Seksualizovanje Srba

Author(s): Dušan Ilija Bjelić,Lucinda Cole / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Koliko god bio ironičan, gornji navod nagoveštava ne tako davna nastojanja kritičara i učenjaka da »objasne« Srbe, i to najčešće s ciljem da identifikuju ono {to bi moglo objasniti raširenu pojavu silovanja tokom razaranja Jugoslavije. Uvaženi sociolozi, antropolozi, stručnjaci za ženske studije, teoretičari politike i psihoanalitiki kritičari doprineli su ovoj raspravi, ponekad podržavši, a ponekad odbacujući esencijalističke opise srpskog identieta.

What is global change?

Author(s): Matko Meštrović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Because humankind is confronted with the need to manage increasingly complex systems, it would seem appropriate for us to learn to deal with controversial issues by explicitly including different perspectives, Nicolaas D.van Egmond argues in his Foreword to the book Perspectives on Global Change. The model based exploration such as this one, he believes, can actually provide a platform for placing many apparently unrelated events in a larger and more meaningful context. Science can, in this way, contribute to policy-making by adding valueoriented aspects to the ‘knowledge rational’ analysis of how to reconcile ends and means. Such a contribution seems rather urgent in view of the transition which humankind is currently going through.

MISLITI RAT

Author(s): Raymond Aron / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

Možda ću, u okviru ovog pokušaja sveobuhvatne interpretacije, moći da odgovorim na toliko puta ponavljano pitanje o Klauzevicevom metodu i njegovom poreklu i srodnosti sa Kantovim i Hegelovim metodom. Prethodnom odeljku prvog toma svoje knjige dao sam naziv »dijalektika«. Dakle, ne dovodim u pitanje tvrdnju da su Klauzevicevo mišljenje i metod u izvesnoj meri dijalektički. Ostaje nam samo da saznamo - u kojem smislu.

RAT U ZALIVU SE NIJE DOGODIO

Author(s): Jean Baudrillard / Language(s): Croatian Publication Year: 0

Pošto je ovaj rat bio dobijen unaprijed, nikad nećemo saznati kako bi izgledao da je postojao. Nikad nećemo saznati kako bi izgledao Iračanin koji se borio i bio u prilici da se bori. Nikad nećemo saznati kako bi izgledao Amerikanac koji se borio i bio u prilici da bude pobijeđen. Vidjeli smo kako izgleda ultra-moderni proces udara, paralize, lobotomije eksperimentalnog neprijatelja, bez mogućeg odgovora. Ali, to nije rat. Isto kao što 10.000 tona bombi dnevno nije dovoljno da bi to bio rat. Isto kao što direktan prenos preko CNN, realno vrijeme informisanja nije dovoljno da rat učini autentičnim. Pamtimo Capricorn One, kad je na svim svjetskim televizijama direktno prenošen let rakete sa ljudskom posadom na Mars, koji se dogodio samo u jednom pustinjskom studiju.

Domácí násilí v kontextu násilí na ženách

Author(s): Kateřina Machovcová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Diskriminace – co to je a co to není

Author(s): Eva Fialová / Language(s): Czech Publication Year: 0

Osvrt na izveštaj: “Ubistva i migracije na Kosovu” Odgovori na dodatne informacije i analizu

Author(s): Amelia Hoover,Meghan Lynch,Patrick Ball / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

U izveštaju koji sledi a koji se bavi uzrocima ubistava i kretanja izbeglica na Kosovu u periodu od marta do juna 1999. godine, potvrdili smo i proširili rezultate koje smo izneli u analizi iz 2002. godine. Opisujemo revidiranu i proširenu analizu mogućeg kauzalnog odnosa između dejstava OVK /Oslobodilačke vojske Kosova/ ili NATO snaga i perioda tokom kojih su ubistva, odnosno kretanja izbeglica dostizala najvišu vrednost. Obrazlažemo zašto je naša shema obeležavanja bila namerno konzervativna, kako bi se na najbolji mogući način ispitale tvrdnje da su OVK ili NATO bili glavni uzrok ubistava i kretanja izbeglica. Kao što ćemo prikazati, uz minimalan broj verovatnih pretpostavki, naši zaključci biće još čvršći. Naš zaključak prikazuje da uključivanje kompleta podataka o nestancima, identifikaciji posmrtnih ostataka i migraciji ne menja bitno naše prethodne rezultate. Ovim izveštajem potvrđujemo naše zaključke iz 2002. godine: smatramo da podaci ne idu u prilog tvrdnjama da bi OVK ili NATO mogli biti značajan uzrok ubistava i migracija na Kosovu u periodu od marta do juna 1999. Godine.

