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A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF PERSONAL INITIATIVE ON SAFETY PRODUCTION MANAGEMENT MODE TRANSITION: BASED ON THE PERSPECTIVE OF SOCIAL COGNITIVE THEORY AND ANTHROPOLOGY EMBEDDEDNESS THEORY

Author(s): Shi Liping,Teng Yun / Language(s): English Issue: 50/2015

“How to make safe production management model change into a new model meeting the real needs”, has become the important subject faced by the researchers and practitioners of the current production safety management. From the perspective of individual initiative, this study attempts to use social cognitive theory and anthropology Embeddedness theory to answer the question. This study verifies the influence of personal initiative on safety production management mode transition with 1556 questionnaires from 73 manufacturing enterprises in China. The reliability and validity of all the scales were found acceptable. Path analysis using SPSS-19 and AMOS-17 software showed that there is a significant positive correlation between personal initiative and safety production management mode transition; three dimensions of safety individual behavior (safety passive behavior, safety controlled behavior and safety initiative behavior) play a partial mediating role in personal initiative and safety production management mode transition; three dimensions of on-the-job embeddedness (organization fit, organization link and organization sacrifice) can strengthen the positive correlation between personal initiative and safety production management mode transition. These findings made a new addition to the production management mode transition theory, and had guide significance for enterprises to improve production safety management level.

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Some reflections on Chomsky’s notion of reference

Author(s): Enrico Cipriani / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

In this paper, I will focus on Chomsky’s interpretation of the notion of reference. I will summarize Chomsky’s criticisms against the externalize interpretation of such notion, and I will then focus on the internalize (and syntactic) interpretation that the MIT linguist provides. Then I will focus on the relation between the internalize interpretation and the notion of truth, discussing in particular Casalegno and Hinzen’s objections: I will point out that truth does not represent a particular problem for the internalized reference. Finally, I will show how Chomsky explains, inside the internalize perspective, the phenomenon of communication. In Conclusions, I will sketch two important points.

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Ansambl aktorski

Author(s): Marek Hendrykowski / Language(s): Polish Issue: 28/2016

This article analyses how actors’ ensembles function as an alternative to the star system of actors’ participation in film.

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Filmowe baśnie wyczerpane. Wpływ postmodernizmu na przeobrażenia fi lmowych adaptacji baśni produkcji Disneya

Author(s): Zuzanna Kwiatkowska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 27/2016

The author gives attention to the issue of modern adaptations of fairy tales produced by Walt Disney Animation Studios. The three selected films: The Princess and the Frog (2009), Tangled (2010) and Frozen (2013) show the changes taking place in the sphere of axiology and the aesthetics in animated fairy tale films under the influence of postmodern trends. She notes that the inter-textual dialogue takes place not only at the literature-film level, but also between earlier and later adaptations. On the basis of this analysis, she tries to determine the type of viewer to whom the newly-created message is addressed.

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Bergman vs. Batman. Chwyt technicznej deziluzji w grach wideo na tle praktyk literackich i flmowych

Author(s): Piotr Kubiński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 25/2015

The aim of the article is to present the idea of technical disillusion as an artistic device used in particular video-games. This phenomenon is analyzed using the example of Batman: Arkham Asylum (Rocksteady; 2009). Because of the far-reaching analogies with techniques present in other artistic discourses, the device of technical disillusion is also examined in the context of literature and film – especially in regards to Ingmar Bergman’s Persona. From this perspective, using technical disillusion as a device exposes its artistic potential and enables us to consider games as space for creative exploration.

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Rola socjologii i socjologów we współczesnym społeczeństwie

Author(s): Janusz Mucha / Language(s): Polish Issue: 1/2017

This talk refers only to the roles of academic sociologists. Critical analysis of popular ideologies („myths”), new social movements and initiatives, social problems and troubles on the micro and macro scales, ways of resolving them and social costs of such resolution, should be the basic tasks of sociologists. Elementary forms of liberal democracy seem to be an external precondition of playing such a role.

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Społeczny świat polskich fanów fantastyki

Author(s): Łukasz Kaszkowiak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 4/2015

The article is an attempt to depict the phenomenon of speculative fiction fans within the sociological theory. The author used the interactionist perspective, especially the theory of social worlds by Anselm Strauss. The social world of fans is called fandom by them. Its primary function is to organize the participants around the subject of fanship – the broadly understood speculative fiction. Fandom “identifies” and “categorizes” the subject of fanship. A fan differs from a regular recipient in that apart from an incidental experience of a medium, they make the effort of deeper understanding to look for the contents that are interesting to them. The article presents a typological analysis of fans, and a short analysis of two important spheres of fans’ activities – conventions and the Internet.

