Dynamics of Mixed Unions in Transylvania, Romania

Author(s): Mihaela Hărăguş / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2015

In this work, mixed union formation and dissolution of Hungarian ethnics in Transylvania have been investigated, with the aim of finding which characteristics of individuals were connected with the tendency towards exogamy, and whether inter-ethnic unions are more fragile than endogamous ones. The analysis showed that the language of studies makes a clear difference between endogamous and exogamous union formation: persons that had studied at least one educational level in Romanian language had visible higher risks to form an inter-ethnic union, both marriage and cohabitation. In case of marriage dissolution, higher divorce risks for exogamous than for endogamous marriages have been found, and in case of formation of a second union, the results showed that persons who had a first exogamous union exhibit twice the risk of entering a second exogamous union compared with persons that had a first endogamous union.

Chronic Isolation: Experiencing a Cured Disease at the Leprosarium of Tichilești

Author(s): Andrej Mihail / Language(s): Issue: 20/2015

The inhabitants of the Tichilești leprosarium experienced medical isolation caused by a medically cured body; once an individual was diagnosed with leprosy, he would be confined for his whole life inside this institution. Thus, former leprosy sufferers had to cope with the medicalization of their daily life while making sense of a socially incurable illness that disrupted their regular life-trajectories.

Children Addressing the Camera.

Author(s): Melinda Blos-Jáni / Language(s): English Issue: 20/2015

Ever since the emergence of the first technologies destined for amateur filmmakers, the most frequently recorded portraits in home movies have been children’s. his article analyses the characteristics of children’s portraiture in home movies, with special attention to their on-camera performance. Home movies can be seen as records of children’s bodily interaction with the filmic apparatus and, at the same time, with the media literacy of their filmmaker-parents. he everyday scenes of children performing awareness or non-awareness in front of the camera are dissected in this paper from a media-historical point of view: the analysis of a Transylvanian home movie collection is embedded in a discourse on media practices, on mediality and on processes that transform everyday reality into a corporeal image. The idiosyncrasies of the first Transylvanian home movies are incorporated in a discussion about early 20th century visual culture, in the context of which childhood gets to be constructed as an amateur moving image.

Društvene nejednakosti, društveno raslojavanje i siromaštvo u BIH

Author(s): Sanela Bašić / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 01+02/2013

The recent financial crisis has directed the focus of scientific and public interest at the issues of social inequality, social polarization and poverty. The general impovershiment is also a common place in contemporary BiH and key economic, political and social problem. In accordance with the modern understanding of poverty as a denial of human rights, the paper firstly offers various models of description, analysis and interpretation of these phenomena in the post-socialist BiH. In the second part, the author articulates a multi-level and multi-layered framework for understanding the relative roles of the various causes of poverty and their mutual interpolation in the context of intensifying glocal dialectics. Based on the understanding that academic debate on poverty must be prescriptive and dedicated to the elimination of and the fight against poverty, in the final part of the paper author proposes two basic criteria that the political struggle for the realization of the vision of ‘good’ society in BiH should incorporate.

Polityka spójności 2014–2020: rewolucja, reforma czy utrzymanie status quo?

Author(s): Marek Kozak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 62/2015

The paper is devoted to analysis of the changes of Cohesion policy (more broadly: development policy) in the period 2014−2020. The author analyzes key documents influencing final solutions for that period. On top of that, he analyzes phenomena that can hamper changes, in particular, indecisiveness and leniency of managing services, tolerating negative phenomena like goal substitution and other manoeuvres leading to money spending instead of goal attainment. The author also considers why and to what extent the analyzed hazards may reduce the revolutionary character of long expected reforms.

EATING OUT: (RE)SEARCHING THE LABS OF SOCIA(BI)LITY

Author(s): Silviu G. Totelecan / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2015

At the crossroads between the private and the public realm, the communist/capitalist nomenklatura, directors and secretaries, families and friends, students, lovers etc., they all share (have and will do) for a while common places, the restaurants – the space within which people may question the daily reality, or reshape future-to-be public/private actions. Being mingled spots for those that may have social action capabilities, the restaurants offer a space of fusion between what is old and new in cultural and national terms, the interconnection of food/music with generative dialogues, the contexts for a range of emotional and/or strategical developments. Chefs, social scientists, designers, musicians, or other socio-economic groups may see and perceive quite differently the quintessence of a restaurant. One of the best places for getting in touch with the experience(s) of such settings is our capital city, particularly its old city centre, involved in an urban regeneration process within which the “pubs and clubs” phenomenon is unstoppable. Here I present some case studies from my fieldwork in Bucharest, done in the spring of 2012.

