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Measuring performance is a key element necessary for the operation of the performance management system serving to provide essential feedback to improve the substantiation of decisions within an organization, at all levels: strategic, operational or individual, and thus plays an important role in translating the entity's strategy into results. Performance management systems are formal systems, based in practice on information technology and on procedures used by managers to maintain or to change the structures that ensure the activities of the organization to obtain better results. Promotion of advanced tools constitutes a real support for management: among the most relevant tools used in performance management, we can mention: strategic planning, enterprise risk management, change management, customer relationship management, knowledge management, quality management. Performance evaluation considers key performance indicators and success factors established by theOrganization, which provide the referential inmeasuring performance. Performance measurement in the missions planned by the internal audit plays an important role in determining whether the objectives of the institutional strategy are met and whether theyhave materialized into concrete results.
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This paper has two objectives – the first one is to present the current state and prospects of Poland’s commitment in NATO-led crisis management operations. The second aim is to give recommendations for policy makers (what is the author’s assumption) for this area. The author is trying to give answers to some research questions like: What is NATO’s role in Poland’s Security Policy? What is the role of crisis management operations in NATO’s strategy from Lisbon. How was Poland participating in NATO’s missions in last few years? And what are their consequences? The answers to these questions will help to make a number of general and specific conclusions. They also allow enunciating many recommendations which were placed in the final section of the text. The author encourages, among others, equal treatment of collective defense and crisis management operations. And the commitment in the above, which allows Poland’s real potential. The author also makes the thesis, telling us about the need for a civil capacity to assist countries in the process of transformation. All of the recommendations are properly backed up and create a field for a content-related discussion on the following subject.
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In the context of evolving environment of organizations, and in view of the need to oppose unforeseen negative phenomena, it is necessary to seek system’s resilience building strategies. A low level of supply chain’s resilience can result in a lack of underlying processes continuity, and thus also failing to achieve supply chain’s objectives. The process of providing a high level of resilience should be implemented in a more or less formalized manner. This manner should be recognized as the supply chain resilience building strategy. The author speculates that the use of resilience building strategies should be reflected in supply chain’s dependability. This dependability can be evaluated on the basis of measurable parameters but also from customer’s point of view. The purpose of this paper is to review resilience building strategies. In addition, the article presents results of pilot study aimed at assessing steel products supply chain’s dependability. Research subjects of the article are characterized by a different approach to supply chain’s resilience shaping. This fact points to the possibility of subjects’ examining in the context of the relationship between ways of shaping the resilience and the dependability of logistic processes they undertake.
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Logistic operators provide distribution services consistently to minimize storage costs and to efficiently and correctly place orders for customers. Shredded shipments, which are now the standard form of distribution orders, will pose huge challenges for logistic operators. Performance throughout the supply chain is constantly shaping the whole process and often complex transport and storage and development processes that are the basis of competitiveness. Execution of the distribution process is often a very complex process for a logistics operator, so the use of cross-docking becomes the basis for effective activity management and support and improvement of pooling.
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The scope and nature of the changes that are taking place in the social and economic environment have been largely influenced by logistical processes, both locally and globally. The multidimensionality and complexity of modern supply chains results in, among others the need for constant search for solutions that improve their efficiency. It should be noted that in recent years, there has been a worldwide increase in the number of military -to-civilian supply chains. In view of the research conducted, it is extremely important to identify the specificity of supply chain management in the military sector as a determinant of the improvement of modern logistics processes in the military-civilian formula. The aim of this article is to identify and evaluate the key drivers of the management of modern supply chains in the military sector.
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Distribution networks are a complex system. The complexity of the distribution network is depending on: numbers of cooperating links, different forms of cooperation, proximity, as well as of location of the material decoupling points and in consequence scope of activities fulfilled by distribution companies. The complexity of the distribution network increases the risk of disruptions in material flows. Showing variants of improving the resilience of the distribution network is a purpose of the article. Researches were conducted in the distribution network of smelting products. Field research were carried in three types of the organization: service centre, logistic enterprise, wholesale company.
