditions of school life and school activities and thus provide a full development of their overall personality.

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Обща характеристика на съновиденията и тяхната специфика в детска възраст

Author(s): Stanislav Pandin / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 4/2015

The main task of this article is to explain in details what is this manifest and latent content of dreams of children in preschool and primary school age.

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Избор и свобода

Author(s): Anguel S. Stefanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

Human choice is possible because of the freedom intrinsic to human beings, and it is also meaningful on the base of the notion of it. Two different antinomies of freedom are considered in this short essay, stemming from the philosophical contexts of theistic and atheistic existentialism.

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Има ли закон на мотивацията?

Author(s): Silviya Kristeva / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

This article follows till the end the direction, drawn by the provocative Schopenhauer’s posing of the “law of motivation”, which according to Schopenhauer determines the motives of human in its constant “willing”. Such a law statement must find its own necessity and its own range. With this scale, Kant deduces the practical law, valid for “every rational being”, and formulates it as “supreme effective cause”, which range extends to the “realm of ends”. How such practical statement will have its own formulation and sub-positions in the area of motivation. And whether the higher motivations, discovered and investigated by A. Maslow, will have its own ultimate level – exactly by which we could find the constitutive personal power of the higher motivations. These must be statements, which possess universal validity for each and every human and for the humanity as total.

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Има ли избор в „заешката дупка“ – възможностите за осъзнатото сънуване

Author(s): Nevena Krumova / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

The article covers the extent to which dreams can be a subject of scientific studies. What part of the human conception of the world they take in the various cultures. Is the conscious dreaming an opportunity for an unlimited choice and are the boundaries of this field also the boundaries of imagination?

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Изборът между романтична и потребителска любов през призмата на психоанализата

Author(s): Vasil Sivov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

Despite its centrality in the lives of many people, psychoanalysis, with its traditional emphasis on psychosexuality and rationalism, has generally undervalued the importance of love and romance. This study explores the devaluation within psychoanalytic theorizing and the parallel widespread degradation of love in everyday life. The romantic view sees man as striving towards becoming a cohesive self. Development aims at a self which consists of a continuous flow from ambitions to ideals, from a sense of vitality towards goals which are experienced as intrinsically valuable. Mental suffering is the result of the failure of the environment to fulfil the self-object function and the patient’s symptoms are the desperate attempt to fill the vacuum in his depleted self. The ethic is romantic: maturity and mental health consist in the ability to sustain enthusiasm and a sense of meaning.

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Изборът в контекста на проблема „език – тяло“

Author(s): Stoyan Vezenkov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

The advances in neurosciences provoked the classical concept of both psychology and philosophy. The mind-body problem was redefined again after a number of mental processes have been proven to be functions of the brain. The choice as an action selection operation among many competitive representations of actions, for instance, is executed by the brain as a solution of optimization problem and decision making process. Furthermore, even moral rules and values such as monogamy and altruism have correlates in brain activity and learned local group behavioral practices. The brain-body has become a causal essence, which presupposes moral dilemmas solving. In this theoretical paper is suggested another problem “language-body problem” instead “mind-body problem” as the language is presented as a genius for creation of virtual realities of increasingly higher order to enable the growing human to separate from the others, to individualize himself and to lose his innate ability of empathy. Language is not a communication tool, on the contrary – individualization environment. Only in language virtualities and therefore born pure thinking the human is free and has free choices. Language virtual development is in its infancy and is called to repeat and walk through the whole evolution of the human body and its Rubicons – from the first cell division through the fish stage to the well-known human biology. Reviving the language, literally, we will put in their places all paradoxes and problems in human cultural development – from “lethal competition” and violence to full dedication and altruism – these are all in perfect balance in the human body. To develop this idea, the author offers a completely new scientific research area – biosophy – “biology of language” to study the future life in language genius.

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Християнски идеи за свободата на човека и нравствения избор според представителите на руската религиозна философия (Ф. Достоевски, Н. Бердяев и Б. Вишеславцев)

Author(s): Kostadin Nushev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 3/2015

Within the framework of this article is made an attempt to mark some important Christian ideas about human freedom and their importance for the formation of some basic positions of Christian ethics on moral self-determination and moral choice. Secondly, the article brings some important philosophical ideas and interpretations of freedom and moral choice of three of the prominent representatives of Russian religious philosophy (F. Dostoevsky, N. Berdyaev and B. Visheslavtsev) who are crucial for the Russian intellectual tradition and philosophical approach to the subject of freedom.

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Социалните влияния и убеждаването

Author(s): Dimitar Bogdanov / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2015

This article reveals the essence and specificities of social influences and some of its manifestations – agreement, identification and internalization. A special attention is paid to the persuasion as a mean of social influence. The ways of the social influences and persuasion are represented as well as how they affect people.

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Иван Кинкел: За произхода на религията

Author(s): Stoil Mavrodiev / Language(s): Bulgarian Issue: 1/2019

The article examines Ivan Germanicch Kinkel‘s psychoanalytic views on the origin of religion. His methodology and contribution to elucidate the phenomenon in the socio-cultural and historical context is presented.

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