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Wyobraźnia socjologiczna i misja socjologii organizacji

Author(s): Agnieszka Kołodziej-Durnaś / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2016

The article deals with the question of the function of science, in particular with the mission of sociology of organisations. As organisations seem to be spatial structures, where the contemporary social life may be observed as in a microscope, sociology of labour and sociology of organisations should be perceived as disciplines especially responsible for the future shape of societies. Research (especially the research within sociology of knowledge) should be conducted from the perspective of sociological imagination (C.W. Mills) in order to find out what functions of sociology of organisations are. As organisations are becoming bigger and bigger (independent) and more and more complex it seems that research within disciplines such as sociology of organisations should be based on the values of modern societies and especially focused on critical analysis.

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Postmodern Sosyal Teoride Bilim Felsefesinin İzlekleri -Foucault Ve Derrida Örneği-

Author(s): Ruhi Can Alkın / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 80/2014

The role of philosophy of science on the formation of postmodern social theory has not been discussed as much as the role of the some of the other philosophical diciplines. At this point, by considering the postmodern social theory, current text proposes to discuss the basic theories and arguments of some thinkers who could be named as the contemporary representatives of philosophy of science. For this purpose, Popper’s idea of falsification and criticism on historicism, Kuhn’s theory on paradigms and Feyerabend’s ‘anarchistic’ manner on methodological restrictions or classification on scientific occupation will construct the background of the study. After the first step, postmodern social theory and it’s basic arguments will be incorporated into the text. When doing this, thinkers mentioned above will always be remembered in terms of their philosophical and scientific position. On the following part, some of the basic notions discussed by Foucault and Derrida such as deconstruction, archeology and genealogy, histiography, etc. will be considered as the examples of postmodern social theory. Lastly, these notions will be compared to aforementioned arguments on philosophy of science. In doing so, similar points among philosophy of science and postmodern social theory will be given via specific examples.

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"Dr House" - gra i semiologia

Author(s): Zbigniew Kloch / Language(s): Polish Issue: 19/2012

The paper describes how the characters of House, M.D. interact and relate to each other; it also discusses the role played by specific, semantically charged means of constructing narration. On one hand, the show largely maintains the model of a conventional medical drama, on the other, it deconstructs many of the characteristics inherent in the genre. The paper also attempts to explain the show’s huge popularity (for a certain time in the United States alone it reached 27 million viewers) achieved in spite of going beyond what an average viewer would expect, primarily by the show’s construction and by evoking ideas outside a classic medical drama.

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Postpamięć jako marzenie senne – Achtung Zelig! Druga wojna Krzysztofa Gawronkiewicza i Krystiana Rosenberga

Author(s): Grażyna Gajewska / Language(s): Polish Issue: 17-18/2011

The comic book is a product of pop culture. It got deeply rooted in American and Western European popular culture in the 1970s. In France, this type of sequential art told in pictorial stories was presented in daily papers and developed humorously-told threads of the plot. In the UK it won juvenile audience with its simple jokes, genre scenes and shortened and abridged versions of fables. In the United States, in turn, crude science fiction, horror or joke graphic stories were most popular. However, in the late 1990's these depictions increasingly started to develop into something of much different nature. On the one hand, popular culture embraced more and more different creative areas, wrestled with subject and themes that so far had been tackled only by more sophisticated literature (for example, war themes). On the other hand, the Polish reader had a better chance to experience new titles and pictorial stories from the West or other far-away cultures that represented high artistic skills and offered original and remarkable stories. This, in turn, created a new situation in which adult readers turned to comic books. Moreover, comic books became a subject of interests for academics beyond those who were professionally involved in documenting and understanding popular culture, i.e. for methodologists of history, modern culture anthropologists, researchers in literature and art historians. A particular type of comics is the one that presents historical and memory contents. Works of brilliant artists from different cultures such as, for example: Maus by Art Spiegelman, Persepolis by Mariane Satrapi, Achtung Zelig! by Krzysztof Gawronkiewicz and Krystian Rosenberg or Marzi by Marzena Sowa and Sylvain Savoia have become available on the Polish publishing market and have been widely reviewed and discussed academically. In the present article I am concentrating on the phenomenon postmemory. Analysing Achtung Zelig! by Gawronkiewicz and Rosenberg I am trying to show main trademarks post memory: borrowing another person’s stories, phenomena of secondary memory, fetishization of the past.