Prevodi

Author(s): Magda Petryńska,Danièle Sallenave,T. M.,Leonidas Hatziprodromidis,Predrag Matvejević,Melita Richter Malabotta,Paolo Facchi,Nino Recupero,Claudio Venza / Language(s): Serbian Publication Year: 0

The Foreign Fighter Phenomenon and Radicalization in the Western Balkans: Understanding the Context, 2012-2016

Author(s): Vlado Azinović / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Over the last five years, a rise in radicalizing forces in the Western Balkans has manifested in the emergence of the foreign fighter phenomenon – the single most obvious indication of radicalization into violent extremism in the region. This has brought new security challenges and risks, including the departures of citizens to rebel-held territories in the Middle East. While some of these individuals are women, children, and elderly people who have not become foreign fighters, it is believed that from the end of 2012 through the beginning of 2016, up to 950 persons from Western Balkans countries travelled to Syria and Iraq. [...]

ALBANIA: Radicalization and the Governance of Islam in Albania

Author(s): Arjan Dyrmishi / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

With some hundred or more Albanian citizens having now joined the Islamic State of Iraq and the Levant (ISIL), radicalization has become a salient issue in both policy and scholarly domains in Albania. Given the Albanian tradition of religious tolerance and moderation, the quest to understand and explain the foreign fighter phenomenon has sparked extensive debate – in media, among the public, and within academia. Explanations for this trend have focused mainly on the socioeconomic factors affecting certain local communities and individuals, and on the failure of state institutions in some sectors, including in security, intelligence, and education. In general, academic researchers and pundits alike argue in favor of a more robust response by the government. [...]

ALBANIA: Albanian Migrants and Risks of Radicalization

Author(s): Ebi Spahiu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The case of Albania – a new NATO member and an aspiring EU state – reflects that of many Western Balkans countries which have seen their citizens, largely from Muslim-majority areas, join extremist organizations in the Middle East since the 2011 outset of the Syrian conflict. The number of foreign fighters hailing from Albania and the rest of the region peaked when Abu Bakr Al-Baghdadi, the alleged leader of the so-called Islamic State (ISIL), declared the formation of a new “caliphate” in 2014, in territories in Syria and Iraq, and called on Muslims from around the world to migrate there. Security and intelligence services in the region quickly took action against homegrown extremist cells that recruited and facilitated the travel of citizens in response to Al-Baghdadi’s call. However, questions remain over what motivated citizens from Albania to join extremist organizations and the pattern of their radicalization. [...]

BOSNIA AND HERZEGOVINA: The Complex Ecology of Islamic Narratives and Movements in Bosnia and Herzegovina

Author(s): Muhamed Jusić / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The current religious life of Muslims in Bosnia and Herzegovina is about returning to domestic traditions and reducing the post-communist euphoria in public demonstration of religion. The fall of the socialist order led to this euphoria, which was intensified by the aggression and war in Bosnia and Herzegovina – seen, in the minds of Bosnian Muslims, as aimed at destroying Bosnia and Herzegovina as a state and Bosniaks as a people. Meanwhile, the pluralization of the Islamic religious scene in Bosnia and Herzegovina has resulted in the emergence of non-traditional forms of Islamic religious practice. On one hand, this pluralization occurred within the Islamic Community as a consequence of its openness toward other madhhabs and Islamic experiences, and as a result of its exposure to globalization and other broader social and cultural shifts. On the other hand, it occurred outside the Islamic Community and, sporadically, against it, through advocates of different alternative, and in principle, sloppy and rigid interpretations of Islam. The vast majority of Bosnian Muslims perceive these alternative views as attacks on the traditional Bosnian practice of Islam, and they reject them as unacceptable attempts to replace a religion of joy, serenity, and tolerance with a religion of gloominess, discontent, and exclusiveness; attempts to abandon a religion that palliates in order to accept a religion that aggravates.

