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Article analyzes different ways of describing the area of a country / city through the prism of olfactory perception in online discourse. This study is an attempt to describe the specifics of the national-cultural identity odourative signs, securing stable olfactory associations for this or that object actually developing in a cultural stereotype. On the internet travelogues material of texts identified frequency metaphorical images based on combination of olfactory perception in the minds of existing and impressions of various countries / cities. Identified metaphor model reflect the particular situation of linguistic coding olfactory perception, acting as culturally significant landmarks.
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Przebieg wyborów prezydenckich w Stanach Zjednoczonych pokazał, że walka o głosy wyborców prowadzona za pomocą mediów społecznościowych umożliwia szybsze rozprzestrzenianie fałszywych informacji, propagandy i dezinformacji. W zbliżającej się kampanii wyborczej w Niemczech może wystąpić podobny scenariusz. By temu zapobiec, rząd niemiecki zamierza podjąć działania prewencyjne, jednak wobec nowych form internetowego zagrożenia mogą się one okazać niewystarczające.
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The project “Young people in Montenegro – social ornament or social capital?” seeks to contribute to the empowerment of young people in Montenegro and to their active participation in the promotion of democratic values that also lie at the foundation of the European Union. More specifically, the objective of this project is to raise the awareness of the public and interested parties about the issues, problems and the prospects of young people in Montenegro, as well as to strengthen the capacities of young people for active participation in social and political processes. The importance of this project is reflected in the fact that it provides a comprehensive insight into one of the most marginalised social groups in the Montenegrin society – a group that is often talked about, but whose needs, opinions, views and potential have never been adequately recognised or assessed. Consequently, the young people lack the tools to confront the challenge of carving a place for themselves in the society and exerting influence on the current affairs.
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Cybersecurity is one of the new dimensions of security, the one responsible for ensuring a secure online space, a space which can be used safely in all areas of people’s lives - from finance to social media, education, economy, politics, information, debate and even military. Because over 50% of the population is connected in 2020 to the internet, both for work and personal purposes, as numerous transactions are being registered in the cyberspace every second, government and private sector alike need to work together to secure this space to develop early-warning systems and protect the IT infrastructure of any kind of attacks. There are tools for measuring and monitoring cyber-attacks, which need to be explored and constantly improved. But this is not enough as the use of these tools needs to be completed by the joint efforts in raising the users’ awareness in protecting against any attacks. Additionally, exploring and taking advantage of the benefits a digital economy and society can offer should be supported by investments in education and training while maintaining an updated and secure infrastructure.
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Romania stands out as having one of the EU’s least developed systems of online public services, which contrasts with its extensive telecommunications infrastructure offering very fast and cheap access to the network. This is due both to the policy of the governments, which until 2019 did not show much interest in the digitisation process of the country or failed to propose a comprehensive programme for its implementation, and to the resistance of the public, who were distrustful of the e-government solutions offered. However, the outbreak of the COVID-19 pandemic led to a breakthrough: on one hand, it spurred the authorities to introduce legal changes and deploy new technological solutions that had hitherto been postponed, and on the other, it forced Romanian society to use public digital services.
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The report outlines: the current situation in the Red Sea and the Somali Basin, examining its impact on international maritime transport. Discussed are key principles of international law and organizations involved in combating piracy and armed robbery, detailing incidents occurring from 2019 to 2023. The mission and tasks of Operation “Atalanta”, which is one of the primary anti-piracy operations in the Somali Basin, are described along with the current situation in the Area of Operation (AOO). The report briefly narrates the situation with M/V Ruen. It outlines conditions under which the use of Bulgarian Naval Forces in countering piracy is feasible. The paper proposes some directions for addressing piracy and armed robbery issues.
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