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Трофические предпочтения двупарноногих многоножек (diplopoda) при восстановлении территорий, нарушенных горнодобывающей промышленностью

Author(s): Y. L. Kulbachko,O. O. Didur / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

The food selectivity of millipedes (Diplopoda) was studied in different variants of mine spoils and chernozem fillings applied as topsoil. It was found that the ordinary chernozem fillings determines the formation of food priorities increasingly in comparison with the mine spoil. There are shown statistically significant differences between millipeds food priorities depending on the proposed feed: litter leaves of trees (Acer platanoides, Robinia pseudoacacia, Juniperus virginiana) used in forest revegetation of mining lands.

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Методичні аспекти обліку чисельності бактеріобентосу в умовах сезонного коливання температур

Author(s): V. P. Chekalov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

The appropriateness of using the coefficient of temperature correction for the censuring of bacteria in natural conditions, including polar zone water areas, is considered. The numbers of potentially viable and physiologically active microflora in the warm period of year usually coincide. Only one cell in a hundred can be active under conditions of the lower temperature. As a rule, the cultivation of bacterial inoculations at temperatures (+20…+25 °С) which uncharacteristic for a cold season gives the skewed results. A percentage ratio of the number of colonies firstly found out visually under “cold” incubation to the number of colonies of mesophilic forms at the same time lag is proposed to use as a correction coefficient. The modified iron-sulfite agar (Wilson-Blair nutrient medium) is offered for research of anaerobic and aerobic bacterial community.

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Андрогенез in vitro гібридів соняшнику за участю дикорослих видів

Author(s): T. V. Chigrin,L. L. Yushkina,О. А. Zadorozhna / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2012

Androgenesis ability of sunflower hybrids breeded with sharing cultured lines Helianthus annuus L. and wild specieses H. decapetalus, H. divaricatus, H. giganteus, H. microcephalus, H. nuttallіi was analyzed. The influence of genotype and cultivation medium on the quantity of new formation is differentiated. The primary influence of one factor on new formations quantity in most samples is not found. Samples with high ability to androgenesis are determined: hybrids of lines Х114В, Х762В and species H. decapetalus andH. divaricatus.

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Бактеріальні біоплівки. Quorum sensing – «відчуття кворуму» у бактерій в біоплівках

Author(s): E. S. Vorobey,O. S. Voronkova,A. I. Vinnikov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2012

Data on biofilms, their structure and properties, peculiarities of formation and interaction between microorganisms in the film are presented. Information on discovery and study of biofilms, importance of biofilms in the medical and clinical microbiology are offered. The data allow to interpret biofilm as a form of existence of human normal microflora. For the exchange of information within the biofilm between the individual cells of the same or different species bacteria use the signal molecules of the Quorum sensing system. Coordination of bacterial cells activity in the biofilms gives them significant advantages: in the biofilms bacteria are protected from the influence of the host protective factors and the antibacterial drugs.

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Рослинність бердянського військового полігону (запорізька обл.) Та її динаміка

Author(s): V. P. Kolomiychuk / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

The vegetation of the former Berdyansk military training ground is characterized. The research revealed 13 formations, which are grouped into 6 types of vegetation. The succession directions of steppe vegetation have been discovered. Localities of typical and rare plant communities are presented. The flora peculiarities are characterized. It is proposed to create a state botanical reserve in that area

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Ретроспективний огляд формування іхтіокомплексу р. Оріль

Author(s): V. M. Kochet,О. О. Khristov,J. А. Marchenkova,D. L. Bondarev / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

Dynamics of the ichthyofauna in the Orel River under the intensification of transformational processes connected with the large-scaled hydro construction and reformation of the river’s flow. Modern basic indices of the river’s ichthyocomplex are ascertained. Changes in species composition and numbers of fish communities are disclosed for the total period of ichthyologic investigations (1948–2010). Main directions of the ichthyofauna changes and consequences of the introduction of nature protection status of the water area are ascertained. Measures on increasing the ichthyofauna sustainability of the Orel River, as a unique nature object of the central Dnieper region, are proposed.

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Вплив фотостимуляції на біоелектричну реакцію листя кукурудзи

Author(s): M.P. Motsnyj,N.P. Botsva,О.V. Elina,Y. A. Ulanova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2011

Dynamics of the maize leaves’ biopotentials evoked by white, blue, green and red light stimuli with an intensity of 90 Lx illumination is analyzed. Qualitative similarity in dynamics of plant’s bioelectrical response to white and colored stimuli is determined. Hyperpolarization levels are quantitatively estimated for each experimental series. Dependence of the total hyperpolarization levels on the photostimulus wave length is detected. Mean amplitude of the hyperpolarization potentials lessens when the wave length decreases: from 57.7 mV under the red light to 27.7 mV under the blue one. Probable forms of bioelectrical response initiation in photostimulated plants are analyzed.