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In recent years, several thousand kilometers of expressways and highways have been commissioned in Poland. In order for them to fulfill their functions, they must be included in the communication system through road nodes and other elements of the transport infrastructure. Only thanks to a good combination they can lead to specific benefits such as generating development impulses for the economy, fulfilling the function of city bypasses, increasing road safety in urban areas. This article tackles this issue in the Łódź agglomeration and the route that will be the cause of these potential benefits is the S14 expressway. The aim of the article is to conduct research on the impact of the S14 route on the possibility of an increase in the number of passengers at the Władysław Reymont Airport in Łódź and investors in the Łódź Special Economic Zone. The aim is also to examine the impact of S14 on the development of investments in the area of impact of the studied road and increase the number of inhabitants of selected cities of the Łódź agglomeration. The empirical research used in this work was financed from the Student Research Grants awarded by the Rector of the University of Lodz in 2017.
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The article presents the project management issues in networked environment. The organization in the network was the basis for analysis of the project management evolution. The theoretical considerations allowed to distinguish three stages of evolution: project management „inside” the organization, „interorganization” project management and „ephemeral” project management. Then, the stages were characterized by five cognitive categories (genesis, structure, resources, flows and knowledge management).
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This article contains identification of targeting styles among the staff of the public institution of the General Directorate for National Roads and Motorways (GDDKiA). The study aims to indicate the dominant style of targeting and managing among the individuals holding managerial positions in the technology department of the GDDKiA. These people were not properly trained in this area of management, which led them to develop their own, often intuitive, management and management styles. The article uses contemporary concepts of management styles, supplemented with analytical data. After statistical analysis of the results of the above-mentioned studies, the dominant management style was determined for both the whole group under study as well as the individual managerial positions, taking into account the gender of managers.
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Starting from concepts covering the theories of capital structure and the financial structure of a corporation, this paper identifies the determinant factors of the capital structure of a corporation based on the different existing theories from the literature review. The influence of several corporate specific internal factors was tested on a sample of 10 companies from the hotel industry listed on The New York Stock Exchange, for a time period of 10 years, using the Gretl software package and the OLS, FEM and REM techniques. For simple linear regressions, the explanatory variable with the strongest influence on the level of debt of the company is the asset tangibility. For multiple regressions, the profitability remains positively correlated to the debt ratio, while the size, tangibility, asset turnover and age proved to be negatively correlated to the debt ratio of the analyzed companies.
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Uncertainty is a constant element of reality. It causes that the action strategies as well as the prediction of specific events and phenomena often fail. In the activities of organizations all sorts of risks appear which can affect their performance in different ways in the present and the future. Risk management (understood as its identification, estimation, and also the determination of appropriate responses) becomes an integral part of the activity. This also refers to public organizations.
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Definitive airway is often regarded as the gold standard when dealing with trauma patients because it offers superior level of airway protection as well as the possibility of positive pressure ventilation. However, establishing definitive airway in out-of-hospital settings is often challenging as sometimes it is simply impossible to place the patients in an adequate and comfortable position for classic tracheal intubation. There are different alternative methods of intubation, albeit rather unpopular, which can be used in the above-mentioned situation and their application may increase the chances of survival of trauma patients.
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Principals play a vital role in setting the direction for successful schools. With the emphasis on preparing highly qualified school leaders for the 21st century, this article investigated aspiring school leaders’ and their perception of preparedness to serve as instructional leaders, talent and organizational system managers. Particularly, the findings explore how various factors are associated with improving future school leaders’ readiness to effectively carryout critical leadership responsibilities. The article concludes with recommendations for developing a well-designed educational leadership training program that prepares and supports future school leaders for an ever changing world.
