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THE POVERTY IN SLOVAKIA IN COMPARISON TO OTHER SELECTED EU COUNTRIES

Author(s): Daniela Palaščáková,Nataliia Stepaniuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

Poverty is a phenomenon which is present in all parts of the world. The main objective of the paper is to assess poverty in Slovakia compared with selected EU countries through cluster analysis. To the best of the country combined into clusters so as to achieve maximum similarity in terms of the monitoring indicators of poverty in the group, and the largest difference between the groups. Joining countries into clusters to be followed in a period of three years - 2006, 2009 and 2012 in order to determine the impact of the economic and financial crisis on poverty and social exclusion in the EU

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THE PUBLIC POLICY OF INFORMATION SOCIETY

Author(s): Alina Yuryevna Yakymchuk,Victoria Yaroshchuk / Language(s): English Issue: 2/2016

The main objectives of the state policy in the field of information, which is the reason for the creation of appropriate conditions for achieving this goal were definited. In particular, coordination of the central executive authorities to address the problems of information, execution of functions of the general state of the customer National Informatization Program projects, the organization of international cooperation in matters of information and the like. The state policy of information covers the entire complex of relations that arise: in the creation, collection, storage, processing, storage, retrieval and dissemination of information; in the preparation and use of information and information resources; while ensuring the sovereignty of information, information security and information protection.

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РАЗВИТИЕ ПРОФЕССИОНАЛЬНОЙ МОТИВАЦИОННОЙ КОМПЕТЕНЦИИ БУДУЩЕГО СПЕЦИАЛИСТА С ВЫСШИМ ЭКОНОМИЧЕСКИМ ОБРАЗОВАНИЕМ

Author(s): Svitlana Yakubovska / Language(s): Russian Issue: 2/2015

In the article the conditions of development of a professional motivational competence of future specialist with higher education in economics , analyzed the concept of " intrinsic motivation ", " positive motivation ", " professional resistance teacher " , presented results of a study of internal motivation of students and its influence on the formation of a positive professional " self-concept " modern student

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ВЗАИМНАЯ ВЫГОДА КАК ГАРАНТИЯ РЕШЕНИЯ ОБЩЕСТВЕННЫХ ПРОБЛЕМ И КОНФЛИКТОВ

Author(s): Mariia Klets,Dmytro Klets / Language(s): Russian Issue: 1/2015

This article describes a General analysis of the socio-economic development of mankind in the last 200 years. These fundamental shortcomings of forced, non-economic control of man by man. Suggested ways legitimized the transition of the state in managing social development on the basis of economic feasibility.

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Evidence of Municipal Awareness as a Construct for Enhancing Citizen Satisfaction in Municipal Council of Malaysia

Author(s): Muhammad Umar Bello,David Martin,Rozilah Kasim,Muhammad Najib Razali,Yunos Ngadiman,Talib Bon / Language(s): English Issue: 02/2018

This research study critically analysed the existing literature on municipal awareness relevancy of Municipal councils’ service delivery for the purpose of enhancing citizen satisfaction. The purpose of the study is the investigation of citizen satisfaction level of municipal services. Analysis of the existing literature on the relationship between municipal awareness and citizen satisfaction. The Material and methods were carried out using secondary data and were meticulously and critically analysed to come up with reliable results. The study shows the relevancy of the public awareness, citizen satisfaction and municipal council performance in Malaysia. It is evident in the research that citizen consent is important before municipal services should be provided in the local community. The research study highlighted many discrepancies in many kinds of literature related to the existing research study, the evidence-based analysis was carried out to buttress importance and significance of the related study to the research work. The literature was reviewed to ascertain the current happening in the area of local government service delivery. The study shows that many municipal councils in Malaysia provide adequate and satisfactory services to their citizens’. The study also revealed that municipal council plays an important role in citizen awareness of municipal service delivery. The study concludes that municipal service delivery can be enhanced through citizen awareness campaign, to sensitise the local community on various aspects of service delivery including maintenance of the facilities provided. The study also concludes that Municipal councils lack awareness section affects their performance in service delivery process. The study recommends that Municipal councils officials need to be consulted the citizen for their needs and wants; awareness campaign needs to be regularly carried out to maintain cordial relationship between Municipal councils and their citizen; it is also recommended that municipal services should be delivered the needed services by the local inhabitants’ after duly consultation.