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Поглощение ионов хлора из раствора NaCl корневой системой ячменя при действии NaBr

Author(s): V. B. Abdyev,N. A. Kasumov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2011

The absorption of chlorine ions by barley roots from NaCl solution under the influence of ions similar in chemical properties to bromine was studied. It’s determined that chlorine and bromine ions are transported by the same carriers into plant cells, i.e. the influence of bromine ions is antagonistic.

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Активність ферментів переамінування в листках sambucus nigra в умовах підвищеної мінералізації

Author(s): O.M. Vasilyuk,Anna Kulik / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The aspartate aminotransferase (АsАТ, EC 2.6.1.1) and alanine aminotransferase (АlАТ, EC 2.6.1.2) activities in the leaves of Sambucus nigra L. under the magnesium sulfate (0.5–2.5 g/l) influense as an exogenous factor in a model experiment are analysed. The correlation between minaralization level and transaminases activities in the leaves are presented.

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Калусогенний потенціал ліній кукурудзи групи ланкастер в умовах in vitro

Author(s): K. V. Derkach,O. E. Abraimova,T. M. Satarova / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The estimation of maize inbred lines of the Lancaster group for immature embryos response to cultivation in vitro was made. It was noted that ability to callusogenesis was genotypically determined and depended on the presence of the subplasm Oh 43 lineage. It was established that frequency of morphogenic callusogenesis in sensitive to cultivation Lancaster group lines was at the level of 30–84 %. Promising maize inbreds cell and genetic engineering by an ability to produce morphogenic calli were identified.

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Prosthogonimus cuneatus (digenea, prosthogonimidae) з молюсків bithynia tentaculata в україні

Author(s): Y. P. Zhytova,A. M. Yemets / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

Parthenitae and larvae of Prosthogonimus cuneatus Rudolphi, 1809 in the fresh water mollusk Bithynia tentaculata s were firstly found in the eastern Polissya (the Psel river bend, Sumy oblast). The paper presents the morphological characteristics of the P. cuneatus cercariae. Comparative analysis of the dimensional data of P. cuneatus sporocysts and larvae with their parthenitae and larvae described by T. A. Krasnolobova (1961), L. F. Filimonova and V. I. Shalyapina (1980), and E. Arystanov (1986) from B. tentaculata, B. inflata and B. caerulans mollusks was made.

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Фізіологічні особливості стійкості основних представників квітучих газонів в умовах міського середовища

Author(s): G. A. Zaiyko,U. V. Lykholat / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The activity of enzymes of the antioxidative complex and glutathione-ascorbic acid system of the main species of decoratively-flowering plants used for blooming lawns in the urban environment are determined. The activity of catalase, peroxydase and polyphenoloxydase, and the content of glutathione and ascorbic acid in 13 plant species were analyzed. One of the basic criteria of plants tolerance is the level of prooxydative and antioxydative metabolic processes. The plant species resistant to adverse conditions are recommended for use in the blooming lawns design in industrial cities.

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Трофічні переваги pterostichus oblongopunctatus (coleoptera, carabidae) в умовах південного лісостепу

Author(s): O. S. Komarov,V. V. Brygadyrenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The specific trophic preferences of Pterostichus oblongopunctatus (Fabricius, 1787) as one of the common litter zoophages in forests biogeocenoses of the south forest-steppe in the Poltava region are investigated. Taxonomic, size-weight and trophic structure of potential food objects offered to the P. oblongopunctatus was analysed. P. oblongopunctatus choice criteria of potential food objects were established: hardness of exoskeleton and size of prey and also victim’s ability for to fast moving.

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Вплив тривалого стресу на регуляцію серцевого ритму щурів

Author(s): O. Z. Melnikova,V. Lyashenko,G. A. Zadorozhnaya,T. G. Chaus,Y. N. Snezhkovskaya,Y. A. Luchka / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2011

The influence of long-lasting stress on rats’ heart rate variability, which reflects its regulation features, was estimated using electrocardiography data. The indices of correlation rhythmogram and variation pulsogram were analyzed in control and stressed animals. It was discovered that changes of studied indices depended on the duration of stress influence and could correspond to the different stages of stress-reaction of an organism.