CROATIA: ISIL’s Western Balkan Caliphettes

Author(s): Anita Perešin / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

With the June 2014 establishment of a “caliphate” in the territories of Iraq and Syria, announced by the self-proclaimed “caliph” and leader of ISIL Abu Bakr al-Baghdadi, his appeal to all Muslims to migrate to these territories has been viewed by some “true believers” in the Western Balkans as a mandatory religious duty. A new wave of Muslim men and women from the Balkans, motivated by a combination of religious and other factors, have left home for the “caliphate,” where the Balkan contingent has supported groups fighting the Assad regime since the beginning of the civil war in Syria. The number of Western Balkans citizens in ISIL territories is not precisely known, but up to 1,000 are thought to make up the Balkan contingent – including male fighters, a much smaller percentage of female fighters, women and children who accompanied their husbands and fathers, some women who traveled alone (often in order to marry), and a small number of teenagers, most of whom have left home without the consent of their parents. The motives and expectations of women in this contingent are difficult to grasp; for, despite ISIL propaganda that compares living in its territory to being at a “Disneyland for Muslims,” the group is among the most notorious terrorist organizations in the world, infamous for its brutal abuse, derogation, and mistreatment of women. [...]

MONTENEGRO: Montenegro and the Foreign Fighter Phenomenon

Author(s): Author Not Specified / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Like other countries in the region, Montenegro has had its fair share of citizens participating as foreign fighters on battlefields abroad; and for the purpose of this study, we will focus on Montenegrin foreign fighters in Syria and Iraq. Due to its geographical location and shared borders with countries that have dealt to a greater degree with this phenomenon – such as Bosnia and Herzegovina, Kosovo, and Albania – the number of Montenegrin foreign fighters joining the fronts of the so-called Islamic State has varied over time, reaching its peak in 2014. Numbers in 2016 were the lowest they have been since the start of the phenomenon; and one can argue that this is the result of legal and operational mechanisms implemented by the Montenegrin government in 2015. [...]

KOSOVO: The Foreign Fighter Phenomenon in Kosovo: Covering a Blind Spot

Author(s): Shpend Kursani,Arbër Fetiu / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The recent emergence of the foreign fighter phenomenon, which has entangled citizens of Kosovo, has attracted significant attention among policymakers, security analysts, and academics at the local and international levels. In Kosovo, the jihadist ideology linked to the phenomenon is unprecedented, at least insofar as its scale. Even the Afghan Wars (1978-1992 and 2001-present) and other Middle Eastern conflicts, which have attracted some 5,000 to 20,000 foreign fighters – many from Europe and the United States – have not inspired certain elements of Kosovo’s Muslim population like the recent conflict in Syria has. Many authors have pointed to the ease of travel and the proximity of the Syrian conflict as important factors in explaining the extraordinary numbers of European foreign fighters taking part in the war there. Yet, the Bosnian war (1992-1995), which attracted a few thousand fighters from around the world, including from other parts of Europe, did not attract fighters from Kosovo in any significant numbers, despite their even closer proximity and potential geostrategic interest in fighting Serbia. [...]

SLOVENIA: From Conversion to Jihad: Contemporary Janissaries – A Slovenian Case Study

Author(s): Simona Hrastnik Čuček / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

As the Syrian crisis has escalated, Slovenia – like a number of European countries – has faced the departure of volunteers for Middle Eastern battlefields. There has been a growing interest among young members of local radical Salafi associations to engage in jihad, which compelled the first two such departures of young men, both converts, in the summer of 2013. They were followed by a third in October of that same year. The radicalization of these young men occurred very quickly, with less than a year passing between their conversion to Islam and their departures for foreign conflict zones. These cases serve as proof that the radicalization process can be expedited by aggressive religious propaganda, particularly that viewed on the Internet, which keeps adherents up-to-date on and personally invested in the situation in Syria and Iraq. The Internet is also the platform of choice for extremist activities of almost any type that address people in their local languages, as part of an effort to spread propaganda. [...]