SOCIAL MOBILITY PATTERNS IN ROMANIA

Author(s): Cristian Pop / Language(s): English Issue: 13/2015

My work is a contribution to the social mobility literature by discussing the case of Romania in a wider context. The article will present and explain the mobility patterns of five historical cohorts, with accents of men and women (dis)similarities, born in different socio-historical contexts. They are related to various social classes, which influence their life trajectories and chances for social mobility (e.g. men tend to move upwards, the high status classes maintain their positions, the members of the younger cohorts are more mobile etc.). My intention is to describe the current intergenerational social mobility in Romania, and the differences related to the mobility rates between cohorts of individuals born in distinct periods. I will search after explanations for these differences, implied by complex methodologies (such as logistic regressions, dissimilarity index or origin-destination cross-tabulations). The analyses of the intergenerational mobility rates, both absolute and relative (odds ratios), will be done with a critical eye on the limitations impose by these rates.

O potrzebie rozróżniania metod operacyjnych.

Author(s): Rafał Połeć / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2012

The realization of the contemporary crime detection process is based on the various forms, methods and means of criminal-intelligence activities. In theory as well as in practice there are many misunderstandings within the scope of the differentiation between individual of criminal intelligence institutions. Particularly, controversy concerning criminal intelligence methods taken to eliminate the occurrence of corruption. There is the need for formulation of correct definition of the institutions such as operational control as well as secret purchase.

Współczesne problemy wykluczenia społecznego w Polsce.

Author(s): Witold Pokruszyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2013

The article contains the fundamental problems of contemporary reality, which are taking place in Poland, a member of the European Union, in the social field. The term, social exclusion ‘’ has some definition in respect of the same social phenomena. the marginalization of individuals for a variety of reasons in social life. In addition, the article heavily stressed reasons for exclusion in Poland – in a democratic State. Existing solution in a very important area for individuals and entire social groups do not always passed the exam in our reality. Without much analysis you can concluded that this issue is not seen enough by the factors responsible for the current state of this negative phenomenon. That is politics and social security strategy does not go in an effort to meet the expectations of the subject, with is an individual – man.

Место политичког и економског прегледа

Author(s): Ivan. F. Lupis-Vukić / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 02/1922

Друштвено-господарска криза кроз коју у овај час пролазе Сјвдињене Државе најзамашнија је, и можда најопасннја, у читавој њиховој повјести.

Social Justice and the Metaphor of Gaps

Author(s): Kenneth Minogue / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2008

Minogue undertakes one of the subjects that are most crucial for contemporary liberal societies, namely that of social inequalities. It is not a new question, even though what was known the 19th century as the distinction between the ‘deserving’ and the ‘non-deserving’ poor that they themselves believed to be the most basic moral judgement has been abandoned. Currently, “the entire realm of moral actions has been interpreted as a function of social conditions.” Man is increasingly rarely perceived as a moral subject responsible for own deeds, and an increasing number of judgements concerning man is constrained by social conditions. A reason to worry is the ‘objectification’ of the person: “we are who we are on the power of social conditions, in which we have come to live”.The weakening of man’s autonomy is paralleled by the increase in the power of the state, which takes over the task of fighting inequalities. “If we are to prevent discrimination, the state must wield the power to control human preferences.” What follows, “if the state is to acquire this additional authority, discrimination must be recognised as an unfairness known as ‘social exclusion’”. The task of levelling up inequalities is the more dangerous that in every society there are inequalities that may be interpreted through the paradigm of ‘social exclusion’. To prove the existence of the social inequalities that need levelling up, the ‘gap metaphor’ is used. Constructed with statistical data which not only use approximate averages but, moreover, say nothing about the reasons behind the inequalities themselves. This is turn may lead to the solutions that absolutely miss the point from the point of view of social needs. One of the cases quoted by Minogue is the difference in life expectancy. In the United Kingdom, it is on average greater for the middle than for the working class. Does this mean discrimination that the state should fight? The actual difference results from the fact that the middleclass pays more attention to their lifestyle. “It is an irony of the progress that in the past we would imagine the poor as thin and undernutritioned, while today they are often obese and consume too much improper food.”The means provided by the state based on the statistics and the resultant gaps never solve the problems. The final paradox of the welfare state is that the same unfavourable situation which such means are to offset is continually reproduced through the unlimited provision of goods and services to the people who can cope quite well.