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Моторна діяльність шлунка та дванадцятипалої кишки за умов блокування no-ергічної системи

Author(s): O. O. Galyns’ky,A. S. Trushenko,V. O. Galyns’ky,O. V. Severynovs’ka,A. I. Rudenko / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 2/2010

The features of ultradian rhythms of the stomach and duodenum of rats under different time spans of blocking NO-synthase and the associated disturbance of regulatory mechanisms have been investigated. The functional relationship between changes in the МEA of stomach and duodenum, as well as the morphological status of the mucous membrane under disturbance of the nitric monoxide synthesis have been established. Each time blocking NO-ergic system caused an increase in motor performance index of the stomach and duodenum by 16.8 % and 42.4 % respectively (p < 0.05). On the sixth day of the NO deficiency, the motor index was noted to increase 1.5 times (p < 0.05), the duodenum rhythm imposed on stomach. It was accompanied by the duodenogastric reflux. On the twelfth day of NO deficit the reduction of the stomach and duodenum motor indices was noted, as compared with a control. It indicated exhaustion of adaptive-compensatory mechanisms. It is advisable to use of data obtained in the pathophysiology and in the medical practice.

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Підбір оптимальних режимів кислотності середовища та аерації при глибинному культивуванні bacillus thuringiensis та beauveria bassiana

Author(s): O. A. Dregval,N. V. Cherevach,A. I. Vinnikov / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2010

The paper deals with the influence of medium pH and aeration rate on growth and sporulation of Bacillus thuringiensis and Вeauveria bassiana, which are main constituents of the complex microbial insecticide. It was established optimal medium pH for B. thuringiensis – 6.0 and for В. bassiana – 6.0–7.0. The maximum productivity of the studied microorganisms was observed in the same range of aeration – 7– 14 mmol O2/l/h. The selected conditions of cultivation are necessary for the production of complex biological insecticide based on the association of B. thuringiensis and B. bassiana.

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Методы планирования экспериментов при оптимизации питательной среды для стрептомицета

Author(s): I. V. Zhernosekova,N. P. Chernogor,А. А. Tymchuk,A. I. Vinnikov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2010

Nutritious medium for the streptomycete have been optimized by a method of experiment planning. Optimization of the fermentative medium by method combined planning of experiment (TFE 24 complete factorial) with a method of concentration gradient motion. Activity of staphylolytic enzymes synthesized by Streptomyces recifensis var. lyticus 2Р-15 was studied as a parameter of the medium optimization. The enzymes activity averaged 5589.4 Un/ml in the medium optimized by a path-of-steepest-ascent method. That exceeds 69– 86 % up on the enzymes activity in a control medium derived by a simplex method of experiment planning.

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Первичная продуктивность агробиогеоценозов на экспериментальном участке рекультивации земель, нарушенных горнодобывающей промышленностью

Author(s): O. V. Zhukov,I. V. Lіadskaya / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2010

The results of the primary productivity investigation of agrobiogeocoenoses in different edaphic condition of reclamated soil have been presented. The spatial variability of the plant community biomass has been shown by means of GIS-approaches. By means of regression analysis the dependence of the phytomass on edaphic factors, such as aggregate composition and humus content, have been quantitatively assessed. The data obtained reveal that the rise of the soil aggregate with size of more than 3 mm leads to primary production increase of agrobiogeocenoses in the recultivated areas.

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Фізіологічні особливості стійкості основних представників квітучих газонів на території ботанічного саду дну ім. Олеся гончара

Author(s): G. A. Zaiyko,U. V. Lykholat / Language(s): Ukrainian Issue: 1/2010

The research of antioxidative enzymes activity of the basic representatives of groundcover plants used for the blossoming lawns design at various stages of their development was carried out. Activity of catalase, peroxydase and polyphenoloxydase was analysed in 26 plant species. It is determined, that one of the basic criteria of plants stability is the level of prooxidative and antioxidative metabolic processes. The features of the enzymes activity of antioxidative complex in studied plants are established. The plants species resistant to adverse conditions are recommended for making the blossoming lawns.

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Гис-подход к оценке изменчивости электропроводнсти почвы под влиянием педотурбационной активности слепыша (spalax microphthalmus)

Author(s): T. М. Konovalova,O. V. Zhukov,O. Y. Pakhomov / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2010

The results of the investigation of the impact of the mole rat’s activity on soil electric conductivity have been presented. GIS-technology have been shown to be effective for assessment of the pedoturbation activity effect on the soil surface heterogeneity formation. Method of the one-dimension spatial coordinated array transformation into matrix form has been proposed for following multidimension statistic analysis application. The quantity estimation of the mole rats role in formation of the habitat nanorelief-level diversity has been obtained by means of indexes of the landscape complexity and diversity.

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