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The variables that determine the dividend policy of a company have been the subject of broad research for the past six decades. The present article re-examines various factors that might have an impact on the dividend decision of a company. Framework based on theories on corporate dividends existing in literature is expanded to observe the determinants of dividend yield. The analysis made on panel data estimations on dividend paying companies included in the BET and BETPlus indexes, follows the evolution of Romanian companies listed on Bucharest Stock Exchange regulated market, on a period of three years. The explanatory variables adopted in this study are: profitability, liquidity, size, leverage, growth and experience. Multiple regression is conducted on the prominent factors. The result of this study can be useful for investors when deciding where to put their money, based on dividend yields for BET and BETPlus Index companies, and to forecast dividend yields using their significant determinants.
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As modern management techniques, specifically the WBS application may determine the success of a project, regardless of its objectt, as such achieving predetermined performance indicators. Contained within this framework, we propose in article to present the approach particularity, specific reasonings, additional to considerations regarding the necessity and usefulness of this particular technique. Given the complexity and dynamic internal process specifically of the framework Project Management Unit (PMU), additional to the necessity of resolving with professionalism the problems which are subject to this type of entities, WBS may constitute by itself a particularly effective method regarding resource management, the risk management and the achievement objectives in conditions of technical and economic high performance. From the perspective of exercising the least three attributes towards management (planning, organizing and controlling) the WBS application may confer a competitive advantage specifically obvious by the fact that makes it possible that the prioritization activities/operations/and service tasks in close correlation with the own objectives or the UMP pyramid. Consequently, large-scale application of the WBS chart in which fully supports the management team to realize with a higher accuracy the key elements concerning the resource requirements and their judicious allocation, cost estimation, schedule deadlines, etc., all in their interconnection, are apt to provide a more qualified substantiation of managerial decisions.
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Networks are a central issue in management and governance literature in the last years. This contribution discusses the advantages of networks as a management model, introduces different models of trust and their role in establishing and stabilisation of network relationship and describes trust supporting structures and problematic aspects of trust. Finally it pleads for a combination of trust and awareness to avoid problems connected with the concept of trust.
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This article discusses the literature on student support services, explains the need for such services in Higher Education and emphasizes the importance of mentoring and tutoring in the context of academic advising. The paper aims to present the main conceptual approaches in the field of student support services and international examples related to mentoring and tutoring. In addition, we discuss the results of a small-scale experiment conducted in order to test the availability and capability for building a relationship of educational partnership. Such a partnership appears as an essential element of the referred services in the context of promoting a student-centered education as the prerequisite of quality in higher education.
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More and more projects from different industrial sectors developed in transnational environment are becoming more characterized as "complex". In recent years, there has been much discussion and controversy about the complexity of the projects, and, despite what has been written and said in various papers, journals and professional conferences, more confusion than clarification was created, complexity of projects being interpreted differently from one author to another. Most of the literature studied is based on linear, analytical and rational approach, focusing on the size of project management planning and control and actually less on projects that are characterized as taking place and grow into a dynamic socio-human environment in a continuous change. This study represents a critical review of existing theoretical models found in literature, highlighting their limitations. The output of this literature study represents an integration of different approaches concerning complexity under one umbrella to provide a common understanding of the evolution of this concept.
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The improvement of business efficiency is directly dependent on the quality of management of information and knowledge. Adequate knowledge management should help ensure that all available and relevant professional and scientific achievements regarding a particular problem are successfully collected, processed and distributed. The paper Information and knowledge management in the strategy for the development of school sports, examines the relationship between the current state of the functions of the sports system and the education system. A comparative analysis covering strategic and legal documents, documents on school sports and actual practices has been performed to review the application of modern information and knowledge in the field of school sports. There is significant knowledge, as well as research results that have not been exploited so far, which may serve as a basis for the implementation of new ways of managing sports, as well as novelties in the application of innovative knowledge and adequate information management in the field school sports. Based on this study, a proposal has been formulated to involve more actively highly-qualified professionals in the domain of education and sports, so that their knowledge may contribute to the improvement in the management and advancement of school sports in Serbia.
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