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Review of: Anis H. Bajrektarević: From WWI to WWW. Geopolitics 100 Years Later, Less explored aspects of geopolitics, technology, energy and geoeconomics, and other foreign policy essays, Addleton Academic Publishers, New York, 2018, 342 pages ISBN 978-1-942585-41-1 (e-book)
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The new world, where artificial intelligence is applied in every industry and aspect of life, is already becoming second nature to us. Strengthen the penetration of all the company’s business operations to withstand competitive pressures. Its impact is also apparent. The increasing importance of the added value of your application is being widely discussed, yet there is little discussion on how to measure it. This essay seeks to address this disparity. It raises the question of how to determine the indirect added value of artificial intelligence in the businesses that utilize it. In order to achieve this, we propose a model based on three main factor groups: cognitive elements, which influence how AI is perceived; behavioral elements, which affect behavior when using AI; and environmental variables, which impact laws governing the adoption or regulation of AI. The indirect value added by the application of AI is calculated by the organization’s management using numerical expressions for each set of elements.
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Which business idea or project would be successful? Is it worth investing in it and to what extent? What is the risk level and how can it be mitigated to achieve success? All these questions are relevant to both entrepreneurs and investors, especially when it comes to high-risk start-ups. The purpose of this paper is to present a methodology for intelligent effectiveness and risk assessment (IERA) of investments in high-risk start-ups, with a focus on space industries. Such an assessment is challenging for several reasons, including the lack of unified statistics on space industries, evaluation of benefits other than economic ones, long-term development challenges, etc. The developed IERA methodology integrates a combination of various known methods used in the space industries for both investment appraisal and risk assessment. The application of various AI-based tools for methodology criteria, weights, and scores contributes to obtaining realistic values and ensures the success of the analysis results, thereby benefiting the project itself. Thus, the applied IERA methodology can be implemented in real-time, based on a broad knowledge base, with high accuracy, and requiring significantly fewer financial resources. The main advantage of the developed methodology is the assurance it provides to both entrepreneurs and investors, offering them sufficient certainty and confidence.
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Undoubtedly, the traditional sectors are in not competitive position with other sectors in Industry 5.0 conditions. Digital companies receive better staff and get more money from the bank and have better possibilities for projects. But, what could do they to be more competitive in the digital Era? The main hypothesis is that “traditional” producers has to change their main activities to be competitive in the digital era. Thus, the paper research possible elements of their competitiveness based on Intelligent specialization strategies. Thus, the main results of the paper are focused on summarizing roadmap to competitiveness by smart specialization. Main instruments used in the paper are: literature review and case-study approach for analyzing the competitive instruments that textile companies could accept. Findings in the paper could be connected with the competitive growth theories.
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The technology development of society has a strong impact on the labor market. The use of artificial intelligence leads to changes in the requirements for occupying certain professions, the elimination of same positions, as well as the appearance of new professions. This necessitates changes in the organizational structure and job design. Also changing are the requirements for employees who must acquire new knowledge and develop skills to be able to occupy certain professions. The turbulent business environment also requires organizations to be able to identify emerging trends and quickly respond to these new demands in order to stay in the market. It is here that to stay “in the game” analysis is needed, which projects future trends using artificial intelligence.
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The widening scope of the application of digital technologies and artificial intelligence (AI) is undoubtedly leading to a transformation of education in different areas of activity – one of which is unquestionably the preparation and qualification of teachers. Without focusing on the risks tied to the application of AI in education – most often concerning the credibility, security, safety and privacy of the subjects – the demand is on its potential for teaching and learning and the need for specialized training to do so. The research focuses on assessing the extent of the use of generative AI in both the everyday and professional activities of students – future teachers, with the aim of gauging the current state of attitudes and readiness for its application in future professional activity. The study sample comprises 200 students enrolled in the pedagogy professional program at both bachelor‘s and master‘s levels. The data collection was conducted via an online questionnaire with four separate groups of questions related to the use of generative AI in daily life, education, their current training, and prospects for application in professional practice. A low level of readiness for the use of generative AI by students was found, which, in turn, necessitates a reconsideration of educational practices regarding the formation and development of their digital competence, particularly concerning the application of AI. A logical relationship was found between students‘ readiness to use generative AI in education and their future professional activities related to ethical context, preparation of didactic tools, interaction with children and students, generation of educational content and development of assessment tools.