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Niestandardowe źródła kapitału ludzkiego w rozwoju cywilizacji

Author(s): Mieczysław Dobija / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The standard source of human capital are: an increase in human resources, professional education and gain professional experience. In the history of humanity sees itself still other sources, such as artifacts called ME in antiquity. The article examines and emphasizes the role of spirituality inhuman capital development and progress of civilization. It analyzes the source of the mainstream sciences but also metaphysical accomplishments showing the horizons of human knowledge.

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Lessons from the Polish way of transformation

Author(s): Michał Gabriel Woźniak / Language(s): English,Polish Issue: 52/2017

The article compares the characteristics of state and market-driven coordination. It derivesfrom them the need to return to capitalism. The author describes the role of the state in the processof market liberalization of the centrally planned economy, the dilemmas of state modernization,the problems emerging from the overstressed dynamics of the transition to the market. Against thisbackground, the main features of Polish transformation have been described and the mistakes madehave been identified. The author also answers the question of whether the choice of an alternativemodel of capitalism was possible than that proposed by the Washington consensus. The author postulatesthe use of the conclusions of the critical analysis of the Polish way of transformation in thenew wave of reform of the economy and the functioning of the public sector in Poland.

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Bezpieczeństwo jako globalne dobro publiczne w kontekście problemu państw upadłych

Author(s): Marek Leszczyński / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

Security as the subject of studies has gained popularity among the representatives of socialscience disciplines in recent years. Within the framework of economic studies, the studies oversecurity are conducted within one of the specific economy – security economy. Security guaranteeis one of the basic functions of the state and the conditions of its accomplishment lie in the area ofinterest of the discipline mentioned. Recently, because of the growing number of so called failedstates, researchers such as J. Kleer [2015] point out that the security has become the global publicgood. Each human has a right to feel secure, although such security is not always provided by theparticular inhabited territory. Development of failed states is the effect of strong competition for theresources (such as raw materials, water resources, technology) by the weaknesses of institutionalstate systems. As a result, the fundamental question arises of how and who is going to provide securityin the conditions of erosion of national states. In this context, the transnational institutions suchas United Nations, European Union or NATO have a significant role. The aim of the article is toshow the meaning of security as a public good (a global public good) in the conditions of instabilityof international systems and considerable developmental differences which result in arising of failedstates. These states do not perform their basic functions in any way, they do not have control overtheir own territory and are the subject to attacks of international criminal groups, corruption and thelike. Failed countries constitute a significant economic problem and a potential threat for the moredeveloped part of the world. In this context, it is crucial to seek for alternative methods of improvingthe situation and fairer formation of developmental processes.

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Kapitał społeczny i jego relacje z czynnikami wytwórczymi

Author(s): Małgorzata Wosiek / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The presented study is of exploratory character, whose objective is to verify the role of socialcapital in relation to other productive factors such as physical and human capital, as well as unskilledlabour. The Polish provinces have been chosen as research areas. The study also verifies a hypothesisthat in the Polish economy the relations between social capital and the aforementioned productivefactors are complementary in nature. The translogarithmic production function has been selected asand ranging from 2002 to 2014.The performed analyses do not provide sufficient evidence for confirming or rejecting the researchhypothesis, however, on their basis, some of the characteristics of the studied dependenciescan be observed. Relationships that combine social capital with other productive factors are not onlycomplementary but may also be interchangeable. The nature of the relationship depends, amongothers, on the type of the productive factor (physical capital, human capital, unskilled labour) andthe aspect of social capital (normative, behavioural or structural).The results of the calculations indicate the substitutive nature of the relationship between thenormative as well as behavioural social capital and physical capital. The relationship between thestructural format of social capital (inclination to associate) and physical capital bear the symptomsof complementarity. The results also signal the complementary nature of relations that combine socialcapital (in all its aspects) with human capital and unskilled labour. In each case, the statisticallyunsatisfactory results of the calculations question the power and effectiveness of the impact of socialcapital on the accumulation of the analysed productive factors.