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Kritički osvrt na Dirkemov redukcionistički pogled na religiju

Author(s): Muamer Halilović / Language(s): Serbian Issue: 2/2015

Dirkemovo poimanje religije temelji se na njegovim osnovnim sociološkim idejama, ali i na podeli svih pojava u ljudskom društvu na svete i profane. On smatra da religija nastaje u društvu i da je treba posmatrati isključivo kao društvenu pojavu. Pritom odbacuje bilo kakvu mogućnost da religija može imati nešto metafizičko. On religiju predstavlja kao neku vrstu simboličkog prikaza samoga društva. Piše da je društvo objektivna stvarnost onoga što u monoteističkim religijama nazivamo Bog a u drevnim religijama mana. No, religija kao skup raznih simbola potpuno gubi kontakt sa stvarnošću. Religija koja nema ontološko i saznajno uporište vrlo lako otvara put ekstremnom relativizmu koji se neuspešno bori s mnogim protivrečnostima. S druge strane, odnos između religioznosti i društvenosti nije uvek direktan, pa je nemoguće tvrditi da nijedan aspekt religije ne prevazilazi čovekovo društvo. Otuda, Dirkemova ideja o polazištu religije ne samo da ne obuhvata individualne aspekte čovekovog postojanja već zanemaruje i duhovne i metafizičke dimenzije celokupnog postojanja. S druge strane, njegovo poimanje religije možemo kritikovati i osporavanjem njegove podele svih pojava u ljudskom društvu na svete i profane. On ističe da su svete pojave religijske, pa zatim i društvene. Međutim, nije sve što je sveto religijsko i nije sve što je religijsko sveto. U mnogim religijama takva podela nije ni prihvaćena. A, pored toga, ne treba zaboraviti da predstavljanje religije kao društvene institucije koja se bavi samo svetim pojavama najzad dovodi do potpune sekularizacije društva.

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Japon Modernleşmesi Bağlaminda İki Sosyolojik Çözümlemenin Karşilaştirilmasi

Author(s): Mehmet Devrim Topses / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 68/2011

In this study, traditional and revolutionalist sociological analysis about Japanese modernization is compared. About modernization of Japanese, traditionalist and revolutionalist assessments have converse analysis. Results indicates that, this contrast is due to different understandings of civilization.

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Tarihsel Sosyolojide Yöntemi Bulmak Ya Da Doğan Ergun Üzerine Bir Deneme

Author(s): Can Cengiz / Language(s): Turkish Issue: 66/2011

The main aspect of sociology which distinguish it from other efforts that put forward ideas on social-political progresses and facts as a scientific discipline is its methodology. One of the particular areas of methodological discussions in sociology can be defined as “history” or the relation between “history and sociology”. Questions such as “where do domains / territories of history and sociology as scientific disciplines start and end?” or “to what extent do these two disciplines can relate to each other” are still methodological questions that need to be answered. This article is based on the assumption that the answers of Doğan Ergun and his sociology to the questions noted above can be considered as starting points that are still valid today. In this extent, the first part of the article is about history-sociology relationship and the development of historical sociology in both Turkey and the World and the problems about these issues. Second part consists of analyses that seek to explore the contributions made by Doğan Ergun and his sociology to the historical sociology in Turkey.

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Metonüümia ja metafoor II maailmasõja-aegses Eesti poliitilises retoorikas

Author(s): Andreas Ventsel / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 11/2014

The article considers the transformations of political rhetoric in Estonian public discourse from the eve of World War II to the retreat of German troops from Estonia in August 1944. Thus, the period under analysis contains the 1940 coup d’état in June, Estonia’s “accession” or “acceptance” to the Soviet Union, and the German occupation of Estonia. The article will analyze how the Estonians’ political and cultural public identity was construed by different governments in power. The analysis will concentrate on the texts which employed the signs important for previous regimes to the introduction and consolidation of new (Soviet and National Socialist) ideological discourses. Using the methods of semiotics and discourse theory, the article will shed light on the metaphorical and metonymical principles of text and meaning construction in the context of power relations. The material of analysis consists of the speeches of the political elite from the 1938, 1939 and 1940 issues of Päevaleht; 1940–1941 issues of Rahva Hääl, and the 1941–1944 issues of Eesti Sõna, and finally, of articles that have been

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Nurjumise visualiseerimine Eesti kunstis 1987–1999: võitjate põlvkond