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The administration of the judiciary is an integral part of the structure of the state administration, but human resource management specifically in the judicial administration is still an understudied area. The scientific objective of this work is to examine the educational needs of judicial administration, in the introduction of digitalization processes in judicial administration and in human resources management. In order to achieve the formulated aim, specific scientific research approaches and methods are applied in the paper. In the theoretical-methodological plan, a systematic approach, a method of analysis and synthesis, an interdisciplinary approach, a descriptive method, etc. are used. Along with them in empirical plan the survey research, in-depth interviews, participation in discussions, content analysis of documents are used. The approaches applied in the overall research are those of induction and deduction. As a result of the complex analysis, conclusions and summaries are drawn, and solutions are proposed for improving the work of the administration of the judicial authorities.
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Building on earlier work engaging with the entanglement of artificial intelligence (AI) and apocalypticism and both with whiteness (Ali 2019), in the present essay I explore AI through the lens of a political theology informed by critical race theory and decolonial thought. The essay begins by setting out the meaning of a few key concepts, viz. AI, political theology, ‘The World’, and the apocalyptic, before going on to consider their relationship, and concludes by briefly sketching an oppositional stance that I suggest is appropriate to adopt in relation to AI where the latter is understood as a manifestation of racialised political theology.
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The purpose of this review article is to examine the impact of digital transformation and artificial intelligence on organizational learning and development in contemporary organizations. Digital transformation is transforming the business environment, and organizations that invest in generative artificial intelligence for learning and development gain a competitive advantage. A non-systematic review of the academic literature is used to explore a variety of theoretical and empirical studies from different academic disciplines. Organizations need to adapt to the complexities of digital transformation and the integration of generative artificial intelligence into organisational learning and development. This is a necessity in addition to a strategic choice to remain competitive and sustainable in the digital age.
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Artificial intelligence is increasingly entering all spheres of our lives, including the sphere of education. These technologies offer numerous advantages and opportunities to perform various activities and tasks throughout the educational process. This article discusses some aspects of the application of AI technologies to improve personalization, accessibility, and interactivity in school education, and especially in learning STEAM subjects. The authors aim to propose approaches to successfully integrate AI into the work of teachers and facilitators during the preplanning phase of lessons, the preparation of personalized tasks for students, the process of testing and assessing knowledge, as well as in group and project-based learning. The article shares the experience of teaching a compulsory computer science course as well as working in an interest club related to artificial intelligence and robotics with 6th grade students in secondary school, highlighting the potential of certain chatbots to support and enrich the process of programming.
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This paper deals with the interpretation of the impact of artificial intelligence (AI) in the field of artistic creation from the standpoint of aesthetic evaluation, emphasizing the distinction between aesthetic and artistic valorisation within contemporary aesthetics research. The paper broadly compares two aesthetic perspectives – traditional and contemporary: the former is value determined through the idea of beauty, while the latter directs its interpretive focus on the body, specifically the disabled body. By recognizing the similarity between the representation of disabled bodies and works of art generated with the help of artificial intelligence, the possibility arises to connect AI creation with the so-called disability aesthetics. In this way, the treatment of the body in modern art serves as a starting point for establishing a new ideology of aesthetic evaluation in era of late capitalism.
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Review of: Corneliu Bjola & Ilan Manor (Eds.), The Oxford Handbook of Digital Diplomacy, Oxford University Press, Oxford, 2024, 704 p
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The 2022 release of ChatGPT sparked widespread discussions on Artificial General Intelligence (AGI). Through a detailed examination of an interview with Bard, a large language model, the study uncovers narratives of optimism and pessimism regarding AGI's future implications. It found a higher leaning towards optimism about AGI's potential effects, extending from education, arts, and relationships, to economy and space exploration. Conversely, pessimistic views pointed out potential downsides, such as unemployment, political instability, and media manipulation. The study also identified four primary AGI themes - the relationship between humans and AGI, AGI acquiring a physical form, AGI simulating a universe, and the responsible utilization of AGI. These insights aid in understanding the complex socio-technical imaginary surrounding AGI. The study has its limitations as it is based solely on the responses provided by Bard during its test phase. Additional research may reveal changes in AGI discourse representation as the model evolves.