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Produktywność pracy w Polsce w przekroju województw

Author(s): Wojciech Kozioł / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The first part of this article presents the essence of intellectual-institutional capital. It is partof the capital of the country which finances intellectual and institutional resources. The quality ofthose resources contributes to the sustainable growth of an economy. The second part provides rulesof measuring of the institutional-intellectual capital. Reliably stated level of this capital is an informationregarding implementation of the sustainable development paradigm. In order to measureintellectual-institutional capital, labor productivity indicator was used, derived based on the conceptof analytical production function. This is a function of seven variables, reflecting the actual wayof composing of production factors in the process of products formation and their market realization.This indicator integrates technical equipment of labor, assets turnover, returns on assets, andthe level of human capital remuneration. The pursuit of sustainable development is a politically--economic goal, which reflects stable increase of the labor productivity factor. In-depth analysis ofthe sustainability of economic growth can be provided by regional labor productivity analysis. Thelast part of the paper presents the results of measuring labor productivity in Poland by region. Theresults indicate that the level of labor productivity is 2.12, what is typical for developing countries.At the same time, the results indicate significant distance to developed countries, where the value oflabor productivity exceeds 3. In turn, the results of the measurement of regional labor productivityindicate another problem, reflected in large differences between regions. It proves the developmentof Poland to be uneven.

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Innowacyjność i kapitał ludzki w rozwoju regionu

Author(s): Rafał Tuziak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The article focuses on the issues of innovation and human capital as endogenous factors ofregional development. It shows the importance of regional innovation and human capital for improvementof regional competitiveness and increasing development opportunities in an intensifyingrivalry between contemporary socio-territorial systems, the regions in particular.The first part of the article has a briefly definitional approach of regional development, payingattention to the many aspects of this process and the importance of internal quality factors and developmentresources.In the second part of the study innovation of regions was defined as the ability to implementreforms, changes and improvements in the sphere of socio-economic development aimed at improvingthe effectiveness of mechanisms to support regional development. Pro-development impact ofinnovation in the territorial dimension was shown in the course of the analysis of the structure andfunctioning of regional innovation networks, environment and regional innovation strategies.In the third part of the article human capital was characterized as an important factor for developmentof the region. The significance of this endogenous development resource is shown in thecontext of the theory of regional innovation systems, the concept of learning region and the conceptof the creative class.Included in the article analysis and characterization of pro-development impact of innovationand human capital in the regional level, show the importance of social and cultural phenomena asa soft, non-economic factors of economic growth and development.

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Industrializacja i deindustrializacja gospodarki. Przyczynek do dyskusji nad reindustrializacją gospodarki Polski

Author(s): Renata Śliwa,Piotr Waląg / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The main objective of the paper is to outline the course of the process of structural change inthe condition of the economy of Poland. Poland perceived as an example of an economy that entersthe phase of deindustrialization without fully drained the potential of industrialization – demand forindustrial goods not saturated and still existing possibilities to strengthen comparative advantages.The theoretical approach to industrialization and deindustrialization of an economy serves asa background to further investigation of the problems on the grounds of the economy of Poland. Theanalysis of the conditions of Polish economy is undertaken by the means of simple measures suchas the first Kaldor law, the saturation of sectoral demand, GDP per hour worked, GDP per capita.Following the presented analysis, industrialization as an important source of productivity andincome emerges as an indispensable element of economic policy of Poland on the way to catch up.