THE EFFECTS OF GOVERNANCE AND MULTIDIMENSIONAL POVERTY AT THE GRASSROOTS LEVEL IN INDONESIA

Author(s): Andi M. Rusli,Suhardiman Syamsu,Muhammad Chaeroel Ansar / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2024

The existing literature has predominantly focused on exploring how governance affects objective poverty measures; however, this study goes beyond by considering subjective poverty at the grassroots level, specifically in rural areas. Empirical analysis employing probit methodologies uncovers a positive and statistically significant correlation between governance quality and poverty. Notably, participation, accountability, public administration procedures, and e-government initiatives positively influence poverty levels. These findings highlight the importance of governance in improving the income and well-being of rural households. Furthermore, the study reveals that good governance practices have a positive impact on reducing the likelihood of poverty in rural areas, particularly among impoverished segments of rural communities. These results support the notion of a causal relationship between good governance and objective poverty, and shed light on the effects on subjective poverty. The study suggests several potential mechanisms through which this influence occurs, including the enhancement of e-government, participation, public administration procedures, and accountability. Districts with stronger village governance exhibit higher levels of participation and more effective decision-making processes that contribute to overall prosperity

Post-feminism: the individumanism

Author(s): Isabelle Anchieta / Language(s): English Issue: 6/2018

Being "woman" is not all that a person is. It says very little of the individual trajectory. The woman is plural: women. They only exist in the particular form that encloses them. You cannot compare two women or even two men. They are different stories. What should be taken into account is not a matter of gender, but a matter of choices, personal efforts, and individual capacities and so on. This, on the other hand, does not imply the defense of an extreme individualization, but the conviction that this process is almost invariably a humanization of relations. The social feeling of recognition of our human condition. That is, the more we strive for the recognition of our individuality, the more we amplify the dynamics of mutual consideration. Thus, promoting a spiral of recognition among people and, with it, a concrete humanism. What is at issue is the individuality - that distinguishes us from the others -and our humanity-that unites us. Just by operating within these two categories, can we overcome false social prejudices and move towards equality that is not composed of homogeneities but differences that recognize each other as human between the particular and the universal? Exceeding stereotypical intermediate categories: black; women; Poor; Rich; Whites; Bourgeois; workers; Class and so on.

Tęczowe dusze i ciała. Retoryka LGBTQ+ w polskojęzycznych publikacjach internetowych lat ostatnich

Author(s): Mirosław Ryszkiewicz / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2024

The article attempts to present the rhetorical analysis of selected publications which can be currently found in the Internet and which deal with the issues covered by the acronym LGBTQ+ (and its variants). Differentia specifica of various definitions of the notion (star-ting with “people” and “community” to “ideology” and “degeneration”) manifests itself in, among others, the reference to two other, highly significant, because persuasively catchy notions: health and disease, both of the body and the mind, on which the analysis taking into account all textual dimensions (inventio, dispositio and elocutio) on the one hand, and extratextual (communication, contextualand consituational) conditions of the internet “dispute” about LGBTQ+, focuses. The description of how the notions of “health” (somatic and mental) and “disease” (also dual) are used in this analysis lead to the final conclusion that the twofold approach to LGBTQ constitutes the incarnation of, to a certain extent, the perennial civilizational or cultural conflict between barbarity and huma-nism, whose depositary, among others, also (classical) rhetoric in one of its numerous meanings remains