Kakai Internal Displacement in Kirkuk and the Fear of Violence from the So-called Islamic State in Iraq (ISIS)

Author(s): Seyedehbehnaz Hosseini / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

The Kakai, also called Yārsan or Ahl-e Haqq, follow a religion that emerged thousands of years ago. Their monotheist religion has four principles: Pāki, Rīsti, Nīsti, and Radā. Kakai speak a distinct language called ‘Macho’, a Gūrani Kurdish dialect, and are famous for agriculture and shepherding. They show a strong passion for playing music, because music is an essential part of their religion and rituals. Originally, Kakai believe in Doon-a-Doon (life after death), where a soul passes 1,000 Doon within 50,000 years, and continuously moves from one body to another until it reaches perfection. They also believe that God manifested himself in different souls, such as Ali (the first Shia Imam) and Shah Khoshin, before embodying himself in the form of Sultan Sahak, the founder of the Kakai religion. Kakai also believe that after 1001 transmigrations, the soul comes back to an everlasting home, and everything becomes part of God . In every period, someone had a sense of God, and each period was called the ‘period of Yār’.

Alfabeden Alfabeye Zorunlu Göç: Türk Edebiyatında Bir “Sözde Transkripsiyon” Vakası

Author(s): Fırat Caner / Language(s): Turkish Publication Year: 0

Türkiye’de Osmanlı alfabesinin değiştirilmesine ilişkin tartışmalar bu değişikliği uygulamaya koyan 1928 tarihli yasanın çıkartılmasından çok uzun süre önce başladı. Tartışmalar özellikle 1923-1928 tarihleri arasında yoğun bir şekilde devam etti (Korkmaz, 2009, s. 1974). Latin alfabesinin kabulünü uygun görenler olduğu gibi, böyle bir değişikliğe karşı çıkanlar da vardı. Latin harflerinin kabulünü savunanlar, nüfusun önemli bir kısmının okuma yazma bilmeyişi ve Latin harflerinin eski alfabeye kıyasla daha kolay öğrenilebildiği vb. savları öne çıkarttı (Ülkütaşır, 1998, s. 48). Bu köklü değişikliğe karşı çıkanlarsa, böyle bir değişikliğin mevcut yazılı kültür birikimiyle okuryazar kesim arasındaki bağın kopmasına sebep olacağı vb. savları kullandı.

A Research on Psycho-social Support and Future Expectations of the Syrian Female Asylum-Seekers Living in Turkey

Author(s): Ezgi Arslan,Elif Gökçearslan Çifci,Veli Duyan,Fulya Akgül Gök / Language(s): English Publication Year: 0

Migration is the phenomenon of people’s leaving their areas of residence definitely or temporarily due to a number of reasons (IOM, 2009). Even though the term migration primarily connotes the movement of a particular population from one location to another, migration has a structure that is much more extensive and deep-rooted than mere geographic replacement (Aksu & Sevil, 2010). Today, rapidly changing environmental, economic, political, and social structures lead individuals and groups to migrating to settle in different regions. Based on classifications using different criteria, we may talk of types such as voluntary migration, forced migration, permanent or temporary migration, transit migration, illegal migration, and chain migration (Mutluer, 2003; Gündüz 1996 cited in Ilgaz & Tuzcu 2005). In the literature, internal migration is identified as the population movement between areas within the borders of the country and external migration is identified as movements of geographic replacement occurring towards neighbouring countries or even beyond (Şahin, 2001).

Ballkani dikur dhe sot (Gjendja psikologjike dhe shoqërore)

Author(s): Lush Gjergji / Language(s): Albanian Publication Year: 0

Për ta kuptuar deri diku Mesdheun (Ballkanin) sot lypset analizuar shkurtimisht ngjar-jet historike, sepse ne jemi rrjedhojë dhe pasojë e së kaluares sonë. Ballkani është ndarë dhe shkëputur prej Evropës me dhunë gjatë sundimit shumëshekullor turko-otoman. Ky sundim dhe copëtim ka shkaktuar shumë vuajtje, pësime, frustrime, pakënaqësi, sa që popujt e Ballkanit me shekuj kanë akumuluar domosdoshmërisht shumë agresivitet, kanë qenë thellë të lënduar dhe të poshtërsuar.