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Wpływ instrumentów polityki fiskalnej na wahania koniunkturalne w gospodarce polskiej

Author(s): Joanna Spychała / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

The article examined the impact of the tools used in fiscal policy to changes in economic activity.Given the way the impact of the various fiscal instruments is not always consistent with theassumptions theoretically, in practice these instruments show a stabilizing or destabilizing. The mainobjective of this article is to attempt to empirically investigate the nature of the impact of selectedmeasurable instruments of fiscal policy on economic activity in Poland in the years 2001–2013.On this basis, it was assessed the effectiveness of these instruments in the policy pursued countercyclical.The analysis was supplemented presentation of the most important morphological characteristicsof cyclical fluctuations in the economy distinguished Polish basis of the GDP of adjustedCPI. The study hypothesized that implemented in Poland, fiscal policy in a low degree is aimed atachieving the objectives of counter-cyclical. With the considerations concerning the effectiveness ofthe Polish economy, counter-cyclical measures can be concluded that this policy is characterized bylow efficiency. Fiscal policy implemented in Poland was not consistent and poorly oriented to theachievement of the objectives of counter-cyclical, which confirmed the hypothesis formulated in theintroduction. Directions of changes in the use of the majority of fiscal instruments in the course ofthe business cycle have been inconsistent with the demands of theoretical and attention that focuseson tax instruments.

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JST a organizacje pozarządowe– modele współpracy

Author(s): Elżbieta Inglot-Brzęk / Language(s): Polish Issue: 52/2017

Relationship between local government and non-government organizations is the result of legalregulations, and the cooperation is recognized as root and supreme rule connecting both localgovernment and non-government sectors. In the first, theoretical part of the article, catalogue ofcooperation forms with all law regulations was introduced. It was the basis on which the theoreticalmodel of cooperation between local government and non-government sectors was built. This modelindicates, that the local government units possess prerogatives in creating the areas, forms and rangeof cooperation. The results of empirical studies show that facultative and open model of cooperationforms catalogue leads to creation of the asymmetric relationship in which non-governmentorganization fulfil ancillary nature position. This situation is gorgonized by financial dependence ofnon-government organization from local government unit grants. The conclusions are based on thecooperation forms monitoring.In the second part of the article, the results of self-studies were presented. Empirics was con--centrated on functioning of non-financial cooperation facilities. Gathered material served to presentthree experimental issues. Firstly, an attempt was made to capture the support models usedby local-government units. Because of peculiar nature of the implemented cooperation forms, thisassumption was impossible to achieve. The second assumption, on the other hand, stated that theterritorial type is a feature which diversifies forms and number of used facilities, which was confirmedin the conducted analyses. Finally, it was assumed that implemented support forms diversifythe shape of non-government organizations on the research territories. To verify the assumption,empirical data was completed with Central Statistical Office of Poland. The analyses conductedenabled the presentation of support forms catalogue, which accompany good shape of third sectorand dynamics of its development.

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Public E-administration Condition and Perspectives in Podkarpackie Voivodship

Author(s): Malgorzata Stec / Language(s): English Issue: 52/2017

The paper presents the situation and perspectives for development of e-government in Podkarpackie voivodship. In empirical studies, some aspects of e-government functioning of local self- -government entities are rated. Providing of documents for geodetic and cartographic services are investigated as well as adapting of local self-government entities websites to international standards. The results show that the level of implementation of geodetic and cartographic e-services in Podkarpackie voivodship is varied. Most of the Internet portals do not satisfy the WCAG 2.0 standard and their its quality is disappointing.