The trap of one perspective: a very subjective approach

Author(s): Nina Bilal / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

In this paper I delve into the trap of one perspective relating to the con-cept of diversity via the reflection upon personal experiences and societal perceptions. Departing from traditional academic approaches I navigate through anecdotes and re-flections, highlighting the dangers of a singular perspective. In the article structured into three sections—introduction, discussion, and conclusion—I examine the transformative potential of embracing diversity. From cultural exchanges to historical figures like Chris-topher Columbus, each narrative underscores the importance of diverse viewpoints. The aim is to provoke thought, inspire introspection, and spark meaningful dialogue, ulti-mately advocating for a more inclusive and empathetic society.

Uwolnić potencjał. Doskonalenie metod ilościowych w celu zrozumienia dynamiki społecznej

Author(s): Eleftherios THALASSINOS / Language(s): English Issue: 08/2024

FAMILY OR CAREER? INTERGENERATIONAL DIFFERENCES IN VALUES

Author(s): Alice Reissova,Jana Simsova,Eliška Nacházelová / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2024

Structurally disadvantaged regions are looking for ways to attract and retain educated people who are the pillars in community for economic, social, and cultural prosperity. This research is aimed at gaining insight into the values and preferences of such people in order to better understand their decision-making. The study sample (n = 1350) was formed using quota-wide sampling (university-educated people). The data was collected by a specialized research agency using an electronic survey. The values and preferences were first determined using a semantic differential scale, and then the significance was verified by a Kruskal Wallis test followed by a post hoc test. Based on the statistical analysis, it was found for all generations that the ideal place to live is a quiet village or smaller town with good civic amenities, transport accessibility, and proximity to nature. This offers an opportunity for several villages that saw a large loss of population in the past when inhabitants left for big cities at the end of the last century. Another common value across generations is the preference for family over single life. However, Generation Z differs from Generation X and Y in their preference for career over family and even their preference for career over leisure time, which is not entirely consistent with Inglehart's theory on the preference for post-materialist values.

Farming is a grind. A Górale’s perspective on labour as a local heritage

Author(s): Maria Małanicz-Przybylska / Language(s): English Issue: 1/2024

During my recent ethnographic fieldwork research in Chochołów in the western Podhale region, I got the impression that the work of the Górale was one of the most valuable issues in everyday life. Although my research was about heritage, not directly about work, I decided to follow my interviewee’s voice and look specifically at work. I concluded that work is one of the most important references in the local value system. Not only is hard work valued and held up as a model, but it is also often presented as inherited. Even in 19th-century texts, one can read that Górale worked hard and that work was significant to them. Modern Górale also emphasise that they have diligence in their blood, that it is something setting them apart, and that it has always been so. Drawing on various theories from heritage studies, I aim to demonstrate that labour in the Podhale region can be viewed as a form of cultural heritage. This heritage juggles between the authorised and the unauthorised discourse, between the tangible and the intangible. Above all, it is linked to the production of locality, community, and a sense of uniqueness. It can, therefore, be seen, as Rodney Harrison wanted, as heritage in action.

Stygmatyzacja społeczności romskiej na przykładzie powiatu kolskiego

Author(s): Marta Banasiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 42/2024

The purpose of this article is to show the level of stigmatization of the Roma community in kolski county. With the help of the survey conducted, the opinions and degree of correlation of other residents of kolski county regarding their relations with Roma were presented. It was also important to show the causes of deepening stigmatization and its manifestations.ROMA COMMUNITY STIGMATIZATION KOLSKI COUNTY GYPSIES ETHNIC MINORITY

PAMIĘĆ KULTUROWA NA PRZYKŁADZIE INTO THE WEST

Author(s): Anna Garczewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 3/2024

In Into the West the history is presented through two families, one from Virginia and onefrom the Lacota Nation. It is a hybrid form of narration, where fictious characters meet historicalfigures and take part in historical events. It gives the audience the feel of the history, customs andintercultural relations of the 19th century America. It is one of very few positive instances of on screenfictionalization of historical events of Native Americans. It is also an interesting example of culturalmemory. Into the West stands out as one of the least stereotypical portrayals of indigenous peoples inthe popular culture.