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This article aims to provide a short overview of translation ideas and of some key works on literary self-translation, which are nonetheless sporadic. We start by pointing out that the very limited interest in this type of translation has often represented a topos of various translation discourses and we also explore the possible explanations for this quasi-absence of theoretical contributions in this field. Then, we focus on the new approaches to self-translation and the turning point represented by the past three decades. Finally, we try to establish an inventory of the most recent works on auctorial translation.
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Nowadays, there is an increasing trend towards an opening of the markets and the creation of new jobs in all specialized fields, and even the creation of new activity sectors, in response to emerging needs. Terminology goes hand-in-hand with the rise of new professions. One of the most important processes or fields of study in terminology is neology. Indeed, the terminologist – or neologist in this case – has the task of creating terms in order to designate new concepts resulting from the emergence of new realities and references. In this paper, we will study the phenomenon of terminological neology, as well as the methods and the criteria that should be observed in the process. We will present examples extracted from different activity sectors and, in this context, we will talk about the concepts of language policy and terminology planning, based on examples from different countries such as Egypt, France, and Canada.
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There are people who still believe that a conference interpreter is someone who knows everything, a kind of hybrid, half- human, half-dictionary, that s/he has the capacity of conveying any message from any language to the language the audience understands. Of course, the more experience one has and the broader his/her general knowledge, the more likely one is to live up to the clients’ expectations. But preparing for a conference using scarce elements can be, as highlighted below, a real adventure on the road of knowledge for the interpreter.
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The following study examines the translation of terms used in the Russian and Romanian traditions of the theory of translation. The analysis is focused on the problems of meaning, context of reference and status of the source and target units. The author suggests that the possible equivalents are identified in the light of historical and broad context, presenting a comparative analysis of the Russian and Romanian context-related conceptual systems, followed by the suggestions of terminological transfer.
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The use of the medical language during a medical consultation can be considered as a risky activity. Although it is an appropriate language for physicians, in front of the patient, medical language can have many interpretations between the physician and the patient. This paper examines the fact that the patient has his/her own medical language in relation to his/her culture which is different from the official medical language. Understanding the patient requires the knowledge of his/her culture. The non-respect of this culture can lead to misunderstanding mainly when the physician is a migrant. Finally, the paper raises questions regarding the good intercultural communication between patients and doctors.
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This article describes English instruction manuals as a specialized genre in relation to their translation into other languages. Instruction manuals are a frequently used genre in today's world. In order to translate them appropriately, translators need to know their characteristics. Although they seem easy to understand and translate, instruction manuals have certain syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic characteristics that should be known in advance by any translator who sets out to translate such a text. Using a framework of genre analysis suggested by Anthony Pym, the article describes instruction manuals based on seven major categories.
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Specialized languages constitute both a challenge and a frontier for language evolution. Confronted on the one side with the need for precision and exactness, on the other with the necessity of being comprehensible for a large public and for financial institutions, these particular linguistic areas are nowadays reconsidered in their general context. Furthermore, their evolutions seem more and more conditioned by extra-linguistic factors. This implies a reflection, by the teachers of modern applied languages, on how specialized and common languages deal with one another and in which ways these two areas could be taught to students. This article analyses the positive contributions of the study of specialized languages to more general linguistic skills such as exactness and accuracy in translation, precision in the use of linguistic expressions and, more generally, the development of a more clear and organized structure of mind.
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This paper examines interpreting, typically perceived as a communication profession, in the context of modern society and current practice in international meetings, where one may identify increasing obstacles to communication. Three particular obstacles are discussed: new technologies, including ICT and remote interpreting, poor communication skills on the part of meeting participants and the increasing use of international English ("globish"). The main thesis is that the use of interpretation in a significant number of situations where there are objective obstacles to communication, and perhaps even a lack of real interest in communication between meeting participants, implies the need to revisit certain aspects of interpretation theory, to review our pedagogy of interpreting and ultimately for professional interpreters to examine whether they should adapt their interpreting practice.
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With new technologies gaining ground, machine interpretation has become a frequent subject at conferences on interpreting. This article briefly discusses the history of machine translation, then examines new information and communication technologies (ICT) and computer-assisted interpretation (CAI) used during interpreting assignments. Finally, it presents an analysis of how machine interpretation functions and discusses a few consecutive and simultaneous interpreting solutions and devices. As a conclusion, it will try to answer the question whether machines will ever replace human interpreters.
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As interpreters, we learn how important it is to take into consideration our audience, its expectations, needs and education. But what if our public were made up of seven-year olds? Wouldn’t that sound easier than addressing a group of scientists? At a first glance, we may consider it a child play, but when faced with this situation one realizes that youngsters can seriously test interpreting skills. This paper seeks to portray the challenges of interpreting for children and is primarily based on first-hand experience in interpreting for children. We will be focusing on the peculiarities of interpreting for children – the tone of voice, the choice of words, the approach, etc.; the role of the interpreter who needs to do more than interpret, but also entertain, support or instruct; and the challenges that intervene when interpreting for such a young audience. We seek to illustrate here how we can become interpreters for children, being able to speak their language while maintaining professional standards.
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The article sets out to describe the process of Sign Language Interpretation for the media based on the author’s personal experience on a regional Romanian television channel. We focus on the challenges the Sign Language Interpreter is faced with when interpreting for the media as well as on the difference between pre-recorded news interpretation and live talk-show interpretation as viewed from the perspective of Daniel Gile’s Effort Models. Feedback from the Deaf consumers and further directions for developing the interpretation services are also discussed.
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In our opinion, D. Séleskovitch’s theory of meaning is best suited to meet the challenges of specialized translation pedagogy. In this paper, we look at the essentials of this theory (understanding, deverbalization and reexpression) insofar as they are the key stages of the translation process. Specialized translation runs the risk of giving the impression of a fragmented work unless the would-be translators have acquired the ability to freely reformulate the text, focusing on those elements which actually construct the meaning (i. e. the agent, the operation, the place, the device) . But how can all this be achieved? In this paper, we will present some of the methods that can be adopted to this effect, insisting on the need to learn to comply with constraints of real life situations such as the deadline or the revision by an expert. We thus make a case for knowledge sharing.
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