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Kluczowi interesariusze w projektach - wyniki badań

Author(s): Mateusz Juchniewicz / Language(s): English Issue: 3/2017

Świadomi i zaangażowani interesariusze są niezbędni do skutecznego wdrożenia zmiany związanej z projektem. Można zatem stwierdzić, że umiejętne angażowanie interesariuszy jest jednym z kluczowych czynników sukcesu w zarządzaniu projektami.W obliczu stale rosnącego znaczenia projektów dla organizacji i gospodarki, określanego mianem projektyzacji (ang. projectification) kompetencje w zakresie kształtowania i środowiska społecznego projektów stają się obiektem zainteresowania zarówno badaczy jak i praktyków zarządzania. Bardzo ważne jest również skupienie się na kluczowych interesariuszach. Z tego względu podjęcie badań w tym obszarze jest celowe i uzasadnione - zarówno ze względów naukowych jaki praktycznych. Prezentowany artykuł stanowi podsumowanie badań realizowanych w latach 2016-2017 w organizacjach realizujących projekty w Polsce. Zaprezentowano podstawowe zagadnienia dotyczące kluczowych interesariuszy w projektach. Przedstawiono kluczowe wnioski z badań.

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Zmiany instytucjonalne i transformacja systemów ekonomicznych – podstawy teoretyczne i doświadczenia

Author(s): Jerzy Wilkin / Language(s): Polish Issue: 2/2017

Postsocialist transition is a great experiment in institutional and systematic changes. The process has not been completed yet, even in countries of the former Soviet block presently belonging to the European Union. The history of changes taking place in a large group of Central and Eastern European countries shows how important the understanding of the institutional framework of these reforms and the related analysis of the economic systems evolution is. Achievements of institutional economics and comparative economic systems analysis constitute a useful methodological background and provide a set of research instruments for the study of these historical processes

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Comparative Analysis of Levels of Banking Sector Markets Concentration in CEE Region

Author(s): Tijana Kaličanin,Azra Hanić / Language(s): English Issue: 1-2/2016

Banking sector is an important development factor of the total financial and economic system. Number of banks and dispersion of their individual shares defines competitive structure of banking sector, manifested by its concentration. Market concentration may be presented as a function of a number of enterprises competing in a market and their individual comparative market shares. Concentration analysis is significant with regard to the fact that the level of concentration demonstrates relations among competitors in a market, as well as influence each competitor has on consumers, branch and economy as a whole. Starting from 2008 crisis, domino effect of which hit banking sector and has had a huge impact on it, authors of this paper aimed at establishing a level of market concentration of the banking sector in Serbia and countries in the region in 2015 by application of a large number of market concentration indicators.

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Student Housing a Resilient Housing Rental Market: Case of Federal Polytechnic Neighbourhood Bauchi, Nigeria

Author(s): Zubairu Abubakar Ghani,Noralfishah Sulaiman,Mohammed Ishaq Mohammed / Language(s): English Issue: 03/2018

In the last three decades globally higher institutions (HIs) have been experiencing an unprecedented upsurge in student population and student enrolment in His generally outstrip the HIs student housing. In many countries of the world like Nigeria, HIs are obviously incapacitated in accommodating the growing student population which compelled numerous students to overflow into their HIs’ neighbourhood seeking for alternative housing accommodation in the private housing rental market. Indeed the scenario of HIs student's housing shortfalls and increasing students housing demand evolved the interest of many people in a student housing rental market. This is because it has been uncovered that business in student housing rental is lucrative and guaranteeing business that ensured profit for a long term. This paper, therefore, explores the nature and landscape of student housing rental in Nigeria where the business is immature then drawn the conclusion.

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Przebieg reintegracji zawodowej w spółdzielniach socjalnych w województwie łódzkim