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The article aims to address the issue whether the Polish legislation on employment promotion and labour market institutions requires a reform. Economic processes, which can be observed worldwide and which will substantially impact the labour market, including the one in Poland, are currently underway. The paper also aims to introduce the readers to the concept of A Just Transition. The article compares foreign approaches to Polish legal regulations with respect to conducting active labour policies, promoting employment and safeguarding employees exposed to negative effects of transition. The article argues that Poland is not ready for the present changes arising from climate, digital, or demographic transformation. The findings should facilitate the development of suitable labour market policies in this area.
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This article examines the impact of the technological revolution on changes taking place in the field of employment, which is a topical issue in both international and domestic law. The purpose of the article is to indicate how current legislation, as well as its drafts, contribute to the protection of job applicants involved in the employees’ recruitment and selection process. The article also addresses the issue of liability for the phenomenon of “automated discrimination” that can occur in connection with the use of artificial intelligence algorithms in the employee recruitment and selection process.
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The article proposes a model of in-depth training on modern concepts and practices of artificial intelligence (AI). The model is balanced, with an emphasis on active learning with a synergistic and holistic creative approach, where over 80% of the time the student is involved in an active (individual or collective) activity: researching materials, drawing up models, discussions and debates, SWOT analyses, as well as project-based tasks of greater or lesser volume, problem cases. The topics are considered not only in their strictly technical context, but also holistically synergistically: ethics in the issue of artificial intelligence, strategies for regulations, future perspectives and benefits, personal interests. The curriculum aims to provide high school students with a comprehensive understanding of artificial intelligence, covering fundamental concepts, practical applications, advanced technologies, ethical considerations and future trends in the field, as through a combination of theoretical learning, practical projects, creative activity and discussions, will develop critical thinking skills and will prepare for -further study or career in AI related fields.
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This paper presents a study on the applicability of blockchain technology in an e-learning system. The technical characteristics and operational costs of using blockchain technology were examined and evaluated to select the appropriate technology for a specific e-learning platform. A comparative analysis of leading Level 1 (L1) blockchain platforms was conducted, focusing on four main metrics: average block generation time, transaction cost, transaction finalization time, and chain throughput measured in transactions per second for each chain. The objective is to assess and compare key parameters that are crucial when choosing a specific blockchain for recording information under real-world conditions in e-learning systems. Methods for analyzing publicly available information were applied, combined with verification of data compatibility and consistency from various sources.
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The objective of this paper is to research challenges, including key factors in the process of transitioning from a long-term asynchronous distance learning platform to a new one with enriched functionality. The main issues for reaching the goal are related to surveying the parties involved in the educational process; summarizing and analyzing the results; formulating conclusions and guidelines for taking relevant actions. Two surveys are conducted, using specially developed approaches, to establish student expectations and the attitudes of lecturers from the Faculty of Business and Management of the University of Ruse “Angel Kanchev”, regarding the use of “Moodle” instead of “e-Learning Shell 02”. The proposed guidelines can facilitate the process of migration between platforms and the preparation of documentation for assessment and accreditation of the professional fields in the Faculty.
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The visualization of education and the digital presentation of the studied material are already an inseparable part of modern education. In the new innovative world, young people have online access to vast amounts of information, which in most cases is superficial, unscientific, highly visual and organized in small spots of text. Therefore, a better knowledge of the factors that influence the perception of information is needed – good structure, engaging content, quality visualization. These factors shape how people process and remember presented knowledge. The present scientific development describes a study conducted using an eye tracking system, which visualizes the orientation of attention with different structuredness of the presented learning material. Research indicates the most appropriate structuring of text::images elements. The analysis made can serve as a guide for tutors when preparing learning resources; indicate how the informative material should be organized, enriched with appropriate pictures or infographics.
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The innovative zSpace technology allows students to learn through holographic content and simulation experiments using Virtual and Augmented Reality (VR/AR). zSpace combines hardware, software, and learning content focused on various STEM disciplines. zSpace features a combination of VR/AR and 3D interactivity. The main advantages of the technology lie in three main aspects: the way of assimilation of knowledge, acceptance of information, and application in practice. The use of zSpace leads to some significant improvements in knowledge acquisition: it activates several sensory functions, resulting in higher levels of engaging learning experience; achieves a high level of realism, which guarantees the memorization and more effective learning of the learning content; motivates students; improves achievement in science, math, career, and technical education.
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