Author(s): Kristin Orav / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 12/2015

The article focuses on exploring the conditions, possibilities, and meanings of the concept winners’ generation in Estonian art in the 1990s. The term described young people in their midtwenties, who had succeeded in becoming well-off during the ideological transition in the course of the dissolution of the Soviet Union in 1991. Some of the artists who were labeled by this name had their triumph in the freedom to express ideas that did not serve the dominant discourse, that is, discourse that captured only the interests of those who had won from the period of change. The study combines Ferdinand de Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole with the principles of external exclusion by Michel Foucault. By treating ideology as an analogue of langue that has its own internal structure and semantic rules, this article claims that the new social order was constructed in the light of severe oppositions. The Soviet censorship lost its validity and got replaced by the principle of freedom. This situation presented itself as an opportunity for artists belonging to the winners’ generation to become successful via visualizing failure, thus bringing out, but also questioning, the variations within the „victorious” discourse. Their approach helped to disarticulate what had been considered natural in the society as well as propose new insight into one of the most rapturous decades in Estonia’s recent history.

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Ernesto Laclau: semiootika, hegemoonia, ontoloogia

Author(s): Andreas Ventsel / Language(s): Estonian Issue: 12/2015

Review of: Ernesto Laclau. Antagonism, poliitika, hegemoonia. Valik esseid. Koostanud Jüri Lipping. Tartu: EYS Veljesto, 2015.

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Tehnike neutralizacije i njihova primjena u BiH realnosti

Author(s): Sedin Lakača / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 03+04/2014

The technique of neutralization is one specific theory that was founded by David Matza and Gresham Sykes. This technique is a subject of interest, in the scientific theory and practices worldwide. In this respect our country is of no exception, since the elements of this technique can be identified in Bosnia and Herzegovina. It is interesting to note how this criminological technique can be found in almost all the elements of social life. In other theories, authors have advocated the view that, members of the lower social classes constitute unlawful acts. Authors of neutralization techniques advocated nevertheless thesis that, any member of a society can commit an unlawful act, regardless of whether it belongs to a lower or a higher social class. Sykes and Matza explain that, perpetrators certain unlawful acts temporarily abandoned their moral values , and once they commit a crime, he/she will able to return to their moral values and continues to be a full member of society. That is precisely the segment where attempts by these authors explain that, the perpetrators of unlawful acts are not always delinquent, but that they are delinquent only in the moment when they are making such an act and when they leave their moral qualities. We will try in this paper to explain and identify these elements in the realities of Bosnia and Herzegovina.

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Sociologija sopstva

Author(s): Peter L. Callero / Language(s): Bosnian Issue: 03+04/2014

An emerging sociological approach to the self reflects new emphases on power, reflexivity, and social constructionism. The significance of power in shaping the self is central to a new scholarship associated with Foucault. This body of work offers an important corrective to traditional sociological orientations associated with Mead and symbolic interactionism. The principle of reflexivity is at the core of the Meadian tradition and provides a pragmatic foundation for understanding agency and political action missing from much of the new scholarship. The principle of social construction is common to both new and traditional sociological approaches to the self and guides most recent empirical analyses. Promising avenues of research are evident in work that explores the sociological context of self-construction, the social resources employed in the construction process, and the growing importance of non-human objects in self-construction. The limitation of scholarship that overemphasizes the psychological products of self-construction is also examined.

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The social origins of the new bourgeoise in the Algerian cities - an exploratory study in the city of Maghnia

Author(s): Dalila Lalaouna,Linda Abdellaoui,Meriem Kaddouri / Language(s): Romanian Issue: 37/2016

The Algerian society has experienced economic, political and social changes, which have affected its structure and its Castes in general . Therefore , the question of the new bourgeoisie in the Algerian cities is about a specificity which accentuates the problematic character that raises the question; in addition to the difficulty on the theoretical plan within the sociological legacy and the definition of the procedure . It is difficult for us to define the nature of the social structure that we are looking for , because it is an attempt to present a map of social caste. it seems to be an attempt full of risks, and in the light of these data ,our research focuses on the issue of the origins and social contexts of the New bourgeoisie in the city of Maghnia , and on the degrees of the conscience of those who belong to them. However our approach will focus first on the study of practice that we have performed (on the ground), then on certain works of the audit. Our research will also focus on this social category in the Algerian cities, since the phenomenon of bourgeoisie is governed by by vague and unclear norms which contain a lot of uncertainty.

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