Author(s): Michał Jerzy Sobczak / Language(s): Polish Issue: 332/2017

Social cooperatives are one of the tools of active social policies that aim to support peopleat risk of social exclusion and lead them through the inclusion activities aimed at the socio‑professionalreintegration. This allows them to regain their employability in the later stages of their careers, andlets living according to the model accepted by society. Social cooperatives in Poland are developingfor over 10 years, which allows to analyze the effectiveness of these organizations in terms of reachingtheir objectives. This type of analysis is particularly important due to the fact that social cooperativesare generously supported and promoted by national authorities. Therefore, it is worth to findout whether substantial budgetary resources should be allocated for the development of this typeof organization? The paper was based on the results of surveys carried out on a group of 116 foundersand 74 employees of 42 social cooperatives from the Lodz region in the period from December 2013to June 2014. This research was a part of larger research project on the effectiveness of social cooperativesin terms of reintegration of people at risk of social exclusion in Poland. The study was conductedon the example of the Lodz region and an attempt was made to reach all 82 cooperatives registeredin the region at the end of November 2013. Undertaken analyzes enable the verification of social cooperativesas an effective method of reducing social exclusion through professional reintegration.Beneficiaries of social cooperatives need to be evaluated separately in two subgroups, i.e. employeesand founders. They differ in terms of remoteness from the open labor market, due to the varying degreesof problems affecting their social exclusion threat. Employees were people with a low degreeof independence, waiting to propose them ready‑made solutions to their socio‑professional situation.The founders are people with completely different characteristics – self‑reliant and entrepreneurial.The social cooperative gave them the opportunity to overcome temporary problems by settingup companies which are often the fulfillment of their dreams and passions. Working in a cooperativerepresentatives of both sub‑groups develop competence in terms of skills and attitudes. As a result,they became attractive to employment on the open labor market. //Spółdzielnie socjalne są jednym z narzędzi aktywnej polityki społecznej. Mają onena celu wsparcie osób zagrożonych wykluczeniem społecznym i prowadzenie do nich skierowanychdziałań inkluzyjnych poprzez reintegrację społeczno‑zawodową. Dzięki temu osoby te odzyskują zatrudnialnośćw dalszych etapach swoich karier zawodowych i mogą prowadzić życie według modeluakceptowanego przez społeczeństwo. Spółdzielczość socjalna w Polsce rozwija się od ponad 10 lat,co pozwala na analizę skuteczność tych organizacji w zakresie ich celów działania. Tego typu analizysą szczególnie istotne ze względu na fakt, że spółdzielczość socjalna jest hojnie wspierana i promowanaprzez władze krajowe. Warto zatem dowiedzieć się, czy należy przeznaczać znaczne środkibudżetowe na rozwój tego typu organizacji. Referat został oparty na wynikach badań ankietowychprowadzonych na grupie 116 założycieli oraz 74 pracowników najemnych z 42 spółdzielni socjalnychz województwa łódzkiego w okresie od grudnia 2013 do czerwca 2014 roku Badania te były częściąwiększego projektu związanego z oceną skuteczności spółdzielczości socjalnej w zakresie reintegracjizawodowej osób zagrożonych wykluczeniem społecznym w Polsce. Prowadzono je w województwiełódzkim i podjęto próbę dotarcia do wszystkich 82 spółdzielni socjalnych zarejestrowanych w regioniena koniec listopada 2013 roku. Przeprowadzone analizy pozwoliły zweryfikować spółdzielnie socjalnejako skuteczną metodę ograniczania wykluczenia społecznego poprzez reintegrację zawodową. Spółdzielcówsocjalnych trzeba oceniać osobno w dwóch podgrupach, tj. pracowników najemnych orazzałożycieli. Różnili się oni stopniem oddalenia od otwartego rynku pracy, co wynikało z różnej skaliproblemów wpływających na ich zagrożenie ekskluzją społeczną. Pracownikami byli ludzie o małymstopniu samodzielności, oczekujący na zaproponowanie im gotowych rozwiązań ich sytuacji społeczno‑zawodowej.Założyciele to ludzie o zupełnie innej charakterystyce – samodzielni i przedsiębiorczy. Spółdzielnia socjalna dała im możliwość przezwyciężenia chwilowych problemów poprzez założenieprzedsiębiorstwa będącego często spełnieniem ich marzeń i pasji. Dzięki pracy w spółdzielni przedstawicieleobu podgrup rozwijali kompetencje w zakresie umiejętności zawodowych i postaw. Dziękitemu stawali się atrakcyjnymi do zatrudnienia przez pracodawców z otwartego rynku pracy.

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